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Magnets: Physics

Magnets attract certain materials like iron and steel. A bar magnet is strongest at its poles, with north and south poles existing in pairs of equal strength. A magnetic field is any region where magnetic forces can be felt, with field lines showing the direction of the force on a north pole. Any current-carrying conductor produces a magnetic field according to the right-hand grip rule, and the field disappears when the current stops.

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59 views11 pages

Magnets: Physics

Magnets attract certain materials like iron and steel. A bar magnet is strongest at its poles, with north and south poles existing in pairs of equal strength. A magnetic field is any region where magnetic forces can be felt, with field lines showing the direction of the force on a north pole. Any current-carrying conductor produces a magnetic field according to the right-hand grip rule, and the field disappears when the current stops.

Uploaded by

naeiyu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

MAGNETS

Physics
 A magnet attracts certain materials to it: iron, steel, nickel, cobalt…
 A bar magnet is strongest at each end: the magnetic poles.
 Magnetic poles exist in pairs: north and south.
 The strength of the north pole is equal to the strength of the south pole.
 Like poles repel and unlike poles ……
 A magnet can induce magnetism in some materials (ferromagnetic material)

PROPERTIES OF MAGNETS
 A magnetic field is any region of space where magnetic forces can be felt.
 The direction of a magnetic field is the direction of the force on a north pole if
it were placed there.
 Magnetic field line: a line drawn in a magnetic field so that the tangent to it at
any point is the direction of the magnetic field at that point.

MAGNETIC FIELDS
 Any current carrying conductor has a magnetic field around it when the
current is flowing.
 When the current stops the magnetic field disappears.

MAGNETIC EFFECT OF AN ELECTRIC


CURRENT
 Right hand grip rule: if you grasp the conductor with the thumb pointing in
the direction of the current, your fingers will show the direction of the
magnetic field.
 Note : this is the direction of conventional current
 i.e. + to -

CURRENT IN A STRAIGHT WIRE


 Using the right handed grip rule at a number of points on the wire gives the
shape of the magnetic field around the loop.
 In the picture the top side of the loop acts like a north pole as the magnetic
fields lines are coming out of it.
 And the bottom side?

CURRENT IN A LOOP
 A solenoid is a coil whose length is much longer than its radius.
 The right hand grip rule shows the direction of current.
 Between the wires ontop/bottom the magnetic field cancels out giving the
overall field as shown.
 Note the field is very similar to a bar magnet.
 When looking into a solenoid loop:
 If the current is running clockwise the end
facing you is a south pole
 If it runs anticlockwise???

CURRENT IN A SOLENOID
 The earth has a magnetic field around it, thought to be cause by circulating
electric currents in the core.
 It is as if there is a huge bar magnet going through the earth, with the south
pole of the magnet near the geographical north pole and vica versa.
 This imaginary magnet does not line up exactly so there is a difference
between magnetic north and geographic north.
 The size of this variation/declination varies from place to place and in time.

EARTH’S MAGNETIC FIELD

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