Visual Arts

VISUA

L ARTS
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VISUAL ARTS

● "Visual Arts" is a modern but imprecise umbrella term for a

broad category of art which includes a number of artistic
disciplines from various sub-categories. Its wide ambit renders
meaningless any attempt at definition, so rather than define or
compose some diluted meaning for it, here is a list of its
constituent disciplines.
What Does Visual Art Include?
● Fine Arts- All fine art belongs to the general category of visual arts.
These include activities such as: Drawing, Painting, Printmaking and
Sculpture, along with associated activities like Graphic art,
Manuscript Illumination, Book Illustration, Calligraphy and
Architecture.
● Decorative Arts- In addition, the general category of visual arts
encompasses a number of decorative art disciplines and crafts,
including: ceramics and studio pottery,mosaic art, mobiles, tapestry,
glass art (including stained glass), and others.
ELEMENTS OF
VISUAL ART
What is Element ?
● It’s a particular part of something.

–Merriam-Webster Dictionary
● a part or aspect of something abstract, especially one that is

essential or characteristic.
● What happens to the medium after the techniques

are applied.
The Elements Of Visual Arts
1. LINE 5. SPACE
2. COLOR 6. FORM
3. TEXTURE 7. VOLUME
4. PERSPECTIVE
1. LINE
Line is an important
element at the disposal
of every artist.
Lines always have
direction.
TWO CLASSIFICATIONS OF LINE
1. STRAIGHT LINE
○ HORIZONTAL
○ VERTICAL
○ DIAGONAL
2. CURVED LINE
○ CROOKED OR JAGGED
Straight LINE
● A straight line is the basic framework of many forms, but

it lacks softness and flexibility.
HORIZONTAL LINES
● are lines repose and serenity.
● Horizontal lines are found in reclining persons, in
landscape, calm bodies of water and in the distant
meeting of the earth and sky which is called horizon.
Application Of Horizontal Line In Arts
VERTICAL LINES
● are lines that denote action.
● They suggest poise, balance, force, aspiration, exaltation, and
dynamism.
● Vertical lines also tend to express as well as arouse emotions
of exaltation and inquietude.
● The Gothic Cathedrals express the aforementioned sentiments
that possessed the soul of northern Europe- Middle Ages.
Application of VERTICAL LINES in Art
DIAGONAL LINES
● suggest action, life, and movement.
● Almost every object in action assumes a diagonal line
● As masters in any art try to perfect their technique, they are able to work more or
less instinctively, and they begin to express themselves more and more through
the freedom, buoyancy, and grace of curved lines.
CURVED LINES
● suggest grace, subtleness, direction, instability,
movement, flexibility, joyousness, and grace.
● The restrained curved lines exemplified in the woman’s
body and the bamboo stem where according to
Philippine legend, man and woman sprang by Carlos
“Botong” Francisco.
CURVED LINES
CROOKED OR
JAGGED LINES
● express energy, violence,
conflict, and struggle.
LINE
● Repetition - it occurs when two or more lines are drawn
within a corner.
LINE
● Transitional Lines - modify the sharpness of vertical and
horizontal lines giving a harmonizing effect.
Examples Of Line In Paintings
Examples Of Line In Architecture
Examples Of Line In Sculpture
2.COLOR
● Has the most aesthetic appeal of all the elements of visual

arts
● Delight in color is a universal human characteristics
● Is a property of light
● The light of the sun contains all the colors of the spectrum:
violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange and red
3 Dimensions of Color
• a) HUE ● b) VALUE ● c). INTENSITY

A).HUE
● Is the dimension of color that gives its name
● Color names such as red, blue, green, violet, and yellow
indicate hue
● Primary Hues - blue, red, and yellow
● Secondary hues - orange, green, and violet
HUE
Primary hues
Secondary hues
Tertiary hues
Warm HUEs
● Red, Orange, and Yellow

● They are associated with objects like the sun, fire, and
other sources of heat
Warm Hues In Arts
Cool HUEs
● Are those where blue predominates like green, blue-

green, blue, and blue-violet
● They cause surfaces covered with them to appear to
recede
● They suggest distance
● They are calm, sober, restful, and inconspicuous
Cool HUEs in Arts
RED
● Color of fire and blood

● Warmest, most
vigorous, and most
exciting of the colors
● It stands for passion and
energy
YELLOW
● Color of light
● Most brilliant, cheerful, and
exultant of the colors
● It suggests cheerfulness, magnificence, life and splendor
● It serves to balance the warm colors like red and orange
GREEN
Color for vegetation and symbolizes life and freshness

VIOLET
● Represents shadows and mysteries

Black
Represents despair, death and pain

Orange
● Suggests deliciousness and warmth

Blue
- Color of the sky and of deep and still water

- Coolest and the most tranquil of the colors
- It arouses the feelings of peace and quietness
B).VALUE
● Sometimes called chiaroscuro

● Refers to the lightness or darkness of a color
● It is a quality which depends on the amount of light and
dark in color
● They give the expression of depth and solidity and lend
form to paintings
VALUE
● TINTS - are values above the normal

● SHADES - are values below the normal
● Pink is a tint of red

● Maroon is a shade of red
● Sky blue is a tint
● Navy blue is a shade
Tints
Shades
C).INTENSITY
● Refers to the brightness or darkness

● It gives color strength
● Differences in intensity may be described
as full intensity, two-thirds intensity,
and two-thirds neutral
PSYCHOLOGY OF COLORS
● BLACK - Is associated with death and gloom
● WHITE - Stands for purity and innocence
● BLUE - Deemed the color of heaven
● RED - Is associated with blood, signifies anger, provokes fear, and impels
people to action
● ORANGE - Helps a person be assertive
● GREEN - Color of nature, promotes the feeling of well-being
- It implies happy and restful association and natural
abundance
3.TEXTURE
● During the 19th to 20th centuries, a high premium was

placed on very smooth surfaces and forms. A group of
painters including Cezzane, Picasso, and others
emphasized texture by purposely making portions of the
paintings rough.
● Texture is being used by sculptors, architecture, paintings,
and any other forms of art.
TEXTURE
● Two varieties of texture:
PHYSICAL TEXTURE
VISUAL TEXTURE
Examples of Texture
SMOOTH ROUGH
Examples Of Texture In Architecture
SMOOTH ROUGH
Examples Of Texture in Sculpture
SMOOTH ROUGH
4.PERSPECTIVE
● from the Latin: “perspicere” means to see through, deals

with the effect of distance upon the appearance of
objects, by means of which the EYE judges spatial
relationships. It is important in painting because volume
is to be presented on a two dimensional surface
TWO KINDS OF PERSPECTIVE
Linear Perspective
● is the representation of an appearance of distance by means of
converging lines.
TWO KINDS OF PERSPECTIVE
Aerial Perspective
● is the representation of relative distances of objects by
gradations of tone and color.
Examples Of Perspective In Paintings
Examples Of Perspective In Architecture
Examples Of Perspective In Sculpture
5.SPACE
● refers to distances or areas around,

between or within components of a
piece.
● Space can be positive (white or light)
or negative (black or dark),
open or closed, shallow or deep and tw
o-dimensional or three-dimensional.
● Sometimes space isn't actually within a
piece, but the illusion of it is.
Examples Of Space In Painting
POSITIVE SPACE NEGATIVE SPACE

Examples Of Space In Architecture
Examples Of Space In Sculpture
6.FORM
● applies to the overall design of a

work of art. It describes the
structure or shape of an object.
● directs the movement of the eyes.
● Since form consists of size and
volume, it signifies visual weight.
Circles
7.VOLUME
● Refers to the amount of space occupied in three dimensions.

● We perceive volume in two ways: by contour lines, outlines, or shapes
of objects, and by surface lights and shadows.
● Volume is the primary concern of architects because a building always
encloses a space.
● The viewer, therefore, may obtain not one but many different
impressions from a single work.
● The sculptor is also concerned with the volume.
● In painting, volume is an illusion because the surface of the canvas is
flat.
VOLUME
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Visual Arts

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VISUA

● "Visual Arts" is a modern but imprecise umbrella term for a

● It’s a particular part of something.

● a part or aspect of something abstract, especially one that is

● What happens to the medium after the techniques

● A straight line is the basic framework of many forms, but

● Has the most aesthetic appeal of all the elements of visual

• a) HUE ● b) VALUE ● c). INTENSITY

● Red, Orange, and Yellow

● Are those where blue predominates like green, blue-

● Color of fire and blood

Color for vegetation and symbolizes life and freshness

● Represents shadows and mysteries

Represents despair, death and pain

● Suggests deliciousness and warmth

- Color of the sky and of deep and still water

● Sometimes called chiaroscuro

● TINTS - are values above the normal

● Pink is a tint of red

● Refers to the brightness or darkness

● During the 19th to 20th centuries, a high premium was

● from the Latin: “perspicere” means to see through, deals

● refers to distances or areas around,

POSITIVE SPACE NEGATIVE SPACE

● applies to the overall design of a

● Refers to the amount of space occupied in three dimensions.

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