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Ions and Isotopes

This document discusses ions, isotopes, and how to determine the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons in an atom. It defines an ion as an atom or group of atoms with an electrical charge, and isotopes as atoms of the same element that differ in their number of neutrons. It then provides examples of isotopes and outlines the steps to use the periodic table and isotope notation to find the number of each subatomic particle in an atom or ion.

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Jo Ann
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244 views14 pages

Ions and Isotopes

This document discusses ions, isotopes, and how to determine the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons in an atom. It defines an ion as an atom or group of atoms with an electrical charge, and isotopes as atoms of the same element that differ in their number of neutrons. It then provides examples of isotopes and outlines the steps to use the periodic table and isotope notation to find the number of each subatomic particle in an atom or ion.

Uploaded by

Jo Ann
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Ions and Isotopes Introduction
  • Ion Definition
  • Isotope Definition
  • Examples of Isotopes
  • Basics of Atomic Structure
  • How to Determine Protons, Electrons, and Neutrons

Ions and Isotopes

What?
Why?
How?
What is an Ion?
•Ion, any atom or group of atoms
that bears one or more positive or
negative electrical charges.
Positively charged ions are called
cations; negatively charged ions,
are anions.
What is an Isotope?
• Isotopes are two or more types of atoms
that have the same atomic
number (number of protons in their nuclei)
and position in the periodic table (and
hence belong to the same chemical
element ), and that differ in nucleon
numbers ( mass numbers) due to different
numbers of neutrons in their nuclei.
Example of Isotope?
• Chlorine 35
• Gallium 69
• Germanium 74
• Hydrogen 1
• Hydrogen 2
• Iron 54
• Krypton 84
• Magnesium 24
• All basic elements are made up of electrons, protons,
and neutrons. An electron is a negatively charged
particle that makes up part of an atom.
• A fundamental concept in chemistry is the ability to
determine how many electrons an atom contains.
• By using a periodic table of elements, this can easily
be determined.
• Other important concepts involve how to find the
number of neutrons and valence electrons (number
of electrons in its outermost shell) in an element.
How to determine
the number of
Protons, Electrons,
and Neutrons in an
Atom
First STEP: Get your
Periodic Table
Second STEP:
Isotope Notation
Third STEP: Find the
atomic number of an
element.
•The atomic number of
an element is equivalent
to the number of
protons in its nucleus.
Method 2: Determining the Electron
Number of Positively/Negatively
Charged Ions
Step 1: Add the charge to the
atomic number if the charge is
negative.
Step 2: Subtract the charge from
the atomic number if the ion is
positive.

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