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    Optical Fibre - CLG

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    Himadri Jana
    Optical fiber communication uses optical fiber as a transmission medium. Optical fiber consists of a core and cladding made of glass or plastic, and transmits light through the principle of total internal reflection. Key components of an optical fiber system include light sources such as LEDs and lasers, optical fibers and waveguides as the transmission medium, and photodetectors. Optical fiber offers advantages like high bandwidth, low attenuation, immunity to electromagnetic interference, and ability to carry multiple wavelengths using wavelength division multiplexing.

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    Optical Fibre - CLG

    Uploaded by

    Himadri Jana
    76 views16 pages
    Optical fiber communication uses optical fiber as a transmission medium. Optical fiber consists of a core and cladding made of glass or plastic, and transmits light through the principle of total internal reflection. Key components of an optical fiber system include light sources such as LEDs and lasers, optical fibers and waveguides as the transmission medium, and photodetectors. Optical fiber offers advantages like high bandwidth, low attenuation, immunity to electromagnetic interference, and ability to carry multiple wavelengths using wavelength division multiplexing.

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    Optical fiber communication uses optical fiber as a transmission medium. Optical fiber consists of a core and cladding made of glass or plastic, and transmits light through the principle of total internal reflection. Key components of an optical fiber system include light sources such as LEDs and lasers, optical fibers and waveguides as the transmission medium, and photodetectors. Optical fiber offers advantages like high bandwidth, low attenuation, immunity to electromagnetic interference, and ability to carry multiple wavelengths using wavelength division multiplexing.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    76 views16 pages

    Optical Fibre - CLG

    Uploaded by

    Himadri Jana
    Optical fiber communication uses optical fiber as a transmission medium. Optical fiber consists of a core and cladding made of glass or plastic, and transmits light through the principle of total internal reflection. Key components of an optical fiber system include light sources such as LEDs and lasers, optical fibers and waveguides as the transmission medium, and photodetectors. Optical fiber offers advantages like high bandwidth, low attenuation, immunity to electromagnetic interference, and ability to carry multiple wavelengths using wavelength division multiplexing.

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    of 16

    OPTICAL FIBER

    1
    ECE /6th SEM/2015

    Submitted by:
    Himadri Jana
    Dipankar Saha
    Subhendu Pradhan
    Debayan Sinha
    SK Intaj Mohammad

    Dept. Of Electronics And Communication


    Under the guidance of
    Mrs. Moutusi

    2
    ECE /6th SEM/2015

    Optical fiber-An overview


    •Acts as waveguide
    • Immune to electrical interference and
    environmental noises
    •Light propagates through the fiber with little
    attenuation

    3
    ECE /6th SEM/2015

    Components of
    optical fiber
    communication

    Optical Optical Photodetector


    Source waveguide

    4
    ECE /6th SEM/2015

    •Sources
    •Light emitting diode(LED)
    •Semiconductor laser
    •Optical waveguides and related
    accessories
    •Optical fiber
    •Optical coupler
    •Optical multiplexers
    •Optical demultiplexers
    •Optical filters
    •Detectors
    •PIN photo diode
    •Avalanche photo diode
    5
    ECE /6th SEM/2015

    Media (Hierarchy of optical fiber)


    •Optical fiber
    •Structure and types

    Optical fiber

    Graded-
    Step index
    index

    Single- Multi- Multi-


    mode mode mode

    6
    ECE /6th SEM/2015

    Description of media:
    •Step index fiber-refractive index of the core is
    uniform throughout

    •Graded index fiber-core refractive index is


    made to vary as a function of the radial
    distance from the centre

    Both step and graded index fiber can be


    further sub-divided into two:-
    •Single(mono) mode
    •Multi-mode

    7
    ECE /6th SEM/2015

    •Made up of doped silica


    •Small core diameter
    •Structure
    •Core diameter: 5 to 10 µm
    •Clad diameter: Generally 125µm
    •Buffer jacket diameter: 250 to 1000 µm
    •Numerical Aperture: 0.08 to 0.15
    (usually around 0.1)

    8
    ECE /6th SEM/2015

    •Made up of glass or doped silica


    •Reasonably large core diameter and
    NA to facilitate efficient coupling of
    incoherent light

    •Structure
    •Core diameter: 50 to 400 µm
    •Clad diameter: 125 to 500 µm
    •Buffer jacket diameter:250 to 1000
    µm
    •Numerical Aperture: 0.16 to 0.5

    9
    ECE /6th SEM/2015

    •Based on “Total internal reflection”.


    Critical angle (Ѳc) =sin-1(n2/n1)
    Where , n1=refractive index of core
    n2=refractive index of cladding

    •Light that only enters in a certain range


    of angles called “Acceptance Cone”

    11
    ECE /5th SEM/2015

    •Reduction in signal strength with


    respect to distance during transmission
    •Absorption loss
    •Scattering loss
    •Radiative loss

    13
    ECE /6th SEM/2015

    •Expressed in db km unit

    P(z)=P(0)exp(-αpz)

    Where, P(0)=optical power at origin(z=0)


    P(z)=power at distance z
    αp=fiber attenuation coefficient in (km-1

    14
    ECE /6th SEM/2015

    Dispersion:
    •Broadening of optical signal pulse.

    Types:

    •Material dispersion

    •Waveguide dispersion

    15
    ECE /6th SEM/2015

    •Telephones

    •Internet Bundle of optical


    fibers
    •LANs - local area networks

    •Security purpose

    •Medical Science - endoscopy

    16
    ECE /6th SEM/2015

    Conclusion:
    •Erbium doped fiber acts as an optical
    amplifier.

    •It’s channel capacity is very high and hence


    higher data communication

    •Optical communication provide us less noisy &


    better quality transmission.

    •The raw material used to prepare optical fiber


    is SiO2(sand), which is available in sufficient
    amount.

    18
    ECE /6th SEM/2015

    19

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