Linux

Linux

CHAPTER 3
LINUX DATA STORAGE MANAGEMENT

Linux Installation
What is a Partition?
Partitioning is a means to divide a single hard drive

into many logical drives.
A partition is a contiguous set of blocks on a drive
that are treated as an independent disk.
A partition table is an index that relates sections of
the hard drive to partitions.
Linux Installation
Why have multiple partitions?

Reduce the risk of system failure in case a partition
becomes full. Runaway processes or maniacal users
can consume so much disk space that the operating
system no longer has room on the hard drive for its
bookkeeping operations. This will lead to disaster. By
segregating space, you ensure that things other than
the operating system die when allocated disk space is
exhausted.
Encapsulate your data. Since file system corruption is

local to a partition, you stand to lose only some of
your data if an accident occurs.
Linux Installation
Partition Fields
Device: This field displays the partition's device name.
Start: This field shows the sector on your hard drive where the
partition begins.
End: This field shows the sector on your hard drive where the
partition ends.
Size: This field shows the partition's size (in MB).
Type: This field shows the partition's type (for example, ext2, ext3,
or vfat).
Mount Point: A mount point is the location within the directory

hierarchy at which a volume exists; the volume is "mounted" at this
location. This field indicates where the partition will be mounted.
Linux Installation
Filesystem Types
ext2 — An ext2 filesystem supports standard Unix file types
(regular files, directories, symbolic links, etc). It provides the
ability to assign long file names, up to 255 characters. Versions
prior to Red Hat Linux 7.2 used ext2 filesystems by default.
ext3 — The ext3 filesystem is based on the ext2 filesystem and
has one main advantage — journaling. Using a journaling
filesystem reduces time spent recovering a filesystem after a
crash as there is no need to fsck the filesystem.
swap — Swap partitions are used to support virtual memory. In
other words, data is written to a swap partition when there is not
enough RAM to store the data your system is processing.
vfat — The VFAT filesystem is a Linux filesystem that is
compatible with Windows 95/NT long filenames on the FAT
filesystem.
Linux Installation
Recommended Partitioning
Scheme
Unless you have a reason for doing otherwise, it is
recommended that you create the following partitions:
/boot partition – contains kernel images and grub configuration
and commands
/ partition
/var partition
/home partition
Any other partition based on application (e.g /usr/local for
squid)
swap partition — swap partitions are used to support virtual
memory. In other words, data is written to a swap partition
when there is not enough RAM to store the data your system is
processing. The size of your swap partition should be equal to
twice your computer's RAM.
Linux Installation
Disk Partition
IDE Disk Partitions
/dev/hda (Primary Master Disk)
/dev/hda1 (First Primary Partition)
/dev/hda2 (Second Primary Partition)
/dev/hdb (Primary Slave Partition)
/dev/hdb1
/dev/hdc (Secondary Master/Slave Partition)
/dev/hdc1
SCSI Disk Partitions
/dev/sda1, /dev/sda2
/dev/sdb1, /dev/sdb2
/dev/sdc1, /dev/sdc2
Linux
What is Filesystem?
A filesystem is the methods and data structures that an
operating system uses to keep track of files on a disk or
partition; that is, the way the files are organized on the
disk.
The word is also used to refer to a partition or disk that
is used to store the files or the type of the filesystem.
Such a file system could be the linux standard ext3 file
system, ext4 filesystem, linux swap partitions or other
filesystems.
Linux Installation
How to Create & Delete Partitions in Linux using Fdisk
SEE THE WORD FILE

Linux Installation
Software RAID and LVM
 Software RAID (Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disk)

 RAID 0 (Striping)
 RAID 1 (Mirroring)
 RAID 5 (Striping with Parity)
 LVM (Logical Volume Manager)

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Linux

LINUX DATA STORAGE MANAGEMENT

Partitioning is a means to divide a single hard drive

Why have multiple partitions?

Encapsulate your data. Since file system corruption is

Size: This field shows the partition's size (in MB).

Mount Point: A mount point is the location within the directory

SEE THE WORD FILE

Software RAID and LVM

 Software RAID (Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disk)

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