COMPOSITE CLIMATE
NOTHING IS ART IF IT DOES NOT COME FROM NATURE .
BHARGAV
KUNJAL
PRIYAL
RAHILA
GHANSHYAM
KARAN PANCHAL
REGION UNDER COMPOSITE CLIMATIC ZONE
• DELHI
• MADHYA PRADESH
• UTTAR PRADESH
• PUNJAB
• RAJASTHAN
VARIOUS PARAMETERS OF DESIGNING
CLIMATIC CONCERNS
SITE PLANNING
BUILDING LAYOUT AND ORIENTATION
LANDSCAPE PLANNING
PASSIVE DESIGN STRATEGIES
VARIOUS PARAMETERS OF DESIGNING
CLIMATIC CONCERNS
SITE PLANNING
BUILDING LAYOUT AND ORIENTATION
LANDSCAPE PLANNING
PASSIVE DESIGN STRATEGIES
CLIMATIC CONCERNS
DESIN CRITERIA
• RESIST HEAT GAIN IN SUMMER AND HEAT LOSS IN WINTER
• INCREASE THERMAL RESISTANCE ROOF AND WALL INSULATION
•
• INCREASE THERMAL CAPICITY THICKER WALLS
• INCREASE BUFFER SPACE BALCONIES
• DECREASE AIR EXCHANGE RATE WEATHER STRIPPING
• INCREASE SURFACE REFELCTIVITY PALE COLOUR AND CHINA TILE
• INCREASE SHADING USE TREE AND CHHAJJA FOR SHADING
•
• DECREASE EXPOSED SURFACE AREA
VARIOUS PARAMETERS OF DESIGNING
CLIMATIC CONCERNS
SITE PLANNING
BUILDING LAYOUT AND ORIENTATION
LANDSCAPE PLANNING
PASSIVE DESIGN STRATEGIES
SITE PLANNING
• If there is any existing vegetation on site,
steps should be taken to retain them.
• Site planning is also important to ensure
proper planning of shaded and previous
paving and to reduce hard paving in
landscaping and promote vegetation.
VARIOUS PARAMETERS OF DESIGNING
CLIMATIC CONCERNS
SITE PLANNING
BUILDING LAYOUT AND ORIENTATION
LANDSCAPE PLANNING
PASSIVE DESIGN STRATEGIES
BUILDING ORIENTATION
• The building should be located with the long
axis in the east-west direction so that the
longest walls face north and south, and only
the short wall face east and west.
• The building must be compact and low-rise.
• Building with a courtyard are more suitable.
• A moderately dense, low-rise development is
suitable.
• Shading walls are desirable
• Shelter from dust and reduction of surfaces
exposed to radiation.
EXAMPLE OF NORTH-SOUTH ORIENTED BUILDINGS
PLAN FORM
• Compact internal planning of houses will be
benefit for most of the year
• Courtyard type building are most suitable and
building should be grouped in such a way that
it can take advantage of prevailing breeze
during short period if movement
• Moderately dense and low rise structure is
suitable for this type of climate which will
ensure protection of outdoor spaces mutual
shading of external walls shelter from the
wind in cold season shelter from dust and
reduction to exposed surfaces facing solar
radiation
COURTYAD
● Cool air from the bottom level flows through
the openings which surrounded by courtyard
which fresh air flow.
● Roof surface that's cool down by the process
convection and radiation.
● If the roof surface are inclined or sloped
towards the inner side of courtyard, the cool air
sinks into the courtyard and makes the place
cooler.
● Courtyard should be designed in such a way
that have a large veranda to reduce sky glare
and provide shade
● Height to width ratio of courtyard and building
should be 1:1
OPENINGS
• Efficient natural ventilation requires openings in
opposite pressure zones.
• Natural ventilation can also be enhanced through tall
spaces like stacks, chimneys and so on in a building.
• With openings near the highest of stacks, warm air can
escape whereas cooler air enters the building from
openings near the bottom.
ROOFS AND WALLS
• Roofs and external walls should be
constructed of solid masonry or concrete to
have 9 to 12 hours of time lag in heat
transmission
• Best arrangement is if the thermal capacity is
provided in massive floors partitions and
ceilings permitting the outer wall to be used
more freely for large openings
• Resistance insulation should be placed at the
outside surfaces of external walls or roofs.
Insulation on the inside would only reduce
the beneficial effects of higher thermal
capacity walls and roofs.
VARIOUS PARAMETERS OF DESIGNING
CLIMATIC CONCERNS
SITE PLANNING
BUILDING LAYOUT AND ORIENTATION
LANDSCAPE PLANNING
PASSIVE DESIGN STRATEGIES
LANDSCAPE PLANNING
• Trees prevent the heat to enter into the building and
carried towards the ground.
• The shade created by the trees reduces the air temperature
by almost 8% and provide an evapotranspiration.
• Plant in deciduous trees on the south-west of the building
is used to stop direct sun rays to enter into the building
during winter.
VARIOUS PARAMETERS OF DESIGNING
CLIMATIC CONCERNS
SITE PLANNING
BUILDING LAYOUT AND ORIENTATION
LANDSCAPE PLANNING
PASSIVE DESIGN STRATEGIES
PASSIVE DESIGN STRATEGIES
WHAT IS PASSIVE COOLING?
• A ‘passive’ solar design suggests the use of natural process for achieving required thermal
comfort inside the building.
• The flow of energy in passive design is by natural means: radiation, conduction or convection
without using any energy intensive mechanism.
• To prevent heat from entering into the building or to remove once it has entered is the main
principle in passive cooling concepts. This depends on two conditions: the availability of a heat
sink which is at a lower temperature than indoor air, and the promotion of heat transfer towards
the sink.
ROOF POND
• The roof pond system requires a body of
water to be located in the roof protected and
controlled by exterior movable insulation.
• This body of water is exposed to direct solar
gain which absorbs and stores. Since thermal
storage of ceiling of the building it will radiate
uniform low temperature.
WIND TOWER
• Tower, the hot ambient air enters the tower through
the openings in the tower, gets cooled, and thus
becomes heavier and sinks down.
• An inlet is provided to the rooms with an outlet on the
other side.
• In the presence of wind. Air is cooled more effectively
and flows faster down the tower and into the living
area.
EARTH COOLING TUBES
• The use of earth as a heat sink or a source for cooling/heating air in
buried pipes or underground tunnels has been a testimony to
Islamic and Persian architecture.
• The air passing through a tunnel or a buried pipe at a depth of few
meters gets cooled in summers and heated in winters.
PASSIVE DOWNDRAUGHT COOLING
• This system consist of a downdraft tower with wetted
cellulose pads at the top of the tower.
• Water is distributed on the top of the pads, collected
at the bottom into a sump and recirculated by a
pump.
• In some designs, water is made to drip. Thus, the
towers are equipped with evaporative cooling
devices at the top to provide cool air by gravity flow.
DAYLIGHTING
• Daylighting is the practice of placing windows, skylights, other
openings and reflective surfaces so that sunlight (direct or
indirect) can provide effective lighting.
VARIOUS PARAMETERS OF DESIGNING
CLIMATIC CONCERNS
SITE PLANNING
BUILDING LAYOUT AND ORIENTATION
LANDSCAPE PLANNING
PASSIVE DESIGN STRATEGIES
BUILDING MATERIALS
• Fly Ash Brick
• Aerated Autoclaved Cement (AAC) Block
• Portland Pozzolana Cement (with 30% fly ash)
• Patterned multi-coloured terrazzo flooring with salvaged stone pieces Grass Paver Blocks
Pavements
• Local Stone with Marble Strips
• Calcium Silicate Tiles Bamboo Jute Composite for Frames & Doors
• Low Volatile Organic Compound Paints Natural stone for flooring and cladding
SRI AURABINDO ASHRAM , NEW DELHI
• Site Address/Location: Sri Aurobindo
Ashram, New Delhi
• Climatic Zone: Composite
• Building Type : Institutional
Architect(s):Sanjay Prakash, Anoop Singh
Rana, Manoj Josh
COURTYARDS
• The inside courtyards are small and interlinked to encourage both cross- ventilation in rooms as
well as ventilation between them.
BRITISH COUNCIL
• Location: Delhi, India
• Climate: Composite climate
• Architect: Charles Correa
This building is the first British
council world wide to be awarded
a USGDC LEED platinum rating.
HALL OF NATION
Construction Materials and Foundation
● Material used:Wall:R.C.C Roof:R.C.C
● Clading: Glazed triangle cladding plates
● The wall ,roof and the whole structure is space
framed made from concrete cast in Situ.
● It is a tessellating triangular facade to form a
caped pyramid
Climate
● The wall ,roof and the whole structure is space framed made from concrete cast
in Situ.
● It is a tessellating triangular facade to form a caped pyramid
● The depth of structure was use as a sun breaker
● A Solid triangular panels at rectangular intervals provide sunscreen
● Cut sunlight and rain
● Permit air circulation
