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    Population Interactions

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    The document discusses how populations interact with each other through competition, predation, and sharing resources and habitat. It provides examples of how beavers create habitat for songbirds and how different species like earthworms, cardinals, and tapeworms interact with American robins as either predators, competitors, or a habitat. The concept of niche is introduced, which describes how a species interacts with its environment including other species through factors like resources, habitat, and predator-prey relationships.

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    Population Interactions

    Uploaded by

    [email protected]
    614 views13 pages
    The document discusses how populations interact with each other through competition, predation, and sharing resources and habitat. It provides examples of how beavers create habitat for songbirds and how different species like earthworms, cardinals, and tapeworms interact with American robins as either predators, competitors, or a habitat. The concept of niche is introduced, which describes how a species interacts with its environment including other species through factors like resources, habitat, and predator-prey relationships.

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    The document discusses how populations interact with each other through competition, predation, and sharing resources and habitat. It provides examples of how beavers create habitat for songbirds and how different species like earthworms, cardinals, and tapeworms interact with American robins as either predators, competitors, or a habitat. The concept of niche is introduced, which describes how a species interacts with its environment including other species through factors like resources, habitat, and predator-prey relationships.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    614 views13 pages

    Population Interactions

    Uploaded by

    [email protected]
    The document discusses how populations interact with each other through competition, predation, and sharing resources and habitat. It provides examples of how beavers create habitat for songbirds and how different species like earthworms, cardinals, and tapeworms interact with American robins as either predators, competitors, or a habitat. The concept of niche is introduced, which describes how a species interacts with its environment including other species through factors like resources, habitat, and predator-prey relationships.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 13

    Population Interactions

    How do populations interact?


    • Everything in biology
    is part of something
    larger, and
    populations are no
    exception.
    • Populations share
    space with other
    populations.
    • They interact.
    • They are
    interdependent.
    Beavers benefit songbirds
    • Science Daily (Oct. 9, 2008)
    “The songbird has a friend in
    the beaver. According to a
    study by the Wildlife
    Conservation Society
    (WCS), the busy beaver's
    signature dams provide
    critical habitat for a variety of
    migratory songbirds,
    particularly in the semi-arid
    interior of the Western U.S.”
    • ScienceDaily article
    The American Robin
    • To Earthworms they
    are predators.
    • To cardinals and
    chickadees they are
    competitors.
    • To tapeworms living in
    their stomach they are
    habitat.
    What is the Niche?
    • “All aspects of the physical and biological
    environment that are important to a
    species.”
    • Where does the species live?
    • What other organisms does it share space
    and resources with?
    • How does it interact with other species?
    • What is it’s job?
    • The niche includes
    how a population
    responds to the
    abundance of its
    resources and
    enemies.
    • An example is when a
    population grows when
    resources are
    abundant, and
    predators, parasites
    and pathogens are
    scarce.
    Monarch Butterflies
    • The abiotic
    environment is also
    part of the niche
    because it influences
    how populations
    affect, and are
    affected by, resources
    and enemies.
    • Monarch butterflies
    have a specific niche
    which is affected by
    loss of habitat
    • Science Daily
    Competitive Exclusion Principle
    • According to the
    competitive exclusion
    principle, no two
    species can occupy
    the same niche in the
    same environment for
    a long time.
    • Resource Partitioning
    is an ecological idea
    which lessens the
    competition.
    MacArthur’s warblers
    Predator-Prey Interactions
    • Interactions between
    populations where one is
    eating another.
    • Fate of each other’s
    population are intricately
    intertwined.
    • When predators are
    removed…prey numbers
    increase.
    • Usually populations fluctuate
    in a predictable way.
    Energy expenditure
    • Predators spend a lot of
    their time stalking their
    prey and studying.
    • Predators “assess”
    chances of success , look
    for signs of weakness.
    • Only when faced with
    starvation will a predator
    challenge a healthy
    individual
    Mimicry
    • Prey use many
    techniques to help
    themselves escape
    prey.
    • Mimicry is looking like
    something in the
    environment which
    predators would
    normally ignore.
    Review
    1. How do populations interact?
    2. Provide an example of populations
    interacting.
    3. What is a niche?
    4. Describe competition exclusion principle.
    5. What are ways the predator conserves
    energy?
    6. How do prey protect themselves.

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