networking4u.org support@networking4u.

org
MPLS = Multiprotocol Label Switching
MP: IPv4, IPv6, Ethernet, PPP,..
Label switching: Forwarding based on Label, not looking IP routing table

networking4u.org [email protected]
networking4u.org [email protected]
networking4u.org [email protected]
networking4u.org [email protected]
networking4u.org [email protected]
RIB
#Show ip route

networking4u.org [email protected]
FIB
# show ip cef

networking4u.org [email protected]
LIB
#show mpls ldp binding

networking4u.org [email protected]
LFIB
# show mpls forwarding-table

networking4u.org [email protected]
5.5.5.5 5.5.5.5 5.5.5.5 5.5.5.5
Label: 18 Label: 101 Label: 200 Label: imp-null

MPLS

IP IP

networking4u.org [email protected]
RIB (PE1) LFIB

Dest Next If local Out prefix IF next

18 101 5.5.5.5 E0/1 192.168.23.3

5.5.5.5 192.168.23.3 E0/1

LIB
FIB
Prefix 5.5.5.5
prefix next IF Label
Local 18
binding 5.5.5.5 192.168.23.3 E0/1 101
Remote 3.3.3.3 101

LDP neighbour

LSR ID 3.3.3.3

Attach IP 192.168.23.3 3.3.3.3 192.168.34.3

networking4u.org [email protected]
L101 IP L200 IP IP

MPLS

IP IP

networking4u.org [email protected]
DEMO

networking4u.org [email protected]
PE1#show ip cef 6.6.6.6
6.6.6.6/32
nexthop 192.168.23.3 Ethernet0/1 label 101

PE1#show ip route 6.6.6.6

Routing entry for 6.6.6.6/32 PE1#show mpls forwarding-table 5.5.5.5
Known via "bgp 1234", distance 200, metric 0 Local Outgoing Prefix Bytes Label Outgoing Next Hop
Tag 20, type internal Label Label or Tunnel Id Switched interface
Last update from 5.5.5.5 01:34:39 ago 18 101 5.5.5.5/32 0 Et0/1 192.168.23.3
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* 5.5.5.5, from 5.5.5.5, 01:34:39 ago
Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
PE1#show ip route 5.5.5.5
Routing entry for 5.5.5.5/32
Known via "ospf 1", distance 110, metric 31, type intra area
Last update from 192.168.23.3 on Ethernet0/1, 01:34:56 ago
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* 192.168.23.3, from 5.5.5.5, 01:34:56 ago, via Ethernet0/1
Route metric is 31, traffic share count is 1

networking4u.org [email protected]
P1#show mpls forwarding-table labels 101
Local Outgoing Prefix Bytes Label Outgoing Next Hop
Label Label or Tunnel Id Switched interface
101 200 5.5.5.5/32 15741 Et0/0 192.168.34.4
PE2#show ip cef 6.6.6.6
6.6.6.6/32
P2#show mpls forwarding-table labels 200 nexthop 192.168.56.6 Ethernet0/0
Local Outgoing Prefix Bytes Label Outgoing Next Hop
Label Label or Tunnel Id Switched interface
200 Pop Label 5.5.5.5/32 26223 Et0/1 192.168.45.5
P2#

P2#show mpls ldp bind 5.5.5.5/32

lib entry: 5.5.5.5/32, rev 8
local binding: label: 200
remote binding: lsr: 5.5.5.5:0, label: imp-null
remote binding: lsr: 3.3.3.3:0, label: 101

networking4u.org [email protected]
MPLS L3VPN

networking4u.org [email protected]
MPLS L3VPN

 L3: ISP participate in routing with customer

to share routes between sites
 VPN: Customer routing information is
completely separated from others and traffic
is tunneled over ISP MPLS.

networking4u.org [email protected]
MPLS L3VPN

networking4u.org [email protected]
VRF - Virtual Routing & Forwarding
 VRF: separating
routing tables for
different customers
 PE installs Backbone
routes (IGP) into
Global routing table
(show ip route).
 PE installs VPN
routes into VRF
routing tables (show
ip route vrf xxx)

networking4u.org [email protected]
RD - Route Distinguisher

networking4u.org [email protected]
RD - Route Distinguisher

networking4u.org [email protected]
RD – Route Distinguisher

RD added before IPv4 making a route Unique (VPNv4),

format ASN:N

networking4u.org [email protected]
RD – Route Distinguisher

!
ip vrf CustA
Rd 123:10

!
ip vrf CustB
Rd 123:20

networking4u.org [email protected]
RT – Route Target

networking4u.org [email protected]
RT – Route Target

RT: 123:1

!
 Identifies the VRF for the received VPNv4 prefix. ip vrf CustA
route-target import 123:1
route-target export 123:1

networking4u.org [email protected]
RT – Route Target

networking4u.org [email protected]
VRF Routing Table
VRF CUS_A VRF CUS_A
192.168.2.0/24 PE2 192.168.2.0/24 CE3

PE2 P L1

VRF CUS_B
192.168.2.0/24 PE2 VRF CUS_B
192.168.2.0/24 CE4
PE2 P L1

networking4u.org [email protected]
Data plane Issue

networking4u.org [email protected]
VPN Label

 A VPN label is assigned for each local VPNv4 address

Generated and updated by BGP (not LDP)
Related to Data plane
At bottom of label stack

18 306 IP

networking4u.org [email protected]
Put all Together

RD:192.168.2.0/24
Next-hop: PE2
RT: 123:1
VPN label: 21

192.168.2.0/24 192.168.2.0/24
Next-hop: PE1 Next-hop: CE3

MLPS

Dest Next Label

192.168.2.0/24 PE2 21 Dest Label next
PE2 P 17 192.168.2.0/24 21 CE3

networking4u.org [email protected]
Data Flow

networking4u.org [email protected]
Note
 Transport Label learned through LDP
 VPN Label created by BGP, updated through
MP-BGP
 VPNv4 routes learned through MP-BGP, stored
in VRF routing table
 RD, RT are configured under VRF on PE and
advertised through MP-BGP
 Next hop routes learned through IGP (OSPF)
stored in Global routing table
networking4u.org [email protected]
RT:2:2 RT:2:2

RT: 1:1
RT: 1:1

networking4u.org [email protected]
Dest Next- Label
hop Dest Next- Labe
hop l
6.6.6.6 5.5.5.5 300
6.6.6.6 5.5.5.5 300
5.5.5.5 .23.3 17

RT:2:2 RT:2:2

RT: 1:1
Dest Next- Label Dest Next- Labe RT: 1:1
hop hop l
6.6.6.6 5.5.5.5 304 6.6.6.6 5.5.5.5 304
5.5.5.5 .23.3 17

networking4u.org [email protected]
IP IP

18 306 IP 200 306 IP 306 IP

RT:2:2 RT:2:2

RT: 1:1
RT: 1:1

networking4u.org [email protected]
MPSL L2VPN: AToM

networking4u.org [email protected]
networking4u.org [email protected]
interface Loopback0
PE1 ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
ip ospf 1 area 0
!
interface Ethernet0/0
no ip address
xconnect 4.4.4.4 24 encapsulation mpls
!
interface Ethernet0/1
ip address 192.168.23.2 255.255.255.0
ip ospf 1 area 0
mpls ip

networking4u.org [email protected]
interface Loopback0
ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255
PE2 ip ospf 1 area 0
!
interface Ethernet0/0
ip address 192.168.34.4 255.255.255.0
ip ospf 1 area 0
mpls ip
!
interface Ethernet0/1
no ip address
xconnect 2.2.2.2 24 encapsulation mpls
!

networking4u.org [email protected]
PE1#show mpls l2transport vc detail
PE1 Local interface: Et0/0 up, line protocol up, Ethernet up
Destination address: 4.4.4.4, VC ID: 24, VC status: up
Output interface: Et0/1, imposed label stack {17 17}
Preferred path: not configured
Default path: active
Next hop: 192.168.23.3
Create time: 00:45:46, last status change time: 00:43:45
Last label FSM state change time: 00:44:45
Signaling protocol: LDP, peer 4.4.4.4:0 up
Targeted Hello: 2.2.2.2(LDP Id) -> 4.4.4.4, LDP is UP
Graceful res
MPLS VC labels: local 17, remote 17
Group ID: local 0, remote 0
MTU: local 1500, remote 1500
Remote interface description:
Sequencing: receive disabled, send disabled
Control Word: On (configured: autosense)

networking4u.org [email protected]
PE2#show mpls l2transport vc detail
Local interface: Et0/1 up, line protocol up, Ethernet up
PE2 Destination address: 2.2.2.2, VC ID: 24, VC status: up
Output interface: Et0/0, imposed label stack {16 17}
Preferred path: not configured
Default path: active
Next hop: 192.168.34.3
Create time: 00:47:00, last status change time: 00:45:59
Last label FSM state change time: 00:44:58
Signaling protocol: LDP, peer 2.2.2.2:0 up
Targeted Hello: 4.4.4.4(LDP Id) -> 2.2.2.2, LDP is UP
MPLS VC labels: local 17, remote 17
Group ID: local 0, remote 0
MTU: local 1500, remote 1500
Remote interface description:
Sequencing: receive disabled, send disabled
Control Word: On (configured: autosense)
Dataplane:
SSM segment/switch IDs: 4099/4096 (used), PWID: 1

networking4u.org [email protected]
PE1

networking4u.org [email protected]
CE1>
CE1>en
CE1#show ip os int br
CE1 Interface PID Area IP Address/Mask Cost State Nbrs F/C
Lo0 1 0 1.1.1.1/32 1 LOOP 0/0
Et0/0 1 0 172.16.1.1/24 10 BDR 1/1
CE1#
CE1#
CE1#show ip os nei
OSPF between CE1 and CE2
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
5.5.5.5 1 FULL/DR 00:00:39 172.16.1.2 Ethernet0/0
CE1#

CE1#show ip route os

Gateway of last resort is not set

5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O 5.5.5.5 [110/11] via 172.16.1.2, 00:14:25, Ethernet0/0

networking4u.org [email protected]