DICTUMS &

PHILOSOPHIES
Notable Architects & Buildings
ADOLF
LOOS
 “ORNAMENT is a crime and all
ornamentation must be rejected.”
 Austrian-Czechoslovak
 European architect; often noted for his literal
discourse that foreshadowed the foundations of
the entire modernist movement.
 “Ornament and Crime” began as a lecture
delivered by Loos in 1910 (Art Nouveau was
prevalent) to explain his disdain of ornament as
his causes buidings to become obsolete sooner.
ADOLF
LOOS
 "Lack of ornamentation is a sign of spiritual
strength.“
 "Be not afraid of being called un-
fashionable.“
 "The room has to be comfortable; the house
has to look habitable.“
 "Supply and demand regulate architectural
form.“
LoosHaus
(Goldman&Sa
latsch) (1911)
Vienna, Austria
ALVAR
AALTO
 “Architecture must create buildings which are
conceived as a total ARTISTIC expression.”
 Finnish
 Pioneer of modern architecture; known for his
use of organic, naturally derived materials.
 “Building art is a synthesis of life in materialized
form. We should try to bring in under the same
hat… all in harmony together.”
 “Architecture cannot disengage itself from the
natural and human factors…”
ALVAR
AALTO
 "Form must have a content, and that content must
be linked with nature.“
 "Beauty is the harmony of purpose and form.“
 "Objects are made to be completed by the human
mind.“
 "True architecture exists only where man stands in
the center.“
 "God created paper for the purpose of drawing
architecture on it. Everything else is at least for me
an abuse of paper.“
 "Architecture belongs to culture, not to civilization."
ALVAR
AALTO
 "I tell you, it is easier to build a grand opera
or a city center than to build a personal
house.“
 "I do not write, I build.“
 "We should work for simple, good,
undecorated things“
Paimio
Hospital
(1932)
Paimio, Finland
MIT Baker
House (1949)
Cambridge,
Massachusetts
Wolfsburg
(Heilig-Geist-
Kirche) (1962)
Wolfsburg, Germany
ANTONI
GAUDI
 “Form does not necessarily follow FUNCTION”
 Spanish
 His works regularly features dynamic and
organic forms, having studied geometry
(catenary curves, hyeperboloids, etc.)
 “Function has today an increasing variety of
forms to choose from.”
 “When you limit architecture to aesthetic
experiment, you’re making technology an end
instead of means.”
ANTONI
GAUDI
 "Nothing is art if it does not come from nature.“
 "There are no straight lines or sharp corners in
nature. Therefore, buildings must have no
straight lines or sharp corners.“
 "The straight line belongs to Man. The curved
line belongs to God“
 "Tomorrow we will do beautiful things.“
 "Artists do not need monuments erected for them
because their works are their monuments.“
 "But man does not create...he discovers."
ANTONI
GAUDI
 "Nothing is invented, for it's written in
nature first.“
 "Anything created by human beings is
already in the great book of nature.“
 "Originality is a return to the origin.“
 "Copiers do not collaborate.«
Casa Batllo
(1912)
Barcelona, Spain
Casa Mila
(1912)
Barcelona, Spain
- popularly known as
La Pedrera or "The
stone quarry"
Park Guell
(1926)
Barcelona, Spain
Basílica de la
Sagrada Familia;
('Basilica of the
Holy Family’)
(2026-assumed)
Barcelona, Spain
 Opened Novermber 7,
2010
 Its original plan
consists of 18 spires,
of which 10 are
already constructed.
It’s three facades
namely- nativity,
passion and glory
façade
BENJAMIN
LATROBE
 “ A building is the combination of different
GEOMETRIC figures.”
 British-American
 Architect and civil engineer; first professionally
trained architect to practice in the US.
 “Architecture form proceeds from the
character of the institution it was intended to
house rather from books of design.”
 “Forms & space were conceived as being
situated in a landscape…”
US Capitol
(1800)
Washington, DC
BRUCE JOHN
GRAHAM
 “Architecture is the design of space, both interior
and exterior. So it’s much more closely related to
DANCE than to painting or sculpture.
 Peruvian-American
 Known for designing some of the world’s tallest,
most iconic sky-scrapers and was a dominant force
behind Chicago’s architectural prominence during
the late 20th Century.
 Some famous works include the Willis Tower
(Sears Tower), John Hancock Center and Inland
Steel Building.
John Hancock
Center (1969)
Chicago, Illinois
Willis Tower
(1973)
Chicago, Illinois
DANIEL
BURNHAM
 “Make no little plans; they have no magic to
stir men’s blood. MAKE BIG PLANS aim
high in hope and work...
 American
 Architect and urban planner who was
instrumental for the success of the World’s
Columbian Expo 93
 Some famous works include the Flatiron
Building, Monadnock Building, and Rookery
Building.
DANIEL
BURNHAM
 "Let your watchword be order and your
beacon beauty.“
Rookery
Building
(1888)
Chicago, Illinois
Monadnock
Building
(1893)
Chicago, Illinois
- Last Brick
Skyscraper
Flatiron
Building
(1902)
New York City, New
York
DANIEL
LIBESKIND
 “Architecture is not based on concrete and
steel and the elements of the soil. It’s based
on WONDER.”
 Polish-American
 Known for introducing complex ideas and
emotions into his designs.
 Famous works include the Berlin Museum
addition named after him and Imperial War
Museum North
DANIEL
LIBESKIND
 “To provide meaningful architecture is not
to parody history, but to articulate it”
 "Be innovative. Don't listen to the tried and
tested wisdom. Take a risk!“
 "I think to be creative you have to resist
taking the easy path.“
 "We live in a time of renaissance ... cities are
coming back to life, after a long neglect.“
 "Cities are the greatest creations of
humanity."
DANIEL
LIBESKIND
 "What is a habit? It’s just a shackle for
ourselves.“
Jewish
Museum
(2001)
Berlin, Germany
Iperial War
Museum
(2001)
Manchester, England
Frederic C.
Hamilton
Building
(2006)
Denver, US
The Crystal
(Ontario
Museum)
(2007)
Toronto, Canada
Museum of
Military
History (2011)
Dresden, Germany
EERO
SAARINEN
 “FUNCTION influences but does not dictate
form.”
 Finnish-American
 Known for integrating sculptural forms & visual
drama in designing.
 “The purpose of architecture is to shelter and to
fulfill his belief in the nobility of his existence.”
 “To me, the drawn language is a very revealing
language, one can see in a few lines whether a
man is really an architect.”
Kresge
Auditorium
(1955)
Cambridge,
Massachusetts
MIT Chapel
(1955)
Cambridge,
Massachusetts
Ingalls Ice
Rink (1958)
New Haven,
Connecticut
Dulles
International
Airport (1962)
Dulles, Virginia
TWA Flight
Center (1962)
New York City, New
York
North
Christian
Church (1964)
Columbus, Indiana
Gateway
National Park
(1965)
St. Louis, Missouri
ELIEL
SAARINEN
 “Always design a thing by considering it in
its next larger CONTEXT. A chair in a room,
a room in a house, a house in an
environment, an environment in a city.”
 Finnish-American
 Influenced modern architecture, particularly
skyscraper and church design. 1947 AIA gold
medalist.
 Collaborated with his son, Eero Saarinen, on
Crow Island School.
ELIEL
SAARINEN
 “Architectural-form equals social-form.”
 “Beauty grows from necessity not from
repetition of formulas.”
 "Art was born as a desire, not as a demand."
Cranbrook
Academy of
Art (1904)
Bloomfield Hills,
Michigan
Helsingin
päärautatiease
ma (Helsinki
Train Station)
(1919)
Helsinki, Finland
ERICH
MENDELSOHN
 “Architecture seizes upon SPACES,
encompasses space and is space itself.”
 German
 Known for his expressionist architecture in the
1920s and for developing a dynamic functionalism
in his projects for cinemas and stores.
 “Architecture depends on the sensuous seizure
by means of touch and sight.”
 “Architecture is the only tangible expression of
space, of which the human mind is capable.”
Einstein
Tower (1921)
Potsdam, Germany
FRANK LLOYD
WRIGHT
 “Form follows function – that has been
misunderstood. Form and function should
be ONE, joined in a spiritual union.”
 American
 Modern architect who promoted organic and
prairie architecture.
 “The good building is not one that hurts the
landscape, but one which makes the
landscape more beautiful than it was before
the building was built.”
FRANK LLOYD
WRIGHT
 “A doctor can bury his mistakes, but an architect
can only advise his clients to plant vines.”
 "Study nature, love nature, stay close to nature. It
will never fail you.“
 "We create our buildings and then they create us.
Likewise, we construct our circle of friends and our
communities and then they construct us.“
 "The longer I live the more beautiful life becomes. If
you foolishly ignore beauty, you will soon find
yourself without it. Your life will be impoverished.
But if you invest in beauty, it will remain with you
all the days of your life."
FRANK LLOYD
WRIGHT
 "A building is not just a place to be but a way to
be.“
 "Space is the breath of art.“
 "Less is only more where more is no good.“
 "You can use an eraser on the drafting table or a
sledge hammer on the construction site.“
 "We should learn from the snail: it has devised a
home that is both exquisite and functional.“
 "The mother art is architecture. Without an
architecture of our own we have no soul of our own
civilization."
FRANK LLOYD
WRIGHT
 "Wood is universally beautiful to man. It is the
most humanly intimate of all materials.“
 "Nature is the inspiration for all ornamentation“
 "I believe in God, only I spell it Nature.“
 "The space within becomes the reality of the
building.“
 "Early in life, I had to choose between honest
arrogance and hypocritical humility. I chose
honest arrogance and have seen no occasion to
change“
 "If it sells, it's art."
FRANK LLOYD
WRIGHT
 "Each material has its own message."
 "Every great architect is - necessarily - a great
poet. He must be a great original interpreter
of his time, his day, his age.“
 "There is nothing more uncommon than
common sense.“
 "An idea is salvation by imagination.“
 "The only thing wrong with architecture is
architects.“
 "Freedom is from within."
FRANK LLOYD
WRIGHT
 "Every great architect is - necessarily - a
great poet.“
 "Prison house for the soul"
Frederick C.
Robie House
(1908)
Chicago, Illinois
Hollyhock
House (1917)
LA, California
- Mayan Architecture
inspired house
Fallingwater
by the
Kaufmann
(1935)
Mill run,
Pennsylvania
Johnson Wax
Headquarter
(1936)
Racine, Wisconson
- One out of two
realized skyscraper
of FLW
Taliesin West
(1937)
Arizona, Scottsdale
Solomon R.
Guggenheim
Museum
(1939)
New York City, New
York
Beth Sholom
Synagogue
(1954)
Elkins Park,
Pennsylvania
Annunciation
Greek
Orthodox
Church (1956)
Wauwatosa,
Wisconson
Price Tower
(1956)
Bartlesville,
Oklahoma
- 2nd realized
skyscraper of FLW
HAROLD
WAGONER
 “The great thing about being an architect is
that you can WALK into your dreams.”
 American
 Known ecclesiastical architect who became
prominent in the field of Protestant church design
and have designed over 500 religious buildings.
 “My firm is one of the few, perhaps the only
one in the US which has devoted all its effors to
Religious Architecture. We have had
commissions in 36 states.”
National
Presbyterian
Church
Washington, DC
US AFA Cadet
Chapel (1962)
AFA, Colorado
JULIA
MORGAN
 “Architecture is a VISUAL ART and the
buildings speak for themselves.”
 American
 First female architect to receive the Gold Medal
from the AIA.
 Eclectic architect who worked in a variety of
styles; known for the designs of Hearst Castle
and El Campanil at Mills College.
 Also known for her meticulous craftsmanship
and her creation of fine interior spaces.
Hearst Tower
(1919)
San Simeon,
California
KISHO
KUROKAWA
 “Architecture should have the element of
GROWTH and change.”
 Japanese
 In the 1960s, one of the founders of the Metabolist
movement, architecture based on traditional
Eastern thinking instead of Western.
 “Architecture should not be a world to be
thought of as an end to itself. It should be
considered as a theater stage setting where the
leading actors were the people opened to the
technique of designing.”
Nakagin
Capsule
Tower (1972)
Tokyo, Japan
Kuala
Lumpur
International
Airport (1998)
Selangor, Malaysia
LOUIS KAHN
 “A house is a HOUSE.”
 American
 Known for combining Modernism with his
“monumental designs.”
 “Design is not making beauty, beauty emerges
from selection, affinities, integration, and love.”
 “Man lives to express.”
 “Even a brick wants to be something.”
 “A room is not a room without natural light.”
LOUIS KAHN
 "The sun never knew how great it was until it hit
the side of a building.“
 "I sense Light as the giver of all presences, and
material as spent Light. What is made by Light
casts a shadow, and the shadow belongs to Light.“
 "Even a room which must be dark needs at least a
crack of light to know how dark it is.“
 "A great building must begin with the
unmeasurable, must go through measurable
means when it is being designed and in the end
must be unmeasurable."
LOUIS KAHN
 "Architecture is the thoughtful making of space“
 "Every building must have... its own soul.“
 "I try to create homes, not houses.“
 "Just think, that man can claim a slice of the sun.“
 "The nature of space reflects what it wants to be.“
 "Architecture is the reaching out for the truth.“
 "The room is the beginning of architecture.“
 "Architecture struck me between the eye and the
eyeball."
Kimbell Art
Museum
(1936)
Fort Worth, Texas
Salk Institute
(1960)
La Jolla, California
Richards
Medical
Research
Laboratories
(1965)
Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania
Yale Center
for British Art
I (1966)
New Haven,
Connecticut
First
Unitarian
Church (1969)
Rochester, New York
Olivetti-
Underwood
Factory (1970)
Harrisburg,
Pennsylvania
Phillips Exeter
Academy
Library
(1972) Exeter,
New Hampshire
Arts United
Center (1973)
Fort Wayne, Indiana
Bangladesh
National
Parliament
(Jatiya
Sangsad
Bhaban)
(1982)
Dhaka, Bangladesh
Bangladesh
National
Parliament
(Jatiya
Sangsad
Bhaban)
(1982)
Dhaka, Bangladesh
LOUIS
SULLIVAN
 “Form follows FUNCTION.”
 American
 Known as the Father of Skyscrapers and the Father
of Modernism.
 “The architect who combines in his being the
power of vision, of imagination, of intellect, of
sympathy with human needs and power to
interpret them in a language vernacular and true
is he who shall create poems in stone.”
 "Every building is like a person. Single and
unrepeatable."
LOUIS
SULLIVAN
 "A proper building grows naturally, logically,
and poetically out of all its conditions.“
 "To teach is to touch the heart and impel it to
action.“
 "Our architecture reflects truly as a mirror.“
 "But the building's identity resided in the
ornament.“
 "Once you learn to look at architecture not
merely as an art more or less well or more or less
badly done, but as a social manifestation, the
critical eye becomes clairvoyant."
LOUIS
SULLIVAN
 "Man shall find his anchorage in self-
recognition.“
Auditorium
Building
(1889)
Chicago, Illinois
Wainwright
Building
(1891)
St Louis, Missouri
Prudential
(Guaranty)
Building
(1896)
Buffalo, New York
Carson, Pirie,
Scott and
Company
Building
(1899)
Chicago, Illinois
- Chicago Window
Bayard-
Condict
Building
(1899)
Manhattan, New York
National
Farmer’s
Bank (1908)
Owatonna,
Minnesota
- Sullivan’s first jewel
box design
LE CORBUSIER
(CHARLES-
EDOUARD
JEANNERET)
 “A house is a MACHINE for living in.”
 French-Swiss
 Known for designing Villa Savoye and his five
points of architecture.
 “The exterior of the building is the result of the
interior.”
 “I prefer drawing to talking. Drawing is faster,
and leaves less room for lies.”
 “Space and light and order”
 “Cube within a cube”
LE CORBUSIER
(CHARLES-
EDOUARD
JEANNERET)
 "Architecture is the masterly, correct, and
magnificent play of masses brought together
in light. Our eyes are made to see forms in
light: light and shade reveal these forms.“
 "To be modern is not a fashion, it is a state. It
is necessary to understand history, and he who
understands history knows how to find
continuity between that which was, that which
is, and that which will be.“
 "Light creates ambience and feel of a place, as
well as the expression of a structure."
LE CORBUSIER
(CHARLES-
EDOUARD
JEANNERET)  "Architecture is the learned game, correct and
magnificent, of forms assembled in the light.“
 "The materials of city planning are: sky, space,
trees, steel and cement; in that order and that
hierarchy.“
 "The purpose of construction is TO MAKE
THINGS HOLD TOGETHER; of architecture
TO MOVE US.“
 "Chairs are architecture, sofas are bourgeois.“
 "To create architecture is to put in order. Put
what in order? Function and objects."
LE CORBUSIER
(CHARLES-
EDOUARD
JEANNERET)
 "The history of architecture is the history of the
struggle for light.“
 "The home should be the treasure chest of living.“
 "The "styles" are a lie.“
 "By law, all buildings should be white.“
 "You know, it is life that is right and the architect
who is wrong.“
 "It is a question of building which is at the root of
the social unrest of today: architecture or
revolution."
LE CORBUSIER
(CHARLES-
EDOUARD
JEANNERET)
 "Our own epoch is determining, day by day,
its own style. Our eyes, unhappily, are
unable yet to discern it.“
 "Our world, like a charnel-house, is strewn
with the detritus of dead epochs.“
 "Modular system also known as Divine
Proportion.“
 “A curved street is a donkey track; a straight
street, a road for men.”
Villa Savoye
(1931)
Poissy, France
Punjab and
Haryana High
Court or
Palace of
Justice (1947)
Chandigarh, India
Palace of
Assembly
(1951)
Chandigarh, India
Unité
d'Habitation
(1952)
Marseille, France
Mill Owners'
Association
Building
(1951)
Ahmedabad, India
UN Headquarters
(1952)
New York, New York
- The project was in
collaboration with number
of architects (N. D. Bassov
of the Soviet Union, Gaston
Brunfaut (Belgium), Ernest
Cormier (Canada), Le
Corbusier (France), Liang
Seu-cheng (China), Sven
Markelius (Sweden), Oscar
Niemeyer (Brazil), Howard
Robertson (United
Kingdom), G. A. Soilleux
(Australia), and Julio
Vilamajó (Uruguay)), and
spearheaded by Wallace
Harisson. 23 Le Corbusier,
32 Niemeyer
Colline Notre
Dame du Haut
(1955)
Ronchamp, France
Maison
Curutchet
(1955)
La Plata, Argentina
Sainte Marie
de La Tourette
(1957)
Éveux, France
Maison de la
Culture (1965)
Firminy, France
Heidi Weber
Museum
(1967)
Zürich, Switzerland
Saint-Pierre
(1973)
Firminy, France
LEON BATTISTA
ALBERTI
 “Everything that nature produces is regulated by
the law of HARMONY.”
 Italian
 Renaissance architect who wrote De re Aedificatoria
(On the Art of Building) explaining that a great
structure should have consistent and unified
elements of stability, aesthetics, and decorations.
 Known as the Renaissance “universal man”
 Designed the façade of Santa Maria Novella in
Florence.
LEON BATTISTA
ALBERTI
 "Beauty is the adjustment of all parts
proportionately so that one cannot add or
subtract or change without impairing the
harmony of the whole.“
 "The city is like a great house, and the house
in its turn a small city.“
 "The Arts are learnt by reason and method;
they are mastered by practice."
BASILICA
OF SANTA
MARIA
NOVELLA
(1360)
Florence, Italy
Palazzo
Rucellai
(1451) Florences,
Italy
Basilica of
Sant'Andrea
(1472)
Mantua, Italy
LUDWIG MIES VAN
DE ROHE
 “Less is MORE.”
 German-American
 Known for his rectilinear forms which epitomized
the International Style of architecture.
 Famous works include the Farnsworth House and
Seagram Building.
 “God is in the details.”
 “Architecture is the will of an epoch translated
into space.”
LUDWIG MIES VAN
DE ROHE
 “Architecture starts when you carefully put two bricks
together.”
 "Architecture is a language. When you are very good,
you can be a poet“
 "No design is possible until the materials with which
you design are completely understood“
 "It is better to be good than to be original.“
 "Never talk to a client about architecture. Talk to him
about his children. That is simply good politics. He will
not understand what you have to say about
architecture most of the time. An architect of ability
should be able to tell a client what he wants. Most of
the time a client never knows what he wants."
LUDWIG MIES VAN
DE ROHE
 "Architecture has the power to create order
out of unholy confusion.“
 "I don't want to be interesting. I want to be
good."
 "First you have to learn to do something,
then you can go out and do it.“
 "Architecture is the will of the age conceived
in spatial terms.“
 "Architecture is the real battleground of the
spirit."
LUDWIG MIES VAN
DE ROHE
 "Each material is only what we make it.“
 "Architecture wrote the history of the
epochs and gave them their names.“
Barcelona
Pavilion
(1929) Barcelona,
Spain
Villa
Tugendhat
(1930)
Brno, Czechia
Farnsworth
House (1951)
Plano, Illinois
S.R. Crown
Hall (1956)
Chicago, Illinois
Seagram
Building
(1958)
Manhattan, New York
MARCEL BREUER

 “Structure is not just a means to a solution.

It is also a principle and a PASSION.”
 Hungarian
 International Style advocate who applies new
forms and uses to technology and materials in
order to create industrial style of art
 First furniture designer to use tubular steel
(Wassily chair)
MARCEL BREUER

 "I am as much interested in the smallest

detail as in the whole structure.“
 “Nature & architecture are two different
things.”
 "Modern architecture is not a style, it's an
attitude"
Gropius
House (1938)
Lincoln,
Massachusetts
World
Heritage
Centre (1958)
Paris, France
945 Madison
Avenue
(Breuer
Building)
(1966)
Manhattan, New York
Pirelli Tire
Building
(1968)
New Haven,
Connecticut
MARCUS VITRUVIUS
POLLIO
 “ARCHITECTURE must meet 3
requirements, strength, beauty, & utility.”
 Ancient Roman
 Architect, engineer and author of De architectura
(On Architecture)
 “A harmonious design requires that nothing
be added or taken away.”
 “Architecture is a science arising out of many
other sciences, and adorned with much and
varied learning…”
MARCUS VITRUVIUS
POLLIO
 "Architecture depends on Order,
Arrangement, Eurythmy, Symmetry ,
Propriety , and Economy.“
 "The architect must not only understand
drawing, but music.“
 "For not all things are practicable on
identical principles“
MICHAEL GRAVES

 “Design as if you are a CHILD.”

 American
 Postmodern architect known for his aesthetic
elemental shapes and references to historical
forms.
 “In any architecture, there is an equity
between the pragmatic function & the
symbolic function.”
 “Classical forms language of both the
arctuated & trabeated models.”
MICHAEL GRAVES

 “People make natural associations with form

, color and elements…”
 "My favorite project is always the next one.“
 "If I have a style, I am not aware of it.“
 "I stayed true to what I thought was good
design no matter who it was for.“
 "I have no requirements for a style of
architecture.“
DPL Central
Library
(1889) Denver,
Colorado
Portland
Building
(1982)
Portland, Oregon
Team Disney
Building
(1990)
Burbank, California
Walt Disney
World
Dolphin
(1990) Lake
Buena Vista, Florida
MICHELANGELO
BUONAROTTI
 “MEASURE and proportion should be kept in
the eyes.”
 Italian
 Renaissance sculptor, painter, poet and architect
known for painting the frescoes on the ceiling of
the Sistine Chapel in Vatican City.
 Other famous includes the Pieta (1498), a sculpture
of Christ in the lap of Virgin Mary carved from a
single block of marble, and David (1504), a 17-
foot classical statue for the Florence Cathedral
MICHELANGELO
BUONAROTTI
 "I saw the angel in the marble and carved
until I set him free.“
 "Perfection is no small thing, but it is made up
of small things.“
 "Only God creates. The rest of us just copy.“
 "Your greatness is measured by your
horizons.“
 "Art is a shadow of Divine perfection.“
 "Sculpture is made by taking away, while
painting is made by adding."
MICHELANGELO
BUONAROTTI
 "I saw the angel in the marble and carved
until I set him free.“
 "Perfection is no small thing, but it is made up
of small things.“
 "Only God creates. The rest of us just copy.“
 "Your greatness is measured by your
horizons.“
 "Art is a shadow of Divine perfection.“
 "Sculpture is made by taking away, while
painting is made by adding."
Palazzo
Farnese
(1541)
Rome, Italy
MINORU YAMASAKI

 “The purpose of architecture is to create an

atmosphere in which man can LIVE, work
and enjoy.”
 Japanese-American
 New Formalism, infusing modern buildings
with classical proportions
 Aimed to develop his natural talents and use
them “in a way that would make my life
meaningful to both me and those around me.”
MINORU YAMASAKI

 “We build buildings that are terribly restless

and buildings don’t go anywhere. They
shouldn’t be restless”
 "I didn't want to lose the human scale."
Pacific
Science
Center (1962)
Seattle, Washington
North shore
Congregation
Israel (1964)
Glencoe, Illinois
One M&T
Plaza (1967)
Buffalo, New York
IBM Building
(1972)
Manhattan, New York
World Trade
Center (1973)
Manhattan, New York
Rainier Tower
(1977)
Seattle, Washington
OTTO WAGNER

 “A town in a TOWN.”
 Austrian
 Advocated a breakaway from historicist
architecture and become a founder of modern
European architecture.
 “Our starting point for artistic creation is to be
found only in Modern Life.”
 “Nothing that is not practical can be beautiful.”
 “Essential basis of natural forms as
geometries.”
Karlsplatz
Pavilion
(1898) Vienna,
Austria
Linke
Wienzeile 38
(1898)
Vienna, Austria
Kirche am
Steinhof
(1907) Vienna,
Austria
PAUL MARVIN
RUDOLPH
 “The essential element in architecture is the
MANIPULATION of space. It is the essence which
separates it.”
 American
 Known for his modern designs.
 Designed the Yale Art and Architecture Building, one of the
earliest examples of Brutalist architecture in the United
States
 “My buildings are like children. And when the Art and
Architecture at Yale was burned, I felt that somebody
had died.”
 “Architecture is a personal effort…”
Rudolph Hall
(1963)
New Haven,
Connecticut
Elion-
Hitchings
Building
(1972)
North Carolina, US
PETER EISENMAN

 “My best work is without PURPOSE.”

 American
 Known for his deconstructive and high
modernist designs
 “It is about stopping any communication and
placing within architecture itself a device that
causes you to react emotionally, physically,
and intellectually. Without representation, my
architecture means nothing but the
experience is something else.”
PETER EISENMAN

 "The architecture we remember is that

which never consoles or comforts us.“
 "Architecture is definitely a political act.“
PIERRE LUIGI
NERVI
 “Architecture is the synthesis of TECHNOLOGY
and art.”
 Italian
 Architecture and engineer known for his creative
and complex designs using reinforced concrete
 Invented ferrocemento, composed of dense
concrete, heavily reinforced with steel mesh that
makes it strong and light.
 “Structural correctness is identical with
functional, technical and economic truthfulness.”
Palazzetto
dello Sport
(1957)
Rome, Italy
Richmond
Coliseum
(1971)
Richmond, Virginia
Cathedral of
Saint Mary of
the
Assumption
(1971)
San Francisco,
California
RICHARD
BUCKMINSTER
FULLER
 “When I am working on a problem, I never
think about beauty but when I have finished,
if the solution is not BEAUTIFUL, I know it
is wrong.”
 American
 Architect and engineer who developed the
geodesic dome, an independent structural
system that can be set directly on the ground.
 Known for pioneering solutions and technology
that does “more with less”
RICHARD
BUCKMINSTER
FULLER
 “There is nothing in a caterpillar that tells
you its going to be a butterfly.”
 "We are called to be architects of the future,
not its victims.“
 "Mistakes are great, the more I make the
smarter I get.“
 "If you change the environment, you change
the people.“
 "You can never learn less; you can only
learn more."
Palais des
Sports (Paris)
(1960)
Paris, France
Geodesic
Dome (1967)
Montreal, Canada
Science World
(1977)
Vancouver, Canada
RICHARD JOSEPH
NEUTRA
 “A house is like a FLOWER POT.”
 Austrian-American
 Known for his role in introducing International
Style into the American Architecture
 Known for designing the Kaufmann Desert House
in California
 He believes a house should reflect the way of life
of the owner.
 For him, architecture is a means of bringing man
back into harmony with nature and with himself.
RICHARD JOSEPH
NEUTRA
 "Architects must have a razor-sharp sense of
individuality.“
 "The architect who really designs for a
human being has to know a great deal more
than just the Five Canons of Vitruvius.“
Kaufmann
Desert House
(1946)
Palm Springs,
California
Kornish
House (1955)
Beverly Hills,
California
ROBERT ARTHUR
MORTON STERN
 “THE DIALOGUE between client and architect is
about as intimate as any conversation you can have,
because when you're talking about building a house,
you're talking about dreams."
 Austrian-American
 Known for postmodern designs
 His firm is famous for its large residential projects and
his signature brick and limestone finish
 Also noted as an architectural historian, writing books
such as 40 under 40: Young Talent in architecture (1966)
and New Directions in American Architecture (1969)
ROBERT ARTHUR
MORTON STERN
 "To be an architect is to possess an
individual voice speaking a generally
understood language of form.“
 "Buildings should not look like Lady Gaga.“
15 Central
Park West
(2008)
New York City, New
York
Tour Carpe
Diem (2013)
Courbevoie, France
220 Central
Park South
(2019)
Manhattan, New York
ROBERT MAILLART

 “A BRIDGE is like a house.”

 Swiss
 A bridge engineer whose use of reinforced
concrete revolutionized masonry arch bridge
design.
 Designed the Schwandbach bridge
 Famous for his system of integrating an arch,
roadway, and stiffening girder into a monolithic
structure, making it cheaper and more
aesthetically pleasing.
Salginatobel
Bridge (1930)
Graubunden,
Switzerland
Schwandbach
Bridge (1933)
Bern, Switzerland
WALTER GROPIUS

 “ARCHITECTURE begins where

engineering ends.”
 German-American
 Modern architect who founded Bauhaus in
1919, a German “School of Building” that
welcomed elements of art, architecture, etc.
 “Art & Architecture, the new unity.”
 “Machine is to be our modern medium of
design.”
WALTER GROPIUS

 “Society needs a good image of itself. That is the job

of the architect.”
 "Limitation makes the creative mind inventive.“
 "The mind is like an umbrella. Its most useful when
open.“
 "Specialists are people who always repeat the same
mistakes.“
 "Architects, painters, and sculptors must recognize
anew and learn to grasp the composite character of a
building both as an entity and in its separate parts.
Only then will their work be imbued with the
architectonic spirit . . ."
Fagus Factory
(1925)
Alfeld, Germany
Dessau
Bauhaus
(1926)
Dessau, Germany
Gropius
House (1938)
Lincoln,
Massachusetts
Temple Oheb
Shalom (1960)
Baltimore, Maryland
MetLife
Building
(1963)
Manhattan, New York
JFK Federal
Building
(1966)
Boston,
Massachusetts
Porto Carras
(1980)
Chalkidiki, Greece
WINSTON
CHURCHILL
 “WE SHAPE our buildings, and afterwards
they shape us.”
 British
 Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill was a
statesman, orator, author, and historian.
 “There is no doubt whatever about the
influence of architecture and structure upon
human character and action. We make our
buildings and afterwards they make us.
They regulate the course of our lives.”
SPECIAL MENTIONS
ADRIAN SMITH

 "When I design a building, I wanted it to

look as if it could only exist in this location.“
 American
 Architect of the highest building in the world
Burj Kalifa and the one will surpass it, the
Jeddah Tower.
Burj Khalifa
(2010)
Dubai, UAE
Astana Expo
City (2017)
Nur-Sultan,
Kazakhstan
ANDREA PALLADIO

 "BEAUTY will result from the form and correspondence

of the whole, with respect to the several parts, of the parts
with regard to each other, and of these again to the whole;
that the structure may appear an entire and compleat
body, wherein each member agrees with the other, and all
necessary to compose what you intend to form."
 Italian
 Andrea de pietro dell Gondola
 "The four books of Architecture"
 The MOST influential historical architect born in 1508,
Padua. He designed the Palazzo Chierecati, Vicencia, Italy.
Known as the grandest town residence.
Basilica
Palladiana
(1549)
Vicenza, Italy
Villa
Almerico-
Capra (1571)
Vicenza, Italy

- The villa’s correct

name is Villa
Almerico Capra
Valmarana, but it is
also known as "La
Rotonda", "Villa
Rotonda", "Villa
Capra", and "Villa
Almerico Capra"
Church of San
Giorgio
Maggiore
(1610)
Venice, Italy
Palazzo
Chiericati
(1680)
Vicenza, Italy
ANTOINE PREDOCK

 "Architecture is a ride - a physical ride and an

intellectual ride."
 American
 His buildings appear to have been organically grown out of the
earth
 He actually begins his building designs in clay and then bonds
his creations with the modern world of computer design
 Experts have said he brings a sense of connection and force to
his work, with spiritual interaction, movement, the natural
environment, and technology.
 "I like to think about machines and technology in relation
to landscape and architecture."
Canadian
Museum for
Human Rights
(2014)
Winnipeg, Canada
Luxu Lakes
Arts Center
(2014)
Chengdu, China
ARNE JACOBSEN

 "Clearly, if a building is not functionally

and technically in order, then it isn't
architecture either, it's just a building."
 Danish
 was a Danish architect and furniture designer
 He is noted for his sense of proportion. He is
remembered for his contribution to architectural
Functionalism as well as for the worldwide
success he enjoyed with simple but effective chair
designs.
ARNE JACOBSEN

 "The primary factor is proportions.“

 "If a building becomes architecture, then it
is art.“
 "Architecture tends to consume everything
else, it has become one's entire life.“
Bellavista
Housing
Estate (1934)
Klampenborg,
Denmark
- Example of a
Bauhaus Architecture
Bellevue
Teatret (1936)
Klampenborg,
Denmark
ARTHUR ERICKSON

 "Space has always been the spiritual

dimension of architecture. It is not the
physical statement of the structure so much as
what it contains that moves us."
 Canadian
 was a Canadian architect and urban planner.
 His work balanced the style of modernism with an
integration of the surrounding natural environment.
 Invented the “Stramp”.
 "Rationalism is the enemy of art, though necessary as
a basis for architecture."
ARTHUR ERICKSON

 "No amount of thought can ever reveal what

comes unexpectedly.“
 "Architecture doesn't come from theory. You don't
think your way through a building.“
 "Great buildings that move the spirit have always
been rare. In every case they are unique, poetic,
products of the heart.“
 "The heart, not the head, must be the guide.“
 "Illusion is needed to disguise the emptiness within.“
 "Vitality is radiated from exceptional art and
architecture.“
Museum of
Anthropology
at UBC (1949)
Vancouver, Canada
Roy Thomson
Hall (1982)
Toronto, Canada
Robson
Square (1983)
Vancouver, Canada
- The famous stramp
is used
Law Courts
(Vancouver)
(1983)
Vancouver, Canada
San Diego
Convention
Center (1989)
San Diego,
California
San Diego
Convention
Center (1989)
San Diego,
California
Fresno City
Hall (1991)
Fresno, California
Museum of
Glass (2002)
Tacoma, Washington
AUGUST ENDELL

 German
 was a designer, writer, teacher, and German
architect.
 He was one of the founders of the Jugendstil
movement, the German counterpart of Art
Nouveau.
AUGUSTE PERRET

 "Any project is bad if it is more complicated

to construct than necessary.“
 French
 a French architect and a pioneer of the
architectural use of reinforced concrete.
 "Truth is indispensable to Architecture and
Architectural lie concepts."
Église Notre
Dame du
Raincy (1923)
Le Raincy, France
Église Notre
Dame du
Raincy (1923)
Le Raincy, France
Palais d'lena
(1939)
Paris, France
Tour Perret
(1954)
Amiens, Paris
BEN VAN BERKEL

 "Architecture falls between art and airports.

It's pragmatic-it helps you get from point A
to point B. But it also works as art. It makes
you think twice. It inspires you. It brings you
back to yourself."
 Dutch
 He places conceptual discipline and social
formations above technology.
 "Ideas can come while reading a good
novel."
Erasmus
Bridge (1996)
Rotterdam,
Netherlands
Mercedes
Benz Museum
(2006)
Stuttgart, Germany
Scotts Tower
(2016)
Scotts Rd, Singapore
BERNARD TSCHUMI

 "Architecture is not so much a knowledge of form, but a

form of knowledge."
 Swiss-French-American
 Argued that there is no fixed relationship between
architectural form and the events that take place within it.
 He emphasized the establishment of a non-hierarchical
architecture to achieve balance through programmatic and
spatial devices.
 Tschumi’s style of design is often an integration of linear
and curvature forms in his architecture.
 "To really appreciate architecture, you may even need
to commit a murder.“
Acropolis
Museum
(2009)
Athens, Greece
Carnal Hall at
Le Rosey
(2014)
Rolle, Switzerland
Binhai Science
Museum
(2019)
Tianjin, China
BJARKE INGLES

 “For me, architecture is the means, not the

end. It’s a means of making different life
forms possible.”
 Danish
 widely known for buildings that defy
convention while incorporating sustainable
development principles and bold sociological
concepts.
VM Houses
(2005)
Copenhagen,
Denmark
Mountain
Dwellings
(2008)
Copenhagen,
Denmark
8 House
(2010)
Copenhagen,
Denmark
Danish
Maritime
Museum
(2013)
Helsingør, Denmark
Superkilen
(2015)
Copenhagen,
Denmark
Superkilen
(2015)
Copenhagen,
Denmark
VIA 57 West
Apartments
(2016)
Manhattan, New York
LEGO House
(2017)
Billund, Denmark
Copenhill
(2019)
Copenhagen,
Denmark
Vancouver
House (2020)
Vancouver, Canada
CASS GILBERT

 "Beware of overconfidence especially in a

matter of structure.“
 American
 He follows beaux-arts mode which refers to
eclectic design on a monumental decade.
 "A skyscraper is a machine that makes the
land pay."
Woolworth
Building
(1913) Manhattan,
New York
 Tallest building
during the year
1913 to 1930
 Chrysler
dethroned it, then
Empire state
dethroned
Chrysler after a
year. The first
structure to go
beyond 100 floors.
New York Life
Building
(1928)
Manhattan, New York
U.S. Supreme
Court
Building
(1935)
Washington, DC
CESAR PELLI

 "The desire to reach for the sky runs very

deep in the human psyche."
 Argentine-American
 His aim was to create a new type of architecture
that responded to new functions, materials,
technologies, and social systems of the time.
 His projects displayed a fascination with
abstract, crystalline glass shapes shot through
with lines of colored stone or metal.
Brookfield
Place (1992)
Manhattan, New York
Key Tower
(1992)
Ohio, Cleveland
One Canada
Square (1998)
London, England
Petronas
Towers (1998)
Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
- According to the
Council on Tall
Buildings and Urban
Habitat's official
definition and
ranking, they were
the tallest buildings
in the world from
1998 to 2004 when
they were surpassed
by Taipei 101
The National
Museum of
Art, Osaka
(2004)
Osaka, Japan
UniCredit
Tower (2012)
Milan, Italy
Gran Torre
Santiago
(2013)
Providencia, Chile
CHARLES CORREA

 "Certainly architecture is concerned with much

more than just its physical attributes. It is a many-
layered thing. Beneath and beyond the strata of
function and structure, materials and texture, lie
the deepest and most compulsive layers of all."
 Indian
 Architect and urban planner, credited with the creation
of modern architecture in post-Independent India
 He was celebrated for his sensitivity to the needs of
the urban poor and for his use of traditional methods
and materials.
Kanchanjung
a Apartments
(1974)
Mumbai, India
Jawahar Kala
Kendra (1991)
Jaipur, India
British
Council (1992)
New Delhi, India
Ismaili Centre
(2014)
Toronto, Canada
CHARLES
L'ÉPLATTENIER
 Swiss
 Charles L'Éplattenier was a Swiss painter and
architect who created the Swiss version of Art
Nouveau, called Style Sapin.
 His students and collaborators included Léon
Gallet, and the young Le Corbusier.
 Le Corbusier called him "my master“.
CHARLES RENNIE
MACKINTOSH
 "Life is the leaves which shape and
nourish a plant, but art is the flower
which embodies its meaning"
 Scottish
 Scottish architect and designer who was
prominent in the arts and crafts movement in
Great Britain.
 Principal exponent of the "BRITISH ART
NOUVEAU"
Glasglow
School of Art
(1845)
Glasglow, Scotland
FAZLUR RAHMAN
KHAN
 “The technical man must not be lost in
his own technology. He must be able to
appreciate life, and life is art, drama,
music, and most importantly, people.”
 Bangladeshi – Pakistani – American
 Structural engineer and Architect, who initiated
important structural systems for skyscrapers.
 Considered the "father of tubular designs" for
high-rises, Khan was also a pioneer in computer-
aided design.
John Hancock
Center (1969)
Chicago, Illinois
Willis Tower
(1973)
Chicago, Illinois
Onterie
Center (1986)
Chicago, Illinois
FELIX CANDELA

 “Every work of art is an interpretation of the world,

of what you are thinking; a realization of your
perception which creates and attempts a different
world. In the end, a work of art is merely an offering
to art.”
 Spanish-Mexican
 He is known for his significant role in the development of
Mexican architecture and structural engineering.
 The standout feature of many of his projects is the use of the
hyperbolic paraboloid, a geometric shape that became a staple of
Candela’s projects.
 MOST CONCRETE ARCHITECT/ENGINEER OF THE
AGE
Church of San
Jose Obrero
(1887)
Nuevo Leon, Mexico
Hotel Casino
de la Selva
(1931)
Cuernavaca, Mexico
Cosmic Rays
Pavilion
(1951) Mexico
City, Mexico
Church of
Our Lady of
the
Miraculous
Medal (1955)
Mexico City, Mexico
The
Jacaranda
Nightclub
(1957)
Acapulco, Mexico
El Altillo
Chapel (1958)
Mexico City, Mexico
La Capilla de
Palmira en
Cuernavaca
Tres de Mayo
(1958)
Cuernavaca, Mexico
Restaurant
Los
Manantiales
(1958)
Mexico City, Mexico
The roof of
Bacardi Rum
Factory (1960)
San Juan, Puerto
Rico
Palacio de los
Deportes
(1968)
Mexico City, Mexico
L'Oceanografi
c (2003)
Valencia, Spain
GEOFFREY BAWA

 “Architecture cannot be totally

explained but must be experienced.”
 Sri Lankan
 was widely regarded as the father of Sri Lankan
Architecture
 He was among the most influential Asian
architects of his generation.
 Globally known as the master of 'tropical
modernism'
Lunuganga
(1997)
Bentota, Sri Lanka
Sri Lankan
Parliament
Building
(1983)
Sri Jayawardenepura
Kotte, Sri Lanka
Sri Lankan
Parliament
Building
(1983)
Sri Jayawardenepura
Kotte, Sri Lanka
GUNNAR ASPLAND

 Swedish
 mostly known as a key representative of Nordic
Classicism of the 1920s
 During the last decade of his life as a major
proponent of the modernist style which made
its breakthrough in Sweden at the Stockholm
International Exhibition.
Stockholm
Public
Library
(1928)
Stockholm, Sweden
HASSAN FATHY

 "Build your architecture from what is

beneath your feet."
 Egyptian
 was a pioneer for modern Islamic architecture and the
appropriate use of technology.
 He focused primarily on architecture for the poor with
ancient design methods, materials, and sensibility.
 reestablish the use of adobe and traditional mud
construction as opposed to western building designs,
material configurations, and lay-outs.
 "Tradition is the social equivalent of personal habit."
Gourna
Village (1952)
Luxor, Egypt
Gourna
Village (1952)
Luxor, Egypt
New Baris
Village (1962)
Kharga, Egypt
HECTOR GUIMARD

 French
 was a French architect and designer, and a
prominent figure of the Art Nouveau style.
 He achieved early fame with his design for the
Castel Beranger, the first Art Nouveau
apartment building in Paris.
Castel
Béranger
(1898)
Paris, France
- the first Art
Nouveau apartment
building in Paris.
An Entrance
to the Paris
Métropolitain
(1902-1913)
Paris, France
- Guimard designed
141 entrances to the
Paris Métro of
varying types, 86 of
which are still
standing.
HENDRIK PETRUS
BERLAGE
 Dutch
 was influenced by the Neo-Romanesque
brickwork architecture of Henry Hobson
Richardson.
 Considered the "Father of Modern
architecture" in the Netherlands and the
intermediary between the Traditionalists and the
Modernists, Berlage's theories inspired most
Dutch architectural groups of the 1920s,
including the Traditionalists, the Amsterdam
School, De Stijl and the New Objectivists.
Beurs van
Berlage (1903)
Amsterdam,
Netherlands
HENRY
RICHARDSON
 "Continuity, Permanence and Power of
the Building to embody a heroic
attitude."
 American
 was an American architect, best known for his
work in a style that became known as
Richardsonian Romanesque.
 Along with Louis Sullivan and Frank Lloyd
Wright, Richardson is one of "the recognized
trinity of American architecture".
New York
Asylum (1870)
Buffalo, New York
Trinity
Church (1877)
Boston,
Massachusetts
Marshall
Field's
Wholesale
Store (1885)
Chicago, Illinois
- Became the
inspiration for Louis
Sullivan’s Auditorium
building.
New York
State Capitol
(1899) Albany,
New York
New York
State Capitol
(1899) Albany,
New York
IVAR TENGBOM

 Sweden
 was a Swedish architect and one of the best-
known representatives of the Swedish neo-
classical architecture of the 1910s and 1920s.
Högalid
Church (1923)
Stockholm, Sweden
Stockholm
Concert Hall
(1926)
Stockholm, Sweden
J.J.P. Oud

 Dutch
 Jacobus Johannes Pieter Oud.
 His fame began as a follower of the De Stijl
movement.
 As a young architect, he was influenced by
Berlage, and studied under Theodor Fischer in
Munich for a time
 he was considered one of the four greatest
modern architects (along with Ludwig Mies van
der Rohe, Walter Gropius and Le Corbusier)
Kiefhoek
House
Museum
(1930)
Rotterdam,
Netherlands
National
Monument
Amsterdam
(1956)
Amsterdam,
Netherlands
Cafe De Unie
(1986)
Rotterdam,
Netherlands
JOSEPH MARIA
OLBRICH
 Austrian
 was an Austrian architect and one of the Vienna
Secession founders.
Secession
Building
(1898)
Vienna, Austria
- an architectural
manifesto for the
Vienna Secession, a
group of rebel artists
that seceded from the
long-established fine
art institution.
LUCIO COSTA

 "I am a Capitalist nor Socialist, I am

not Religious or an Atheist."
 Brazilian – was born in France
 carried Brazilian Architecture into Modern.
 Lúcio Marçal Ferreira Ribeiro Lima Costa was
a Brazilian architect and urban planner, best
known for his plan for Brasília.
 "Each one sees whatever he wishes to see"
Brazil House
(Maison du
Brésil) (1957)
Paris, France
Brasilia TV
Tower (1967)
Brasilia, Brazil
MOSHE SAFDIE

 "Architecture is not about building the impossible,

which we can do if we have enough money and enough
tools and enough computers. It is about building what
is appropriate and about attaining beauty through
such an approach. I describe this premise as 'inherent
buildability', and I believe it is central to what I do."
 Canadian-Israeli-American
 an architect, urban planner, educator, theorist, and author who claims
Israeli, Canadian and American citizenship.
 best known for designing Habitat ’67 at the site of Expo 67, a year-
long international exhibition in Montreal.
 "Architecture should be rooted in the past, and yet be part of
our own time and forward looking."
MOSHE SAFDIE

 "Architecture has joined the world of

fashion, but fashion is passing and
architecture is timeless.“
 "He who seeks truth shall find beauty. He who
seeks beauty shall find vanity. He who seeks
order shall find gratification. He who seeks
gratification shall be disappointed. He who
considers himself the servant of his fellow
beings shall find the joy of self-expression. He
who seeks self-expression shall fall into the pit
of arrogance."
MOSHE SAFDIE

 "The greatest satisfaction, I think, is

when a building opens and the public
possesses it and you cut the umbilical
cord and you see it taking on its own
life. There’s no greater satisfaction.“
 "There is a profound ethic to architecture
which is different from the other arts.“
 "Architecture is changing faster than some
other professions."
Habitat 67
(1967)
Montreal, Quebec,
Canada
National
Gallery of
Canada (1988)
Ottawa, Canada
Ottawa City
Hall (1994)
Ottawa, Canada
United States
Institute of
Peace
Headquarters
(2011)
Washington, DC
The
Kauffman
Center (2011)
Kansas City,
Missouri
The
Kauffman
Center (2011)
Kansas City,
Missouri
Marina Bay
Sands (2011)
Bayfront Ave,
Singapore
Marina Bay
Sands (2011)
Bayfront Ave,
Singapore
Eling
Residence
(2017)
Chongqing, China
Jewel Changi
Airport (2018)
Changi, Singapore
Jewel Changi
Airport (2018)
Changi, Singapore
The Altair
Tower (2018)
Colombo, Sri Lanka
- Tallest building in
Sri Lanka
National
Campus for
the
Archaeology
of Israel
(2019) Jerusalem,
Israel
Raffles City
(2019)
Chongqing, China
Raffles City
(2019)
Chongqing, China
NICOLA SALVI

 "Water from a fountain quenches the

excessive heat which would destroy
this life. Thus water can be called the
only everlasting source of continuous
being."
 Italian
 was an Italian architect; among his few projects
completed is the famous Trevi fountain in
Rome, Italy.
Trevi Fountain
(1762)
Rome, Italy
- designed by Italian
architect Nicola Salvi
and completed by
Giuseppe Pannini and
several others.
Standing 26.3 metres
high and 49.15 metres
wide, it is the largest
Baroque fountain in
the city and one of
the most famous
fountains in the
world.
PETER BEHRENS

 "When Change Needs, Ask a Stranger“

 German
 SCRAPPED CLASSICISM
 He was called "MASTER'S MASTER“
 His students are Le Corbusier, Van der Rohe, Walter
Gropius.
 Famous for industrial Architecture
 "Design is not about decorating functional forms - it
is about creating forms that accord with the character
of the object and that show new technologies to
advantage."
AEG Turbine
Factory (1909)
Berlin, Germany
ROBERT ADAM

 "We show wisdom by a decent

conformity to social etiquette; it is
excess of neatness or display that
creates dandyism in men, and
coquetry in women."
 British
 An important Scottish architect who was
particularly known for his interiors based on
classical decoration.
Osterley Park
(1576)
Isleworth, England
Osterley Park
(1576)
Isleworth, England
SANTIAGO
CALATRAVA
 "The architect is not only the director,
but he is the composer. And, as a
composer, the architect brings a sense of
creativity to each building."
 Spanish
 is a Spanish architect, structural engineer, sculptor
and painter, particularly known for his bridges
supported by single leaning pylons, and his
railway stations, stadiums, and museums, whose
sculptural forms often resemble living organisms.
SANTIAGO
CALATRAVA
 "I have tried to get close to the frontier
between architecture and sculpture and to
understand architecture as an art.“
 "I am always searching for more light and
space.“
 "Technology is a vocabulary and a language
in which you can say many things.“
Alamillo
Bridge (1992)
Seville, Spain
City of Arts
and Sciences
(Ciudad de las
Artes y las
Ciencias)
(1998)
Valencia, Spain
City of Arts
and Sciences
(Ciudad de las
Artes y las
Ciencias)
(1998)
Valencia, Spain
L'Hemisfèric
(1998)
Valencia, Spain
Museu de les
Ciències
Príncipe
Felipe (2000)
Valencia, Spain
L'Umbracle
(2001)
Valencia, Spain
L'Oceanografi
c (2003)
Valencia, Spain
Palacio de las
Artes Reina
Sofia (2005)
Valencia, Spain
Pont de
l'Assut de l'Or
(Bridge above
Turia, Gold
Assut Bridge)
(2008) Valencia,
Spain
L'Agora
(2009)
Valencia, Spain
Milwaukee
Art Museum
(2001)
Milwaukee,
Wisconsin
Auditorio de
Tenerife
“Adán
Martín”
(2003) Santa Cruz
Tenerife, Spain
Athens
Olympic Park
(2004)
Marousi, Athens
Athens
Olympic
Stadium
(2004)
Marousi, Athens
Olympic
Velodrome
(2004)
Marousi, Athens
Plaza of the
Nations (2004)
Marousi, Athens
Sundial
Bridge at
Turtle Bay
(2004)
Redding, California
Turning Torso
(2005)
Malmö, Sweden
Chord Bridge
(2008)
Jerusalem, Israel
Samuel
Beckett
Bridge (2009)
Dublin, Ireland
Liège-
Guillemins
railway
station (2009)
Liège, Belgium
Peace Bridge
(2012)
Alberta, Canada
Margaret
Hunt Hill
Bridge (2012)
Dallas, Texas
Innovation,
Science, &
Technology
Building (IST)
(2014)
Lakeland, Florida
Museu do
Amanhã
(Museum of
Tomorrow)
(2015)
Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
World Trade
Center
Transportatio
n Hub (2016)
Vesey Street, New
York
SIR CHRISTOPHER
WREN
 "Architecture Aims At Eternity.“
 English
 was one of the most highly acclaimed English
architects in history, as well as an anatomist,
astronomer, geometer, and mathematician-
physicist.
 Architect of St. Paul's Cathedral.
 "Variety of uniformities makes complete
beauty."
Hampton
Court Palace
(1514)
London, England
Monument to
the Great Fire
of London
(1677)
London, England
St. Paul's
Cathedral
(1708)
London, England
SVEN MARKELIUS

 Swedish
 was a Swedish modernist architect
 Markelius played an important role in the post-
war urban planning of Stockholm.
VICTOR HORTA

 “There are no straight lines in its

design; all the lines are curving.”
 Belgian
 Belgium's GREATEST Art Nouveau Architect
 one of the founders of the Art Nouveau
movement.
 His Hôtel Tassel in Brussels built in 1892–1893, is
often considered the first Art Nouveau house, and,
along with three of his other early houses, is listed
as a UNESCO World Heritage Site
Hôtel Tassel
(1894)
Brussels, Belgium
Hôtel van
Eetvelde
(1900)
Brussels, Belgium
Hôtel Solvay
(1900)
Brussels, Belgium
Horta
Museum
(1904
Brussels, Belgium
WALLAS HARRISON

 American
 Introduced "Thermal Glass“
 He is best known for executing large public
projects in New York City and upstate
 Led the design team in the UN Headquarters
project which was Le Corbusier and Oscar
Niemeyer was under his team.
Trylon and
Perishphere
(1939)
New York
The Egg
(building)
(1978)
Albany, New York
Cultural
Education
Center (1978)
Albany, New York
WELLS COATES

 "Simplicity and functionality is the

essence of a design."
 British-Canadian-English
 He was, for most of his life, an expatriate
Canadian who is best known for his work in
England
 the most notable of which is the Modernist
block of flats known as the Isokon building in
Hampstead
Isokon Flats
(1934)
London, England
Embassy
Court (1936)
Brighton, England