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Double Indicator Titration of NaOH & Na2CO3

1. This experiment determines the concentration of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate in a mixture using a double indicator titration method. 2. The mixture is titrated first with hydrochloric acid using phenolphthalein as an indicator. This reaction neutralizes both sodium hydroxide and half of the sodium carbonate. 3. The mixture is then titrated again using methyl orange as the indicator. This reaction neutralizes the remaining sodium carbonate as well as any remaining sodium hydroxide. 4. The concentrations of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate are then calculated using the volume of hydrochloric acid used in each titration and the known normality of the acid.

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Shaker Mahmood
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512 views13 pages

Double Indicator Titration of NaOH & Na2CO3

1. This experiment determines the concentration of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate in a mixture using a double indicator titration method. 2. The mixture is titrated first with hydrochloric acid using phenolphthalein as an indicator. This reaction neutralizes both sodium hydroxide and half of the sodium carbonate. 3. The mixture is then titrated again using methyl orange as the indicator. This reaction neutralizes the remaining sodium carbonate as well as any remaining sodium hydroxide. 4. The concentrations of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate are then calculated using the volume of hydrochloric acid used in each titration and the known normality of the acid.

Uploaded by

Shaker Mahmood
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Exp.

# 3

Acid-base Titration using Method of


Double Indicators
Purposes

Determination of the Concentration of Sodium


hydroxide and sodium carbonate ( NaOH and Na2CO3 )
in a Mixture by Double Indicator Method
Introduction
A mixture of two different concentration of sodium hydroxide and
sodium carbonate in same solution titrated with standard solution of
Known concentration (HCl ) by using two indicators phenolphthalein
(PH 8.3- 10) and Secondly used Methyl orange(PH 3.3- 4.4)
So:
1-When a known volume of the mixture is titrated with HCl in
presence of ph. ph., the acid reacts with all the sodium hydroxide and
with only half of the carbonate.
V1 of HCl = (all OH- + 1/2 CO3-2 )
2- When a known volume of the mixture is titrated with HCl in
presence of M.O., the acid reacts with all the hydroxide and all the
carbonate.
V2 of HCl = 1/2 of CO3-2
Consider a mixture of NaOH(aq) and Na2CO3(aq).
 Reaction between HCl(aq) and Na2CO3(aq) takes place in two stages:

 While that between HCl(aq) and NaOH(aq) completes in only


one step:

 The equivalence point at PH1 for the reactions (1&3) occurs at pH of


about 8.3 , hence a suitable and commonly used indicator is ph.ph .
 The equivalence point for reaction (2) occurs at PH of roughly 4.0
.Indicators that have been used are Methyl orange.
1. HCl(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) ⎯→ NaHCO3(aq) + H2O(l) …………………. (1)
2. HCl(aq) + NaHCO3(aq) ⎯→ NaCl(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l) …………. (2)
3. HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) ⎯→ NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) ……………….………. (3)

 Solution mixture of reaction (1) at the equivalence point is alkaline,


that of reaction (2) is acidic and that of reaction (3) is neutral.
 Thus the whole titration should have three breaks in the pH curve,
corresponding to the above three stages.
 Reactions (1) and (3) can be indicated by phenolphthalein and that of
reaction (2) can be indicated by methyl orange.
Procedure
1-prepare a solution of unknown concentration of mixture of
Sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate .
2-Take (10 ml) of this mixture in conical flask and put 3-4 drops of
Ph.ph .as indicator.
3-Titrate with standard solution of HCl until end point (color change
from pink to colorless .
4- Record the burette reading (V1)
5-At the same solution (Without pouring the solution) add 2-3
drops of M.O as indicator .( colorless to orange ).
6-Titrate with standard solution of HCl until end point .(color
change from orange to pink/red color).
7-Record the burette reading (V2)
8-Repeate the titration three times to get good results .
9-Calculate the normality of NaOH and Na2CO3 .
Calculation

Calculate the concentration (molarity) of sodium hydroxide and


sodium carbonate in the mixture.

Volume of HCl that neutralise all NaOH = V1 – V2

Volume of HCl that neutralise all Na2CO3 = 2xV2


Calculation

At the equivalence point, [NaOH]


# of meq HCl = # of meq NaOH

(N1 V1) HCl = (N V) NaOH

At the equivalence point, [Na2CO3]

# of meq HCl = # of meq Na2CO3

(N V) HCl = (N V) Na2CO3
V1 mL 0.1 N HCl: Phenolphthalein changes colour (pink to coler
less).
V2 mL 0.1N HCl: Methyl Orange changes colour (yellow to pink).
10 mL mixture containing
NaOH & Na2CO3 to be neutralized
V1 mL 0.2N HCl
NaCl + NaHCO3
V2 mL 0.2N HCl

NaCl + CO2 + H2O

\ [NaOH] = ? N
[Na2CO3] = ? N

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