Scribd
Upload
489 views

Post Independence Architecture (Vishal, Anisha)

Post-modernism architecture in India saw several approaches after independence in 1947. Le Corbusier designed Chandigarh, which became a symbol of modern India. Some argued for modern architectural symbols to express a free India's progress. Architectural education expanded, training architects abroad. Approaches included plastic concrete forms, new brick/concrete languages, Brutalism's bold structures, harmony with environment, and regionalism blending modernism and local styles. Most successful Indian architects like Charles Correa blended modern and vernacular elements, using courtyards and jaalis to create climate-responsive designs that established India's post-independence architectural identity.

Uploaded by

Geetakshri Jajoria
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
489 views

Post Independence Architecture (Vishal, Anisha)

Post-modernism architecture in India saw several approaches after independence in 1947. Le Corbusier designed Chandigarh, which became a symbol of modern India. Some argued for modern architectural symbols to express a free India's progress. Architectural education expanded, training architects abroad. Approaches included plastic concrete forms, new brick/concrete languages, Brutalism's bold structures, harmony with environment, and regionalism blending modernism and local styles. Most successful Indian architects like Charles Correa blended modern and vernacular elements, using courtyards and jaalis to create climate-responsive designs that established India's post-independence architectural identity.

Uploaded by

Geetakshri Jajoria
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 17

Post Modernism Architecture

Post-independence architecture 1950s

• Indian architects before Independence were working under the British architects. After the British left
India in 1947, Indian architecture was in chaos.

• Perhaps, there was an identity crisis, a dilemma whether to adhere to historical precedents or move
forward with times using new ideas, images and techniques.

• While in other fields like art, music and culture, the distinct Indian imprint was more enhanced in the
post-Independence period; no such thing was discernible in the case of architecture.
Post-independence architecture 1950s
• Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime minister of India had a
far vision for the betterment and development of art and
architecture in India.

• He invited Le Corbusier to design the capital of the state


Punjab, Chandigarh. Le Corbusier designed the
Legislative Assembly, Secretariat and High Court
• Chandigarh became a powerful symbol of New India and inspired the architects and the
public for a forward looking Modern architecture in the Post Independence period
Arguments by architects for MODERNISM
On the other side were a handful of intellectuals and architects who argued that monuments
should be

• viewed in context of their times, that they were


• not be imitated
• modern India required modern architectural symbols and forms to express the dynamism of a
free people on their march to economic development.

Architectural education
• While the debate on style raged throughout the decade, the 1950s also saw a significant
expansion of architectural education.
• In 1947, there were three schools: at Baroda, Bombay and Delhi.
• Some of the architects came back to India after education and training in western countries like
Charles Correa, B.V. Doshi, Raj Rewal, Achyut Kanvinde
Five distinct approaches of architectural expressions
in India - Post Independence

• Plastic or geometric forms exploiting the potential of concrete used to express distinct and bold
forms, volumes and shapes growing out of functional needs.
• New language of exposed brick and concrete
• Bold and aggressive articulation of structural elements- an expression of Brutalism like Kenzo
Tange, James Sterling, Moshe Safdie
• Sensitive approach to harmonizing with the micro environment that is reminiscent of the best
traditions of F.L.Wright and Richard Neutra
• Regionalism – an amalgamation of modernism with traditional experience of town planning,
neighbourhood clustering, harmonize with nature, climate control and using local materials
1. Plastic or geometric forms exploiting the potential
of concrete
• Kanchenjunga Apartments, Mumbai
(1983) by Charles Correa
1. Plastic or geometric forms exploiting the potential
of concrete
 Lotus temple, Delhi (1986)
By Fariborz Sabha

• Expressionist style
• Biomimicry architecture
• 9 sided circular structure
• Composed of 27 free
standing leaves made of
concrete slabs cladded
with marble
• Capped with dramatic
glass and steel skylights
2. New language of brick/sandstone and concrete
 YMCA staff housing Delhi (1963) by Ranjit Sabikhi

• Fluctuating circulation interspersed with small balconies and occasional chattris which
modulate the light and shade

• Viewing platforms

• Sandstone – cheapest building material in this region


3. Brutalism - bold and aggressive articulation of
structural elements
 Permanent Exhibition Complex, Pragati Maidan, New Delhi,
(1972) by Raj Rewal

• Monumental
• Truncated pyramid form.
• Space frame structure made of concrete elements.
• Depth of the structural system used as a sun-breaker and
conceived as a traditional jali
3. Brutalism - bold and aggressive articulation of
structural elements

 Indian National science Academy, New Delhi (1990) by Raj Rewal

• Bold and progressive


architecture
• RCC shear walls
• Climate based design with no
energy consumption
• Sandstone cladding
4. Harmonizing with the micro environment
 India International Centre,
New Delhi (1958) by Joseph
Allen Stein

• Contextual and rational


• Understanding the climate
• Sun shaded vaults
• Jaali screens
• Courtyards
4. Harmonizing with the micro environment
 CII Sohrabji Godrej Building, Hyderabad (2003)
by Karan Grover

• Sensitive to context
• Central courtyard with colonnaded
verandah
• Jaali walls
• Energy efficient
• Water efficient
• Salvaged/Recycled materials, Roof
garden, etc.
• LEED rating of 56 credits – platinum
award
5. Regionalism – an amalgamation of modernism with
traditional styles

• Traditional experience of town


planning
• Regional Building vocabulary
• Using Vedic principles
• Usage of local materials
• Responsive to climate
• Shift to social concerns – Clustering
• Economical approach
5. Regionalism – an • Traditional experience of town
planning
amalgamation of
modernism with • Regional Building vocabulary

traditional styles • Using Vedic principles


• Usage of local materials
• Responsive to climate
• Shift to social concerns – Clustering
• Economical approach
Although we see a major metamorphosis of architecture
ever since 1950 towards modernism, inspired by the
renowned International architects Le Corbusier and Louis
IDENTITY OF Kahn, the identity of Indian architecture is not pure
POST modernism.

INDEPENDENCE
INDIA in Most of the successful Indian architects including Charles
MODERNISM Correa, Raj Rewal and B.V.Doshi blended vernacular
elements into modernism giving it a rich flavor that
demarcates the identity of Indian architecture. They used
deep overhangs, courtyards, shading devices, pergolas,
jaali screens to create an aesthetically appealing climate
responsive design
Source :-
wikipedia.co.in
Indishare.com
Google.com
duckduckgo.com

Submitted by :-
ANISHA KESARWANI
VISHAL VIMAL

You might also like