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    PHA 618 Laboratory Human Physiology and Pathophysiology: Skeletal System: Joints

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    Khael
    The document provides an overview of the skeletal system, including the different types of cartilage, tendons, and ligaments that connect bones, as well as the three main types of joints - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints. It describes the properties and locations of different cartilages, and details the six types of synovial joints, providing examples of each and their allowed movements.

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    PHA 618 Laboratory Human Physiology and Pathophysiology: Skeletal System: Joints

    Uploaded by

    Khael
    24 views16 pages
    The document provides an overview of the skeletal system, including the different types of cartilage, tendons, and ligaments that connect bones, as well as the three main types of joints - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints. It describes the properties and locations of different cartilages, and details the six types of synovial joints, providing examples of each and their allowed movements.

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    Joints

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    The document provides an overview of the skeletal system, including the different types of cartilage, tendons, and ligaments that connect bones, as well as the three main types of joints - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints. It describes the properties and locations of different cartilages, and details the six types of synovial joints, providing examples of each and their allowed movements.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    24 views16 pages

    PHA 618 Laboratory Human Physiology and Pathophysiology: Skeletal System: Joints

    Uploaded by

    Khael
    The document provides an overview of the skeletal system, including the different types of cartilage, tendons, and ligaments that connect bones, as well as the three main types of joints - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints. It describes the properties and locations of different cartilages, and details the six types of synovial joints, providing examples of each and their allowed movements.

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    PHA 618 Laboratory

    Human Physiology and


    Pathophysiology
    Skeletal System: Joints
    Overview
    Overview
    Overview
    Overview
    Overview
    Cartilage Tendons Ligaments
    Attaches Muscle to bone Bone to bone
    Function “cushion” bone covering Withstands tension Connection
    Cartilage
    • Chondrocytes produce a matrix composed of proteoglycans and
    water.
    Hyaline Elastic Fibrocartilage
    Properties Smooth and clear Matrix has fibers Matrix has fibers going in
    matrix going in all directions one direction to act as a
    so as to be elastic shock absorber
    Location nasal cartilages, costal in the pinna of the intervertebral disks, the
    cartilages, and ear and the epiglottis menisci of the knee, and
    articular cartilages the pubic symphysis
    covering the ends of
    long bones
    Joints
    1. Fibrous joints have fibrous tissue
    between bones.
    • Suture - This is formed by the
    membranes of intramembranous
    ossification.
    • Gomphoses - This is formed by
    ligaments holding the tooth in its
    socket.
    • Syndesmoses - This is formed by an
    interosseous membrane.
    Joints
    2. Cartilaginous joints have
    cartilage between the bones.
    There are 2 types:
    • Symphyses - This is formed by
    fibrocartilage between the
    pubic bones.
    • Synchondroses - This is
    formed by hyaline cartilage
    between the diaphysis and
    the epiphyses of bones in
    children.
    Joints
    3. Synovial joints are lined by a
    synovial membrane and have
    synovial fluid in the joint space.
    a. Hinge
    b. Ball and Socket
    c. Saddle
    d. Planar
    e. Ellipsoid
    f. Pivot
    Joints
    3. Synovial joints
    A. Hinge
    Movement Convex-to-concave surfaces
    Allow movement in one direction only
     Flexion (F) and extension (E)
    Example Knee
    Cubital (Elbow)
    Interphalangeal
    Talocrural (Ankle)
    Joints
    3. Synovial joints
    B. Ball-and-Socket
    Movement Movement may be rotational or in
    any plane
    A rounded head of one bone fits
    into a concavity on another bone
     Triaxial (F, E, ABD, ADD, CIR, ROT)
    Example Hip
    Glenohumeral (Shoulder)
    Joints
    3. Synovial joints
    C. Saddle
    Movement Movement is side to side and
    back and forth
    Ends of each bone are saddle
    shaped
     Triaxial (F, E, ABD, ADD, ROT)
    Example Intercarpal
    Carpometacarpal pollicis (carpal
    and metacarpal of thumb)
    Sternoclavicular
    Joints
    3. Synovial joints

    D. Planar
    Movement Involve sliding of bones
    across each other
    Example Intervertebral
    Carpometacarpal
    Tarsometatarsal
    Joints
    3. Synovial joints

    E. Ellipsoid
    Movement Allow movement
    from side to side and
    back and forth
     F, E, ABD, ADD
    Example Atlantooccipital
    Temporomandibular
    Radiocarpal
    Joints
    3. Synovial joints
    F. Pivot
    Movement Allow rotational movement
    Example Atlantoaxial
    Proximal radioulnar
    Distal radioulnar

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