LEARNING AND
TEACHING
Submitted by
ANNIE TERRENCE
[Link] first year
department of ENGLISH
Interpersonal approaches to
classroom management
Classroom management?
• Classroom management is maintaining order in the classroom.
• Promoting systematic standard to handle students attention.
• Classroom management is creative. It creates both the best
situation in which the students can learn and the teacher can teach.
• It is directly linked to the student academic achievement, teacher
efficacy & student behaviour.
Why is classroom management
important?
• Its primary purpose is to gain control of the classroom.
• Effective classroom display clearly understood & monitored rules
and procedures.
• Students expectations are explained and implemented.
• Teachers need to create an environment that promotes learning.
• Teachers are responsible for helping students manage & direct their
own learning.
General principles of effective
classroom management
Brophy(1983) states some general principles for good
classroom management.
• Willingness of the teacher to accept responsibility.
• Solution-oriented approaches to problems.
• Check to see if symptomatic behaviour is caused by
underlying personal problems(impulsivity,lack of
awareness,home problems,etc.)
….continues
• Invoke consequences in a calm manner
• Comment only a students behaviour,not personal traits
• Teach students to make appropriate choices.
• Organize teaching activities to avoid boredom and wasted time.
• Provide ample opportunities to students to experience success and
receive recognition.
Strategies for classroom
management
• Planning
• Organization
• Communication
• Motivation
• Monitoring
Classroom management
approaches
• Self-discipline approach
Students can be trusted to evaluate & change their actions.
• Instructional approach
Well-planned and well-implemented instruction will prevent
classroom problems.
• Desist approach
Gives full responsibility for regulating the classroom
• Burden’s(1995) approach…continues
Intervening model:-
High control approach.
Includes behaviour modification,assertive discipline….
Interacting model:-
Medium-control approach.
Includes logical consequences,cooperative discipline,non-coersive
discipline…
Guiding model:-
Low control approach.
Includes congruent communication,group management,discipline
as self-control,teaching with love & logic…
General goals of classroom
management
• To make ample time for learning.
• To improve the quality of time use by keeping students actively
engaged.
• To make sure participation structures are clear,straightforward,and
consistently signaled.
• To encourage student self-management,self-control and
responsibility.
• To create a learning environment which is conducive to learning.
• To develop in students a sense of responsibility and self-regulation
in maintaining it.
Behaviour modification approach
• Behaviour is shaped by its consequences,not by its causes
of problems in the history of the individual or by group
conditions.
• Behaviour is strengthened by immediate
[Link] reinforcements take away or stop
something that student does’t like.
• Behaviour is weakened if not followed by reinforcement.
Acceptance approach
It identifies 4 mistaken goals.
Attention getting:-They want other students or the teacher to pay
attention to them.
Power seeking:-Their defiance is expresses in
arguing,contradicting, teasing, temper tantrums,& low-level hostile
behaviour.
Revenge seeking:-To hurt others to make up for being hurt or
feeling rejected & loved.
Withdrawal:-If students feel helpless & rejected,the goal of their
behaviour may become withdrawal from the social situation,rather
than confrontation.
conclusion
• Effective classroom strategies lead to control of classroom where
disruptions are likely to occur.
• Ineffective classroom strategies lead to a loss of control in classroom
and may lead to teacher burnout.
