THE MEANING OF WOMEN'S

POLITICAL REPRESENTATIONS
AS LEGISLATIVE MEMBERS

Bandung , October 2021

Cualition of Indonesian Women Political – West Java
OPINION
• Why do women need politics?
• What are some issues in political equality?
• What do you know about political representation?
• What changes do women bring when they are in the parliament?
"Good democracy is not limited to
women's right to vote and be
elected, but more than that, it is the
right of women to be elected,
committed and fight for a better
life, for present and future
generations through the mechanism
of people's representation."
Why is it Important

• Half the people in Indonesia are women.

• Women are still very marginalized in
politics.
• There is an imbalance in women's
involvement in the formal political arena,
both quantity and quality.
• The presence of cultural barriers and
social frameworks that lead to the
potential and contributions that women
have are not optimal.
• Women's abandonment causes women to
not benefit from the same public policies
that result in the political process.
WHY IS IT IMPORTANT

• Female participation is one of the prerequisites and fulfillment of the

basic principles of democracy.
• Female politicians are basically part of human rights
• Fulfilling the principle of substantive representation, the extent to which
the policies produced by representatives truly meet the interests of their
constituents.
• Efforts to encourage the creation of gender equality in social roles between
men and women
WHY IS IT IMPORTANT
• Socially culturally, the issue of gender equality a rises in response to the
most patriarchy of Indonesian cultural context.
• Economic equality, the issue of gender equality, arose in response to
women's marginalization in the economic sphere that caused injustice to
the women
• The polyitical ideal, the issue of gender equality, appears in response to
the masculine and patriarchal ideologies of the state, which is reflected in
policies not yet on the side of women
WHY WOMAN NEED TO BE
INVOLVED IN POLITICS
• argument “justice” and “equality”
• “emancipation” and “change”
• “women make ‘difference’
•“symbolic”
WHY IS IT IMPORTANT

The affirmative policy dose not request a free ration of 30% in

parliament for woman
GENDER DISPARITY
PROBLEMS
Contributing factors Description
Acces Opportunities towards social, political, economic
resources

Participation Involvement in decision making

Control/ connection The power to decide how to use resources

Power/beneficiary Are women affected by social, political and

economic policies?
THE ISSUE OF EQUALITY
IN POLITICS
Female barrier Men barrier
Domestic responsibilities Lack of electoral support
Cultural attitudes toward women Lack of funding
In society
Lack of family support The lack of political support
Lack of confidence Lack of experience in representational
function, public speaking, and Links with
constituency
Lack of funding Lack of confidence
ISSUE OF EQUALITY IN
POLITICS (2)
Parliament is not a gender-friendly institution
• Equality and gender justice only occasionally or almost never
become the "mainstream" in parliament
• There are sporadic efforts to improve or modernize parliament
through promoting gender sensitivity in the parliament
• These include changes in culture and promoting rules and order
that are already in motion by accommodating specific needs of
parliament members
• Gender equality should be one measure of parliament
organization's performance
• The political parties member
selection process:
the male and female bias of proximity to
party's leader or elite party
• Support funding for female
candidates:
access to political networks, the
kaderisation of charging positions and
strategic positions in the parliament.
FAKTA KETERWAKILAN
POLITIK PEREMPUAN DI
INDONESIA (1)
FACT ABOUT WOMEN’S POLITICAL
REPRESENTATION IN INDONESIA
2208 womwn are in regulatory-
producing institutions.
who are they?
are they a potential asset or vice
versa?
does this reflect affirmative success
in Indonesia? DPR RI
18 %
(103)

DPRD PROVINSI 15.8% (318)

DPRD Kab/Kota data

416 kab/kota
11.6% (1787)
THE FACT THAT WOMEN'S POLITICAL
REPRESENTATION IN INDONESIA
Supposedly, affirmative policies are the driving force to encourage
increased representation of women in political institutions such as
parliaments and political parties, as well as the first step to open up greater
women's participation in politics

But the fact is:

Currently, women's representation is still low: 18% in the DPR, 16% in the
Provincial DPR, and 12% in the Regency/City DPR. There is a gap between
the increase in the number of members Women's DPR with its quality, due to
the policy of political parties that are "originally cute", does not carry out
debriefing or regeneration.
.
FACT OF WOMEN’S POLITICAL
REPRESENTATION IN INDONESIA

• the increase in the number of women has only

reached the level of the DPR and DPRD, while the
1 local level has not been evenly distributed

• affirmation policies that are still understood by parties

are limited to administrative aspects to meet the needs
2 of the law

• The increase in the number of women in the 2009

election results was influenced by several factors,
namely regulatory factors (sequence number
3 placement and parliamentary threshold), the women's
movement was not strong enough
HOW TO CREATE WOMEN’S
REPRESENTATION

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ef e n's r e s of
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as so rt ie s for
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Election e s
participants great to go to
en s
wom place
Political
parties
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE
POLITICAL PARTY
• The political parties is the most important
institution that influences women's political
participation.
• The political parties are the main and direct
means for women to gain elected office and
political leadership
• The structure, policies, practices and values of
the political parties have a deep impact on the
level of female participation in political life.
• The party established the issues underlying the
political debate: the party established policy,
filled public office, and determined government
priorities.
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE
POLITICAL PARTIES (2)
• The political parties are a very important arena for policy formation and
a political priority setting
• Therefore, the political parties are one of the key institutions where
gender equality and justice should be promoted
• In fact, many political parties that promise gender equality do not
running it on a practical level, and meanwhile women them selves
insufficient to be represented in policy making in the bodies of political
parties
• Support of the ruling parties are the most important factor in introducing
and making gene-oriented legislation, and this would make changes at
various levels
DAMPAK
PERUBAHAN
KEHADIRAN
PEREMPUAN DALAM
POL ITIK
the impact of changing the
presence of women in politics

changing the policy agenda and priority issues

towards social interests
• overcoming inequality in politics

increase the variety of support from women

• so that political parties are more responsive to

women's issues
THE EFFECT OF WOMEN'S
CHANGE IN POLITICS

• Changing public perception of political parties

• increases different support and access to new voter groups.
• Increase base support and attract members to the party.
• Increasing the proportion of female candidates for elected office can
increase the flow of public funds to parties.
• Increases the positive image for the party as women campaign to
establish ties with the constituents and grassroots masses.
• Promoting women's empowerment can encourage democracy and party
openness
“

THE EFFECT OF WOMEN'S

CHANGE IN POLITICS (4)
• Institusional/Prosedural : • Making parliament more friendly to women through
actions or measures that promote greater gender sensitivity

• Ensuring continued sustainability and increasing the

• Representation: number and access of women into legislative processes

• “Feminizing” legislation by ensuring that there are

women's concerns and interests are included in it
• Impact/impact on the output
(output) :
• Change the parliamentary language so that women's
perspective becomes a natural thing and at the same
time encourages public perceptions and attitudes
towards women members of parliament in particular,
• Discourse : and women in general.generally
CONCLUSION
Inequality of women's political representation in political
institutions is still an important issue
Affirmative policies are not enough to correct this inequality,
because public policies are still not sensitive to women's interests
Political parties are still the most effective way to encourage
increased political representation.
Increasing political representation is not only beneficial for
political parties and parliaments as well as for women's political
interests, but also for realizing the essence of democracy
“If democrat ignores the participation of
women, does not respond to women's voices
and limits the development of women's
rights, democracy is only for half of its
citizens”.
• Understanding the basic arguments about why women need to get
involved in politics.
• Understanding various information and empirical experiences about
women’s activities in politicals and development
• Understanding about the necessity of women’s political represtation in
a country based on empirical experience in many places
THANK YOU
Luasnya wilayah Indonesia
Indonesian
Population

260 million souls

BPS, Susenas 2014 & 2015

49.75% of Indonesia's population are women. 1/3 of
Indonesia's population (87 million) are children