SANITATION

SANITATION

WHAT IS SANITATION?
 Sanitation is the effective use of tools and

actions that keep our environment healthy.
 These include latrines or toilets to manage

waste, food preparation, washing stations,
effective drainage and other such
mechanisms.
WHAT IS HYGIENE?
 Hygiene is a set of personal practices that

contribute to good health.
 It includes things like hand-washing, bathing

and cutting hair/nails.
 Hand-washing is the single most important

activity we can all do to encourage the stop of
disease.
Poor
sanitation is linked to
transmission of diseases
 cholera, diarrhoea, dysentery
 hepatitis A, typhoid
 polio
 and exacerbates stunting.
 Poor sanitation reduces human well-being,

social and economic development due to
impacts such as anxiety, risk of sexual assault,
and lost educational opportunities.
Environmental sanitation
 Environmental sanitation encompasses the

control of environmental factors that are
connected to disease transmission.
 Subsets of this category are solid waste

management, water and wastewater
treatment, industrial waste treatment and
noise and pollution control.
How can we improve
sanitation?
Improved sanitation
 Flush toilet.
 Connection to a piped sewer system.
 Connection to a septic system.
 Flush / pour-flush to a pit latrine.
 Pit latrine with slab.
 Ventilated improved pit latrine (abbreviated as VIP
latrine)
 Composting toilet.
Level I (Point Source)
 Refers to a protected well (shallow and deep well),

 improved dug well,
 developed spring,
 or rainwater cistern with an outlet but without
distribution system,
 generally adaptable for rural areas where the
houses are thinly scattered.
 A level I facility normally serves around 15
households.
Level I (Point Source)
Level II (Communal Faucet
System or Stand posts)
 Refers to a systems composed of a source,
 a reservoir,
 a piped distribution network,
 and a communal faucet located not more than
25 meters from the farthest house.
 It is generally suitable for rural and urban areas
where houses are clustered densely enough to
justify a simple piped water system.
 Usually, one faucet serves 4-6 households.
Level III (Waterworks
System)
 A system with a source, transmission pipes, a
reservoir, a piped distribution network for
household taps.
 It is generally suited for densely – populated
areas.
 Examples are MWSS and Water Districts with
individual household connections.
Households with Sanitary Toilet
Facilities.
 Refers to households with flush toilets connected
to septic tank and/or sewerage system, sanitary
pit or ventilated improved pit latrine.
Households with Complete Basic
Sanitation Facilities.
 Refers to households which satisfy the presence

of the following basic sanitation elements,
namely:
1. Access to safe water

2. Availability of Sanitary Toilet
3. Satisfactory system of garbage disposal
HHs with Satisfactory
Disposal of Solid Waste
 Refers to HHs which garbage disposal

through composting, burying, city/municipal
system.
 Refers on the information collected on the

sanitary status of two aspects of solid waste
management (storage and collection or
disposal)
Food Establishment with
Sanitary Permit
 Refers to the ratio of the number of food

establishments with Sanitary Permit
Food Establishment
 Establishment where food or drinks are

manufactured, processed, stored, sold or
served, including those that are located in
vessels.
 It refers to the total number of food
establishments which includes restaurants,
sari-sari stores, canteens, coffee shops,
carinderia, refreshment parlors, bakeries,
dairy and canning establishments.
Sanitary Permit
 The certification in writing of the city or

municipal health officer or sanitary engineer
that the establishment complies with the
existing minimum sanitation requirements
upon evaluation or inspection conducted in
accordance with PD 856 and 522 and local
ordinances.
Food Handlers with Health
Certificates
 Refers to the ratio of the number of food handler

issued with health certificates.
Food Handlers
 Refers to a person who handles, prepares,

serves food, drink or ice who comes in
contact with any cooking utensils and food
vending machines.
Health Certificates
 A certification in writing, using the prescribed

form, and issued by the municipal or
city/health officer to a person after passing
the required physical and medical
examinations and immunizations.
Why is waste disposal
important?
 Proper Waste Disposal and Public Health
 When waste is disposed of properly, it helps

to prevent additional pollution which can
improve public health. Polluted air increases
the risk of respiratory illness. Waste that is
properly disposed of has a lesser chance of
getting into the water supply and causing
illness
Reduce
your garbage by disposing it by
the most effective means.
 Sort your garbage into a few different bins. ...
 Bring any garbage that can be reused, such
as toys or clothing, to a secondhand store to
be resold.
 Take recyclables such as glass, plastics and
paper to a local recycling center.
 NO BURNING! Section 48 of RA 9003

JONATHAN N. PALMONES, R.N

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SANITATION

 Sanitation is the effective use of tools and

 These include latrines or toilets to manage

 Hygiene is a set of personal practices that

 It includes things like hand-washing, bathing

 Hand-washing is the single most important

 Poor sanitation reduces human well-being,

 Environmental sanitation encompasses the

 Subsets of this category are solid waste

 Refers to a protected well (shallow and deep well),

 Refers to households which satisfy the presence

1. Access to safe water

 Refers to HHs which garbage disposal

 Refers on the information collected on the

 Refers to the ratio of the number of food

 Establishment where food or drinks are

 The certification in writing of the city or

 Refers to the ratio of the number of food handler

 Refers to a person who handles, prepares,

 A certification in writing, using the prescribed

 When waste is disposed of properly, it helps

 NO BURNING! Section 48 of RA 9003

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