Preschoolers' Physical Development: 1 of 12 Pre-Schoolers Physical Development Argel Joseph Losloso

Preschoolers’

Physical
Development

1 of 12
Module 15 Pre- Schoolers Physical Development

ARGEL JOSEPH LOSLOSO

The preschool years is
also known as “the years
before
formal schooling begins. It
covers 3-5 years old.
At this stage, the child
achieves several milestones in
life which also serve as basic
foundation of learning and
development.
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Significant Changes in
Physical Growth
At this stage,pre-
schoolers move, from
baby- likethefeatures,
remaining a more
appearance
toward of a child. slender
The child of about this age
has its center of gravity at the
lower level, right at the belly
button, which makes it easier for
them to balance themselves.
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At this stage of
around 5- 6 years, it is
the best time to learn
skills which requires
balance such as biking
and skating.
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.JENALYN MASCARDO
Gross and Fine Motor Development
Gross Motor Development refers to acquiring
skills that involve the large muscles.
It is divided into three category:
Locomotor Non-Locomotor Manipulative Skills
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JENALYN MASCARDO.
Locomotor
These are skills

which involve going
from one place to
another like walking,
running, climbing,
skipping, hopping,
creeping, galloping
and dodging.
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CAROL TOLENTINO.
Non-Locomotor
These are the skills

wherein the child
stays in place like
bending, stretching,
turning and swaying.
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CAROL TOLENTINO
Manipulative Skills
These skills
involve
projecting and
receiving
objects like
throwing,
bouncing,
catching and
dribbling.
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MADELYN LINDIO
Fine Motor Development refers to acquiring
the ability to use the smaller muscles in the
arms, hands and fingers purposefully.
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MADELYN LINDIO.
Preschoolers’
Artistic
Development
At the heart of
the preschool years
is their interest to
draw and to make
other forms of artistic
expression.
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CATHERINE LOSLOSO
Preschoolers’ Nutrition and Sleep
The preschoolers’nutritional status is the result of what

nutrients he or she actually takes in checked against the
nutritional requirement for his or her age. Obviously having too
much and too little of something both have negative effects.
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CATHERINE LOSLOSO
It is important for
preschoolers’ to get
sufficient amount of rest
and sleep.
They benefit from
about 10- 12 hours of
sleep each day.
Socio-emotional
Development
Socio- emotional development is

crucial in the preschool years. We
hear a lot of parents and teachers and
preschool administration say that
attending preschool is more for
“Socialization”.
Argel Joseph Losloso

Big Ideas on Preschooler’s Socio-
emotional development
1. The development of initiative is crucial to the
preschooler.
2.A healthy self –concept is needed for preschoolers to
interact withy others.
3.Environmental factors influence gender identity in young
children
4. Preschoolers social development is shown through
the stages of play.
5. The care- giving styles of parents and teachers
affect the preschoolers socio development
6. Preschoolers are interested in building friendships.

Preschoolers’ Initiative
o Erikson’s view of initiative portrays the emotional and

social changes that happen during the preschooler.
o Preschoolers deal with the psychological conflict of
Initiative versus guilt.
o Erickson believed that healthy preschoolers
develop initiative , the tendency to take action and
assert
themselves.
o They learn to create, invent, pretend, take risks
and engage in lively and imaginative activities with
peers.
Self- Concept and the preschooler
o Self –Concept refers to the way one sees himself, a

general view about one’s abilities, strengths and weakness.
o The preschooler’s self-concept mainly focuses
on observable characteristics and his/her usual
beliefs, emotions and attitudes
o We will hear to a preschooler say ‘Kaya ko na!(I
can do it) “ Ako lang nagsuot ng shoes ko” (I wore
my shoes all by myself).
Carol Tolentino
Parten’s stages of play
Play is the main agenda of the preschool year.

Play has a social dimension. As the
preschooler delop, social interaction with
playmates increases.
Madelyn Lindio
Parten’s stages of play
1. Unoccupied
2. Onlooker
3. Solitary play
4. Parallel play
5. Associative play
6. Cooperative
Catherine Losloso
Frienship in Preschool
o Become interested in having friends
oAble to practice different social
roles : Leader
A follower
Someone who takes risks and someone
who helps out and comforts.
oFriendships are very important because they
provide added sense of belongingness and
security
Jenalyn Mascardo
Cognitive Development
of Preschoolers
Preschoolers Symbolic and Intuitive Thinking
Symbolic sub stage – preschool children show

progress in their cognitive abilities by being able to
draw objects that are not present, by their dramatic
increase in their language and make-believe play.
Intuitive sub stage – preschool children begin to

use primitive reasoning and ask a litany of
questions.

A Quick Look of what Preschoolers can do
Receptive language (3-5 years old)

Standards 1: The child is able to understand both verbal
and non-verbal forms of communication.
Pre-math (Matching)
Standards 1.1: The child is able to match identical
objects , colors, shapes, symbols.
Pre-reading and Pre-math (copying letters and numbers)

Standards 1.2: The child is able to recite the alphabet
and numbers in sequence.

Domain: Cognitive Development
Attention and activity level (4-5/5-6 years old)
Standards 1: The child is able to sustain attention

and modulate his activity at age-expected levels.
Madelyn Lindio
High ordered Mental Abilities (concept
formation)
Standards 1: The child develops basic

concepts pertaining to object constancy,
space, time quantity, seriation, etc. and
uses these as the basis for understanding
how materials are categorized in his/her
environment.
Madelyn Lindio
High Ordered Mental Abilities (cause and
effect relationship)
MEMORY: (EPISODIC MEMORY)
(2-3 years old)
Standards 1: The child is able to recall people he has met,
events, and places he has been to.
(3-4 years old)
Standards 1: The child is able to understand the cause-
effect relationships
MEMORY: (MEMORY FOR CONCEPT-BASED KNOWLEDGE

SEMANTIC MEMORY)
(3-6 years old)
Standards: The child is able to store verbal information in short and
long- term memory.
Catherine Losloso
Higher-Ordered Mental Abilities
(logical reasoning)
Standards 1: The child is able to follow

the logic of events and draw accurate
conclusion by evaluating the facts
presented to him.
Catherine Losloso
Higher-Ordered Mental Abilities (planning and
organizing)
(3-5 YEARS OLD)
Standards 1: The child is able to plan and organize

a simple, familiar activity.
Jenalyn Mascardo
High-Ordered Mental Abilities (creative thoughts)
(3-6 YEARS OLD)
Standards 1: The child is able to generate new

ideas or concepts or new associations between
existing ideas or concepts
Jenalyn Mascardo
Higher-Ordered Mental Abilities (cognitive flexibility)
(2-3 YEARS OLD)
Standard 1: The child is able to shift to more

adaptive cognitive processing strategies in order to
effectively deal with new and unexpected conditions
in his/her environment; including problem Standards
situations.
Carol Tolentino
Below are some practices that help develop the cognitive skills pf
preschoolers. For three-years old:
1) Speak with children as often as possible.
2) Add new information to your children’s sentences.
3) Teach children to memorize first and last names.
4) Provide books for children to read, and read the same books to them.
5) Encourage interest in reading and writing by sharing a grocery list or notes for
parents.
6) Count objects of interest.
7) Explain why and how things happen with the help of a reference book.
8) Provide sets- toys and other objects that go together.
9)Sing simple toys.
For four years old:
1)Read aloud each day and encourage children to look at books on their
own. 2)Say nursery rhymes and finger plays together.
3) Encourage in writing and words.
4)Teach important number and space concepts.
5)Teach children the correct use of the
telephone
6)Encourage 4- years old to help you plan and
plant a garden.
Carol Tolentino
For five years old:
1) Add drama to your reading sessions each day by using different voices for different
characters.
2) Ask 5- year olds to tell you a story.
3) Ask “what if “ questions.
4) Involve children in writing “ thank you “ notes.
5) Give opportunities to sort, group, match, count, and sequence in real life
situations.
6) Take questions seriously.
7) Five- years old children will show an increasing interest in numbers.
8) Encourage interest in jokes , nonsense, and riddles by reading
humorous stories.
9) Give opportunities to express dramatic and creative interest.
THANK YOU & GOD BLESS!

Reporters: Argel Joseph Losloso, Catherine Losloso,
Carol Tolentino, Madelyn Lindio, & Jenalyn Mascardo.

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Preschoolers’

ARGEL JOSEPH LOSLOSO

ARGEL JOSEPH LOSLOSO

ARGEL JOSEPH LOSLOSO

These are skills

These are the skills

The preschoolers’nutritional status is the result of what

Socio- emotional development is

Argel Joseph Losloso

Argel Joseph Losloso

o Erikson’s view of initiative portrays the emotional and

o Self –Concept refers to the way one sees himself, a

Play is the main agenda of the preschool year.

Symbolic sub stage – preschool children show

Intuitive sub stage – preschool children begin to

Argel Joseph Losloso

Receptive language (3-5 years old)

Pre-reading and Pre-math (copying letters and numbers)

Argel Joseph Losloso

Attention and activity level (4-5/5-6 years old)

Standards 1: The child is able to sustain attention

Standards 1: The child develops basic

MEMORY: (MEMORY FOR CONCEPT-BASED KNOWLEDGE

Standards 1: The child is able to follow

Standards 1: The child is able to plan and organize

Standards 1: The child is able to generate new

Standard 1: The child is able to shift to more

THANK YOU & GOD BLESS!

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