DISCIPLINES AND IDEAS
IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES
Quarter 2 – Module 5:
Filipino Social
Thinkers
OBJECTIVE:.
At the end of this module you are expected to:
Emulate role models from the ranks of Filipino
Social Thinkers and patriots
1. Summarize the features of American Colonialism
a. The used of cultural influence and to channel its
influences and natural resources to force Filipino people
through formal education and media strategies
b. channeled its hegemonic cultural influence through
popular media and formal education.
c. collaborated with local elites to further entrench
themselves in power
d. Used military force and cultural manipulation to coerce
the Filipino people
2. Evaluate the following features that belong to American
Colonialism.
a. Use of military power and religious control to force the
indigenous population into submission
b. Extracted and plundered the country’s rich natural resources
c. Extraction of economic resources from the local economy
d. Government through the union of the church and state
3. Generate the main reason why the Spanish regime had established
colonial settlement to the country
e. Undermine indigenous religious and cultural systems
f. Extract economic resources from the local economy
g. Facilitate control over the indigenous population
h. Further entrench themselves in power
4. The late Benigno Simeon Aquino, Jr. once stated that Filipinos are
worth dying for. What does mean?
a. Filipinos are marhalikas
b. Filipinos are human being too
c. Filipinos are talented and skillful
d. Filipinos are human needed to be liberated from oppression
5. Analyze statement which is inappropriate for the assertion: “I have to
suffer with my people, I have to lead them because of the responsibility
given to me by my people.” By Benigno Aquino Jr.
e. I am with the Filipino people
f. I am for the Filipino people
g. I am to the Filipino people
h. I am in the Filipino people
6. The center of Juan Luna artwork is more on _________.
a. poverty c. corruption
b. social issues d. human rights
7. Filipino in society who can be regarded as forefront and
visionaries for social advancement during the time.
c. Filipino social thinkers c. Filipino writers
d. Filipino poets d. Filipino artists
8. These people contributed towards the development of social
sciences
e. Poets c. psychologist
f. social thinkers d. sociologist
9. Generate the best themes in Filipino social thinkers are center
on the __________.
a. environmental issues
b. human rights issues
c. social injustice issues
d. social issues
10.Isabelo delos Reyes is a Labor Activist while Renato
Constantino is ________
e. Dissectionist
f. Nationalist
g. Political Theorist
h. Meta Physician
Activity 1: Who are Filipino Social Thinkers?
Think of Filipino social thinkers who contributed a lot for the country. Put
them in each circle. Provide adjectives and their contribution near in their name
that can be attributed to a social thinker who make a difference in the country.
Process Questions
1.What makes a social thinker?
2.What makes them famous as
Filipino social thinkers?
3.How these Filipino social
thinkers influence people to
create an impact to the society
and to the world?
4.In relation to our subject, why
we need to study the them?
Studying Filipino social thought requires a critical understanding
of our country’s history. It is our responsibility to study our
nation’s history and nationalist tenets, as Filipino social thought is
nourished by a sense of history and nationalism. Our experience
with colonialism has led to the emergence of ideas and principles
that are anti-colonial, anti-imperialist, and mass oriented. This
makes Filipino socio-political thought unique from that of the
West.
Features of Spanish Colonialism
Use of military power and religious control to force the
indigenous population into submission
Government through the union of the church and state
Extraction of economic resources from the local economy
Establishment of colonial settlement to facilitate control over the
indigenous population
Massive proselytization (religious conversion) to undermine
indigenous religious and cultural systems
Restriction of educational opportunities of the indigenous
population which impeded the development of national
consciousness
Features of American Colonialism
Used military force and cultural manipulation to coerce the
Filipino people
Channeled its hegemonic cultural influence through popular
media and formal education
Collaborated with local elites to further entrench themselves in
power
Extracted and plundered the country’s rich natural resources
Filipino Social Thinker
JOSE RIZAL (Reformist)
Intelligence is the solution to the ills of the country.
Consciousness should be freed from fanaticism, docility,
inferiority and hopelessness.
He started La Liga Filipina with the job enlightening the minds
of the people
Believed in Agnostic Deism – the view that God created the
universe with its law, never to interfere with it again.
Human problems are irrational human creations and can be
solved through rational solutions. If reason commits mistakes,
only reason can correct them.
What is the use of independence if the slaves of today will be the
tyrants of tomorrow?
ANDRES BONIFACIO (Revolutionist)
Founded Katipunan/KKK
His philosophy of revolution was published in the revolutionary
newspaper, “Kalayaan”
Transformed the blood compact (sandugo) as a kinship contract
A revolution of war is justified when there is breach of contract.
EMILIO JACINTO (Revolutionist)
He capitalized on the idea of a tree reign of reason, of the
freedom to think and do, rather than the freedom to will and do
In a colonial situation where both will and thinking are
suppressed, where intellectual fanaticism is the rule, where one’s
will be conditioned to submit to tyranny, it is intellectual liberty
that comes primary.
Filipinos must get rid of slavery; must embrace liberty again with
a price, a bloody revolution
JUAN LUNA (Painter)
He was commonly known for his artwork, “The Spolarium”
He believed on the power of art in depicting the social issues and
injustice during their time
MANUEL LUIS QUEZON (Political Philosopher)
Political Pragmatism & political operation for an eventual Philippine
Independence
Political Pragmatism – one must fight for a goal but if obstacles towards
that goal are difficult to summon then one must fall back to an
alternative that is better than nothing provided it’s in the right direction
Believed in Social Darwinism – governments are products of political
struggles for survival
Believed in the democratization of education for all, national language,
and justice.
Equal access to essential raw materials.
JOSE P. LAUREL (Political Philosopher)
Individuals cannot forever remain in solitude
Human rights cannot be guaranteed unless the citizens first do
their obligations towards the state.
Good governance is founded on righteousness and foreign
relations must be based on full reciprocal rights and privileges
between and among nations
RENATO CONSTANTINO (Nationalist)
Colonial experience has developed a captive consciousness. An
effect of this “crab mentality”, this is the tendency to those on top
of the hierarchy to push those below while those below to pull
down those up above
When one makes a nationalist choice, he or she chooses not
for himself or herself alone but for the entire nation as well
R. ESQUIREL EMBUSCADO (Dissectionist)
As a painter, he believed that the task of an authentic artist is
to cut the umbilical cord or the past, to make use of the
present and to protect that present to the open future. He
called this art of “dissectionism”
True art must not be part-oriented, but present-future
oriented
CLARO R. CENTEZA (Meta Physician)
To “exist” is to “stand out.”
To “exist” is “to make a difference.”
CIRILO BAUTISTA (Political Theorist)
History can be read as a poem in the same way a poem can
be read as history
ROLANDO M. GRIPALDO (Circumstantialist)
Free Choice – Choices are done in situations, which are of 2
broad types: rational and non-rational
ISABELO DELOS REYES (Labor
Activist/Anthropologist)
Father of Filipino Socialism
Initiated labor strikes against American business
firms
He organized the first labor union
TEODORO M. KALAW
Believes that education must secure for every
Filipino the fullest measure of efficiency, freedom,
and happiness
VICENTE SINCO
Liberal Education – an approach to learning that
empowers individuals and repairs them to deal with
complexity, diversity, and change
Envisioned the need for well-trained teachers as one
of the essential factors to improve the quality of the
educational program in schools
Activity 2: Influence
Graphic Organizer: Are
you proud being a
Filipino? After doing this
module does the social
ideas from Filipino Social
Thinker affect your
perspective in life now.
Choose two Filipino
Thinkers and complete
the G.O. below. You are
free to be creative in
doing this. Use a separate
sheet of paper.
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Activity 3 : “Basta Pinoy, SUPERB!”
When Miss Catriona Gay won the Miss Universe 2018 and
said, “Raised your Flag,” we reminisce and learned our being
Filipino People that was imparted to the Filipino social
thinkers. Now, create your own unique and original
symbolism of a TRUELY FILIPINO INDIVIDUAL that is
WORTH DYING FOR. Be creative with your symbolism.
Explain your symbolism after. Use a short bond paper for
your symbolism. Follow the rubric below.
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Rubric for Basta Pinoy,
Criteria EXCELLENT SUPERB!
VERY GOOD GOOD NEEDS
Score
IMPROVEMENT
Originality Symbols and designs Most of the Some of the The symbols and
(15 points) are superb unique symbols are symbols are little designs are just copied
and original original original from internet or some
books
Creativity Most of the
Colors, designs, and Some of the Colors, designs, and
(10 points) symbols colors, designs, colors, designs, symbols did not
compliment and
from symbols and symbols compliment from each
each other. compliment from compliment from other.
each other. each other.
Strength and All symbolisms are Most of Only some The design did not
Relevance of strong, convincing, symbolisms are symbolisms are provide any
supporting and relevant to the strong, convincing strong, convincing symbolism
symbolism (10 time and relevant to convincing, and
points) the time relevant to the
time
Neatness Very clean and Clean but not A little of Untidy work
(5 points) elegance elegance 9 untidiness
