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Emergence and Development of Knowledge Subject and Curriculum in Intellectual Context

1. Knowledge has progressed through four major revolutions: the emergence of schools, the invention of writing scripts, the printing press, and electronic technologies. 2. The first revolution involved shifting education from the family to schools called ashrams, where oral learning was emphasized. 3. The second revolution introduced written scripts, allowing knowledge to spread through reading and writing in addition to oral teachings. 4. The third revolution was the invention of the printing press, which enabled widespread publication and distribution of knowledge. 5. The fourth and current revolution involves electronic technologies that have transformed education through computers, internet-based learning, and multimedia resources.

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779 views9 pages

Emergence and Development of Knowledge Subject and Curriculum in Intellectual Context

1. Knowledge has progressed through four major revolutions: the emergence of schools, the invention of writing scripts, the printing press, and electronic technologies. 2. The first revolution involved shifting education from the family to schools called ashrams, where oral learning was emphasized. 3. The second revolution introduced written scripts, allowing knowledge to spread through reading and writing in addition to oral teachings. 4. The third revolution was the invention of the printing press, which enabled widespread publication and distribution of knowledge. 5. The fourth and current revolution involves electronic technologies that have transformed education through computers, internet-based learning, and multimedia resources.

Uploaded by

Jini Vinil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

EMERGENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF KNOWLEDGE SUBJECT AND

CURRICULUM IN INTELLECTUAL CONTEXT


Introduction

Man passed several stages in the March towards


civilization. First as gatherer of food like fruits, roots and nuts in the forest,then
successively as hunter,user of stone tools,domestication of animals etc and man
finally learnt to settle down in the river valley plains as groups during which
civilization started developing at a faster [Link] started using sound signals and
sign language to communicate among themselves slowly spoken language evolved.
People living in various parts of the world developed different languages to speak.
Knowledge revolutions that took place could be put under the following four
headings:
1. Origin of schools
[Link] of scripts
[Link] of printing machines
[Link] of electronic gadgets
First Revolution

 The first revolution was shifting the responsibility of teaching children from the
family to schools.
 On reaching a particular age,children were taken to teachers home they were
called Ashrams and made to stay there and learn from gurukula system of
education
 Instruction was mainly oral,listening, memorizing, reciting and discussion
formed the learning activity and oral explanation, demonstration and logical
debate as teaching activities.
Second Revolution

 The second revolution was the development of letters to the spoken sounds and
teaching children with words,formed by combining letters
 The practice of single teacher teaching all he knows like medicine, astronomy,
astrology, marital arts,government administration etc came in to existence.
 In addition to learning through words of mouth, learning by reading palm leaves,
writing and copying were encouraged.
 Learning slowly spread and progress in knowledge gained momentum.
Third Revolution

 The third revolution is the invention of printing machine This enabled teachers
living in different parts of the world publish what all they know in the printed
form and thus knowledge spread across the globe.
 Knowledge of the people became wider,varied and [Link] books reached all
the nook and corner of the world
 It revealed teachers and students of the burden of copying from the burden of
copying from the papyrus or palm leaves.
 Learning has become no more tedious [Link] students from far places were
attracted to world famous universities which came in to existence in places like
Taxita and Nalanda.
Fourth Revolution

 The fourth revolution that took place in the progress of knowledge is the
heralding of electronics with a bang.
 In particular self learning devices like teaching machines and computers helped
most besides the electronic gadgets like radio, audio cassettes, video cassettes etc
to change from teacher centered education to learner centered education.
 Efforts are being made continuously to develop school and higher education
curriculum adopting multi disciplinary approach.
 The barriers of academic disciplines have been shattered due to inter disciplinary
approach in education and new disciplines are emerging.
 Curriculum construction too is moving towards interdisciplinary approach.
Today online education, virtual classrooms and
universities, educational programmes broadcast through audio visual media,
consultations and interviews with experts at the global level through video-
conferencing and lectures and panel discussions through broadcast and telecast have
revolutionized education. Today we are moving towards knowledge responsible
society. Learner centered education is being applauded today
Conclusion

Summing up intellectual context have greatly helped in


the emergence and development of knowledge, subjects and curriculum enabling
them to strive for higher levels. Social environment in the initial stages of human
civilization.,social and political environments in the pre-modern society and political
environments in the pre-modern society and during the modern and post-modern
periods political and intellectual context played important roles in the development of
knowledge, disciplines and curriculum.

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