BSE -1C

THE PHILIPPINES IN
THE 19TH CENTURY AS
RIZAL’S
CONTEXT
A report presentation

Visuals and Presented by: Prince Maaño, Cristina Zapanta

Objectives and Contents

Analyze the various Understand Describe the economic, Analysis,Applic

social, political, Jose Rizal in political, cultural, and ation,and
economic, and the context religious development ofAssessment
cultural changes of this time. the 19th
that century that influenced
occurred in the Rizal growth as a
19th century. nationalist and
conditioned the
evolutions of his
thought.
The Political, Economic, and
Socio-Cultural Changes
during the 19th Century
The Political, Economic, and Socio-
Cultural Changes during the 19th
Century

Political Changes Economic Socio-Cultural

New reform of Constitutions Continuous building of Both menChanges
and women have
Changes
since before 20th century. roads, railroads, and other equal rights made by
(e.g. 1899 Malolos transports until now(21st modern civilized society.
Constitution, 1935, 1943, century).
1973, and 1987
Constitution)
New government system Western influence impacted Preservation of traditions,
being the economy through cultures, and indigenous
administered(Republican arising jobs, businesses, and groups in every region
Government). corporates. around the country.
Provided prorection of Expanded education system Everyone can learn
human rights and freedom (e.g. ALS, K-12, & technical- regardless of race, age,
of expression with the help vocational learning) status, condition, and
of UN and CHR. gender.
There's a transparency Inevitable challenges in Multicultural society(e.g.
between the government globalization(e.g. diversed ethnicities,
and the citizens. Pandemics, economical interracial relationships,
crisis, natural disasters). families, friends)
The Political, Economic, and
Socio-Cultural Changes during
the 19th Century

Political Changes Economic Socio-Cultural

New governtment Inevitable abuse and Global commincation
Changes
Changes
interdependent branches: corruption among through new innovation,
the legislative business, corporates, and networking, and
branch , the executive illegal activites(e.g. technology(e.g. social
branch, and the judicial drug/arms dealing, fraud, media platforms, gadgets,
branch. scam, abuse of and telecoms).
employees/modern
slavery) that slumps the
economic progress.
New military and law One of the largest Continuous trends come
enforcers after the exportation of fruits from different cultures or
occupation of spaniards, around the world.(e.g. from different ountries.
americans, and japanese. coconuts, mango, (fashion, arts, technology,
(e.g. AFP, PNP) pineapples, and bananas) music, and lifestyles).
Jose Rizal's Context In 19th
Century(Renato
Constantino)
Renato
Constantino
“Veneration without understanding,
hence no veneration at all."
As quoted by Renato Constantino, to
show respect, one must be understanding.
Without understanding, you never show
respect at all.
The Context of Philippine
Society In 19th Century
During The Spanish Era
Jose Rizal In The Context of
Cathollicism was Philippine Society in 19th The Filipino Hacienderos,
brought by the Century Friars and even the
friars, missionaries, inquillinos benefited the
and explorers from most since they owned and
Spain since 16th control big plantation that
century as an produces agricultural
exchange for goods that were exported
trading resources to other countries. The
and cultures with conflict rose as the friars
pre-colonial native were losing their influence
filipino clans on to the politics due to
several islands in increading land gain and
the Philippines. rent fee from the
inquillinos.
In the Cadiz
Constitution,
The Philippine citizenship was only
Educational system in given to those living
the 19th century used in the colony of
Spanish as a medium of Spaniard excluding to
instruction. Education that is the Filipinos
was focused on reading, whom they considered
writing, and arithmetic. as Indio.
Jose Rizal In The Context of
The agony of exploitation Philippine Society in 19th
and abuse of power
leads to unstable
Century
government Filipinos during that time
administration due to were powerless, they
corrupt officials of the cannot even represent
government and the
themselves in courts,
supremacy of friars
during their time in our denial of justice, forced
country. labor, tribute, and
bandala, and abusive
Unfortunately, the cry of Guardia Civil. This is where
reformists(illustrados) did the middle class starts to
not happen because in reform and revolt for
the Cadiz constitution independence.
The rise of nationalist
what only given to the movement would not be
meztizos(white or possible without economic
spanish mixed race), growth in the 19th century.
black and Rizal and the reformists
mulattos/black mixed despite their failure
race were civil rights attempt, were respected by
and not automatic the revolutionists like
citizenship for Andres Bonifacio and
indigenous people. Emilio Jacinto.
"Being educated is
being equal to
Spaniards...."

The idea of liberalism spread out in the 19th century

and Rizal captivated this idea and praying that the
Philippines will soon be considered as one of the
provinces of Spain and Filipinos would have the same
rights as to what with the Spaniard.
Analysis, Application, and
Assessment
Analysis
1. What does it mean “Being educated is being equal to the Spaniards"?

Filipinos who have opportunities to learn and become knowledgable about

the society or being educated elite(illustrados) can attain the same equal
rights to live, express and socialize along with the middle class or upper class
people, especially the spaniards.

2. How is citizenship was given during 19th century?

It was only given to those who are mixed races, elites, educated, and for
those who live in the colony of Spain and not for indigenous people and
Filipino Indios as stated by the Cadiz Constitution.(e.g. Pure blood spaniards,
Meztizos, Mulattos, Illustrados)
Analysis

3. Describe the Philippines during the 19th century according to Dr. Jose P.
Rizal?

Many Filipinos lost their real national identity and had no spirit of
nationalism to fight for their rights, liberty, and independence due to the
strong politics and ifluence of the Spanish Monarch. Jose wrote his two
infamous novels(Noli Me Tangére and El Filibusterismo) as despictions of
inequality, abuse of power and authority; and slavery against all
powerless Filipinos. It was intended to be written to enlighten and awake
the Filipinos' nationalism.
ASSESSMENT
Write a reflection
about the film.
"Ganito Kami Noon,
Paano Kayo
Ngayon?" (1976)
A Musical film by
Eddie Romero
Assessment
"Ganito Kami Noon, Paano Kayo Ngayon?"
(1976)
A film by Eddie Romero

Nicolas Ocampo, also known as "Kulas",was a happy Filipino Indio faced alot of
misfortunes in his life in the Philippines during 19th century. Betrayed, misunderstood,
bellitled, he experienced harsh punishment, and got imprisoned. He was powerless, lack of
knowledge about his national identity, and was misguided by the people who despise the
Filipinos. Many Filipinos were represented in the film aside from spaniards and americans
such as warriors, travelers, bandits, artists, masters, slaves, prisoners, poor, and many
more.

His character as a whole, represents all the suffering of every single Filipino experienced
during the colonization of Spain since 16th century to 19th century before the revolt of
Filipino nationalists and the colonization of United States of America that caused another
war against Spaniards and Filipinos.
Assessment
"Ganito Kami Noon, Paano Kayo Ngayon?"
(1976)
A film by Eddie Romero

The chaotic society in the Philippines in 19th century burned Filipinos into ashes as
they rose again to seek justice, equality, and independence through reform and
revolution as salvation for our country. These were represented in the middle to the
last part of the film as Kulas joined the revolution as he wanted to bring freedom with
the help of other people who revolts againsts the spaniards after he escaped from
prison as he awaken his spirit of nationalism and found his identity of being a "Filipino"
nearby his hometown.

The film reminds us to never abandon or neglect our Filipino blood no matter what.
It tells us to bring love, admiration, and respect for our nationality, our motherland
and for those who bled for independence.
Cast of the Characters

Christopher de Leon as Nicolas "Kulas" Ocampo

Gloria Diaz as Matilde 'Diding' Diaz Patron
Eddie Garcia as Don Tibor
Dranreb Belleza as Bindoy
Leopoldo Salcedo as Fortunato 'Atong' Capili
Rosemarie Gil as Concordia
Johnny Vicar as Onofre 'Kidlat' Biltao
Tsing Tong Tsai as Lim
E.A. Rocha as Padre Gil Corcuera
Jaime Fabregas as Komandante George Albert
Romero
Peque Gallaga as Spanish Officer
Odette Khan as Don Tibor's wife
Laida Lim-Perez as Lim's wife
Teresita Non as Leonor
Joey Romero as Soldier
Thank you for listening...
References:
The Katipunan(KKK):
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.philippine-
history.org/katipunan.htm&ved=2ahUKEwjJqNDPiLzzAhXiwosBHV1eDg8QFnoECAQQBQ&usg=AOvVaw1BMFHwMa8PDmNzzwiOZc5m
Images: https://www.pngwing.com
https://filipiknow.net/7-myths-about-spanish-colonial-period-in-the-philippines/
Veneration without understanding:
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/15784432-veneration-without-understanding
Britanica Encyclopedia, Nationalism retrieved
from<https://www.britannica.com/topic/ideology-society> <https://www.merriamwebster.com/dictionary/premise>
https://www.britannica.com/topic/nation-state>
De Viana A. et al.,2018 pp. 10 - 11. Jose Rizal: Social Reform and Patriot, A study of his
life and times (revised edition).
Rex Bookstore
legislature, Repulics acts retrieved from
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1956/06/12/republic-act-no-1425/
Selection and the Proclamation of national Heroes And laws Honoring Filipino Historical
Figures retrieved from https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/cultureprofile/selection- and-proclamation-of-national-heroes-and-laws-hon
filipinohistorical-figures/
Schumacher 1997, 298-301; at Quibuyen 2008, 163-186)
https://www.scribd.com/presentation/369566673/19th-Century-Philippines-as-RizalsContext
https://www.slideshare.net/jombasto/19th-century-world-of-jose-ri
Genesis Felipe, Rizal in the 19th century, Philippines retrieved from
https://www.slideshare.net/MsKrabbs19/rizal-in-the-19th-century-philippines
Caballeda, K. Jan 18, 2018. 19th Century Philippines as Rizal context retrived from
https://www.scribd.com/presentation/369566673/19th-Century-Philippines-as-RizalsContex