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    Modal-Verbs-Clasa A VIII-a

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    Cristina M.
    Modal verbs such as can, could, may, might, must, have to, and should are used in English to modify other verbs to express ability, possibility, certainty, advice, obligation, necessity, lack of necessity, and prohibition. They do not take verb endings and are followed by the base form of the verb. Common modal verbs include can for ability, must for certainty, should for advice, have to for obligation, and mustn't for prohibition.

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    Modal-Verbs-Clasa A VIII-a

    Uploaded by

    Cristina M.
    40 views19 pages
    Modal verbs such as can, could, may, might, must, have to, and should are used in English to modify other verbs to express ability, possibility, certainty, advice, obligation, necessity, lack of necessity, and prohibition. They do not take verb endings and are followed by the base form of the verb. Common modal verbs include can for ability, must for certainty, should for advice, have to for obligation, and mustn't for prohibition.

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    modal-verbs-clasa a VIII-a

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    Modal verbs such as can, could, may, might, must, have to, and should are used in English to modify other verbs to express ability, possibility, certainty, advice, obligation, necessity, lack of necessity, and prohibition. They do not take verb endings and are followed by the base form of the verb. Common modal verbs include can for ability, must for certainty, should for advice, have to for obligation, and mustn't for prohibition.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    40 views19 pages

    Modal-Verbs-Clasa A VIII-a

    Uploaded by

    Cristina M.
    Modal verbs such as can, could, may, might, must, have to, and should are used in English to modify other verbs to express ability, possibility, certainty, advice, obligation, necessity, lack of necessity, and prohibition. They do not take verb endings and are followed by the base form of the verb. Common modal verbs include can for ability, must for certainty, should for advice, have to for obligation, and mustn't for prohibition.

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    MODAL

    VERBS
    You CAN’T take photographs here.
    SOME CHARACTERISTICS
    • The verbs:
    – CAN
    – COULD
    – BE ABLE TO
    – MAY
    – MIGHT
    – MUST
    – HAVE TO
    – SHOULD
    are MODAL AUXILIARY VERBS.
    SOME CHARACTERISTICS
    • MODAL VERBS are used in English to
    HELP other verbs express:
    • Ability
    • Possibility
    • Certainty
    • Advice
    • Obligation / Necessity
    • Lack of necessity
    • Prohibition
    SOME CHARACTERISTICS
    • They do not take an –s / -ing / -ed ending  He can cook
    (NOT: He cans cook).
    • They do not use the auxiliary “do” to form questions and
    negatives  They shouldn’t make any noise (NOT: They don’t
    should make any noise).
    • They are followed by the BASE FORM of the VERB  You
    MUST FASTEN your seat-belt (NOT: You MUST TO FASTEN
    your seat-belt).
    • They do not form ALL TENSES. They usually have
    PRESENT or PAST tense  He CAN play tennis / He COULD
    play tennis when he was 5 years old.
    ABILITY
    • PRESENT ABILITY – CAN

    Peter CAN READ but his


    sister Rose, CAN’T.
    ABILITY
    • PAST ABILITY – COULD

    Mrs Turner COULD PLAY tennis before she had the


    accident.
    ABILITY
    • FUTURE ABILITY – WILL BE ABLE TO

    Doctors WILL BE ABLE TO FIND a cure for cancer.


    POSITIVE CERTAINTY
    • MUST
    • Meaning  “definitely yes” / “I’m sure”

    He MUST BE lost!
    POSSIBILITY
    • MAY / MIGHT / COULD
    • Meaning  “it is possible” / “perhaps”

    -Why is the baby crying?


    - He MAY / MIGHT /
    COULD BE hungry!
    NEGATIVE CERTAINTY
    • CAN’T
    • Meaning  “definitely not” / “I’m sure not”

    He CAN’T BE at home!
    ADVICE
    • POSITIVE ADVICE – SHOULD
    • NEGATIVE ADVICE – SHOULDN’T
    • Meaning  “I advise you to / not to”

    You SHOULD BE more


    careful!!
    OBLIGATION / NECESSITY
    • There are 2 types of necessity / obligation:
    – INTERNAL - The speaker decides that
    something is necessary; some personal
    circumstances make the obligation necessary.
    – EXTERNAL - Somebody else other than the
    speaker has made the decision; some external
    circumstances make the obligation necessary
    (laws, regulations, agreements and other
    people’s orders).
    OBLIGATION / NECESSITY
    • There are 2 types of necessity / obligation:
    – INTERNAL - The speaker decides that
    something is necessary; some personal
    circumstances make the obligation necessary.
    – EXTERNAL - Somebody else other than the
    speaker has made the decision; some external
    circumstances make the obligation necessary
    (laws, regulations, agreements and other
    people’s orders).
    INTERNAL OBLIGATION /
    NECESSITY
    • MUST / HAVE TO
    • Meaning  “it is necessary” / “I’m obliged to”

    You MUST LISTEN to me


    carefully!

    You HAVE TO LISTEN to


    me carefully!
    EXTERNAL OBLIGATION /
    NECESSITY
    • HAVE TO
    • Meaning  “it is necessary” / “I’m obliged to”
    I HAVE TO WEAR a
    uniform every day at
    work.
    OBLIGATION / DUTY
    • 3rd Person Obligation – MUST
    • It is mainly used in WRITTEN:
    – Orders
    – Rules
    – Instructions
    • Meaning  “it is obligatory to”
    OBLIGATION
    LACK OF OBLIGATION / NECESSITY
    • DON’T / DOESN’T HAVE TO
    • (don’t/doesn’t need to & needn’t)
    • Meaning  “it isn’t necessary to do something”

    The farmer DOESN’T HAVE TO


    BUY any vegetables (= It isn’t
    necessary for the farmer to buy
    any vegetables)
    PROHIBITION
    • MUSTN’T
    • Meaning  “it is forbidden to do something” /
    “you are not allowed to do something” /”it is
    against the rules” /”you can’t do something”

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