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    OpenGL Examples

    Uploaded by

    Abdul Razaq Anjum
    This document provides an overview of OpenGL examples for loading 3D objects and textures, and rendering them with shaders. It discusses loading object files with common formats like OBJ and STL using vertex array objects (VAOs) and vertex buffer objects (VBOs). It also covers loading texture files and using mipmaps. Key steps in the rendering process like the vertex and fragment shaders are explained. Matrix transformations for modeling, view, and projection are demonstrated. Finally, it summarizes different shading techniques like flat, Gouraud, Phong, and Blinn-Phong shading.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    OpenGL Examples

    Uploaded by

    Abdul Razaq Anjum
    120 views73 pages
    This document provides an overview of OpenGL examples for loading 3D objects and textures, and rendering them with shaders. It discusses loading object files with common formats like OBJ and STL using vertex array objects (VAOs) and vertex buffer objects (VBOs). It also covers loading texture files and using mipmaps. Key steps in the rendering process like the vertex and fragment shaders are explained. Matrix transformations for modeling, view, and projection are demonstrated. Finally, it summarizes different shading techniques like flat, Gouraud, Phong, and Blinn-Phong shading.

    Original Description:

    OpenGL is open source liberary that can be used with c/C++ , Python etc.

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    This document provides an overview of OpenGL examples for loading 3D objects and textures, and rendering them with shaders. It discusses loading object files with common formats like OBJ and STL using vertex array objects (VAOs) and vertex buffer objects (VBOs). It also covers loading texture files and using mipmaps. Key steps in the rendering process like the vertex and fragment shaders are explained. Matrix transformations for modeling, view, and projection are demonstrated. Finally, it summarizes different shading techniques like flat, Gouraud, Phong, and Blinn-Phong shading.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    120 views73 pages

    OpenGL Examples

    Uploaded by

    Abdul Razaq Anjum
    This document provides an overview of OpenGL examples for loading 3D objects and textures, and rendering them with shaders. It discusses loading object files with common formats like OBJ and STL using vertex array objects (VAOs) and vertex buffer objects (VBOs). It also covers loading texture files and using mipmaps. Key steps in the rendering process like the vertex and fragment shaders are explained. Matrix transformations for modeling, view, and projection are demonstrated. Finally, it summarizes different shading techniques like flat, Gouraud, Phong, and Blinn-Phong shading.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
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    OpenGL Examples

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PgIYzCLetAc
    Overview
    1. Get objects and textures
    2. Load object
    3. Load texture
    4. Render
    5. Key event
    Find objects and textures
    1. Using existed program: Blender, 3DMAX, ……
    2. Online: CGTrader, Free3D……
    Load object
    Common object format: .obj, .stl, .3ds
    Load object
    Load object
    Load object
    Load object
    Load object --- VAO, VBO
    VAO
    VBO

    VBO

    VBO
    Load object --- VAO, VBO
    Load object --- VAO, VBO
    VAO
    VBO
    Load object --- VAO, VBO
    Load object --- VAO, VBO
    VAO
    VBO

    VBO
    Load object --- VAO, VBO
    Load object --- VAO, VBO
    VAO
    VBO

    VBO

    VBO
    Texture
    Texture https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=scPSP_U858k&t=1284s
    Load texture
    Load texture
    Load texture
    Load texture
    VAO
    VBO

    VBO

    VBO

    VBO
    Load texture
    Load texture
    Load texture
    Load texture

    64*64
    69*69

    256*256

    https://forum.unity.com/threads/what-is-the-purpose-of-the-mip-maps-and-how-they-work.490622/
    Load texture --- Mipmap
    Load texture

    64*64
    69*69
    256*256

    https://forum.unity.com/threads/what-is-the-purpose-of-the-mip-maps-and-how-they-work.490622/
    Sprite
    Sprite
    Render
    glfwSwapBuffer
    Render

    ……
    Render

    ……
    Y
    Key Event
    Key Event
    Example2
    Example2
    Example2
    Example2
    Example2

    𝑅 𝑅 𝑅
    2 , 2 ,2
    Example2

    𝑅 𝑅 𝑅
    −
    2, 2 ,2
    Example2

    𝑅 𝑅 𝑅
    −
    2 , 2 ,2
    Example2

    −𝑅 𝑅 𝑅
    −
    2 , 2 ,2
    Example2

    𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑡 = 𝑔𝑙𝑓𝑤𝐺𝑒𝑡𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒()
    𝑇 = 𝑔𝑙𝑓𝑤𝐺𝑒𝑡𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒() − 𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑡

    𝜃 = 90 ∗ 𝑇 / Animation_Duration
    Example2
    1.

    Rotate -> Translate?

    2.

    Translate -> Rotate?


    Example2
    1.

    Rotate -> Translate

    2.

    Translate -> Rotate


    Example2
    1.
    𝜃
    Y

    2.
    Y
    𝜃
    Example2
    1.
    𝜃
    Y

    2.
    Y
    𝜃
    Shader and GLSL
    Application GPU Data Flow Framebuffer

    Vertices Vertices Fragments Pixels


    Vertex Fragment
    Rasterizer
    Processing Processing

    Vertex Fragment
    Shader Shader
    Create
    Program unsigned int program = glCreateProgram();

    Create GLuint vs = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);


    Shader GLuint fs = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);

    Load Shader glShaderSource(vs, 1, (const GLchar**)&vertex_shader, nullptr);


    Source glShaderSource(fs, 1, (const GLchar**)&fragment_shader, nullptr);

    Compile glCompileShader(vs);
    Shader glCompileShader(fs);

    Attach Shader glAttachShader(program, vs);


    to Program glAttachShader(program, fs);

    Link Program glLinkProgram(program);

    Use Program glUseProgram()


    Shader and GLSL --- Simplest example
    Shader and GLSL
    Shader and GLSL --- Texture
    Vertex Shader Fragment Shader
    Shader and GLSL --- Texture
    Shader and GLSL --- Render in 3D
    1. Model
    ◦ Translation
    ◦ Rotation
    ◦ Scaling

    2. View
    ◦ glm::lookAt( eye , center , up)

    3. Projection
    ◦ glm::perspective(FOVY , aspect_ratio, zNear, zFar)
    ◦ ortho (left, right, bottom, top, zNear, zFar)
    Shader and GLSL --- Render in 3D
    Vertex Shader
    Shader and GLSL --- Render in 3D
    Vertex Shader Main.cpp
    Shader and GLSL --- Render in 3D
    Vertex Shader Main.cpp

    Projection = glm::perspective(glm::radians(45.0f),
    640.0f / 480, 1.0f, 100.f);

    View = glm::lookAt(glm::vec3(40.0f), glm::vec3(),


    glm::vec3(0, 1, 0));

    setUniformMat4(program, “vp”, Projection * View);

    setUniformMat4(program, “model”,
    translation*rotation*scale);
    Why we see what we see
    Factors that affect the “color” of a pixel:
    ◦ Light sources
    ◦ Color of Light source
    ◦ Position and direction
    ◦ Attenuation
    ◦ Object’s surface property
    ◦ Color of object
    ◦ Position, micro-structure
    ◦ Absorption
    Light-Object interactions
    Ambient
    Environment lighting
    ◦ even when it is dark there is usually still some light somewhere in the world
    ◦ so objects are almost never completely dark.
    ◦ To simulate this we use an ambient lighting constant that always gives the object some color.
    Diffuse
    Simulates the directional impact a light object has on an object.
    ◦ This is the most visually significant component of the lighting model
    ◦ The more a part of an object faces the light source, the brighter it becomes.
    Diffuse
    Simulates the directional impact a light object has on an object.
    ◦ This is the most visually significant component of the lighting model
    ◦ The more a part of an object faces the light source, the brighter it becomes.

    DiffuseStrength =
    LightDirection·Normal
    Specular(reflection)
    Simulates the bright spot of a light that appears on shiny objects.
    Specular highlights are often more inclined to the color of the light than the color of the object.
    Specular(reflection)
    Specular(reflection)

    SpecularStrength = a*(R·V)P
    Light-Object interactions
    Ambient
    ◦ Constant

    Diffuse
    ◦ DiffuseStrength = LightDirection·Normal

    Specular
    ◦ SpecularStrength = a*(R·V) P
    Shader and GLSL --- Shading
    Flat shading

    Gouraud shading

    Phong shading

    Blinn-Phong shading
    Shader and GLSL --- Blinn-Phong Shading
    The calculation of R makes the program slow.
    So replace (R·V) by (N·H)

    H=(L+V)/|L+V|
    Shader and GLSL --- Advance Shading
    Ocean:
    ◦ https://www.shadertoy.com/view/lsBSWm

    Global Illumination:
    ◦ https://www.shadertoy.com/results?query=Global+Illumination

    Physically based rendering (PBR):


    ◦ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HaOOWK14pgs
    Reference
    https://github.com/syoyo/tinyobjloader
    https://learnopengl.com/Getting-started/Shaders
    https://learnopengl.com/Getting-started/Transformations
    http://ogldev.atspace.co.uk/www/tutorial19/tutorial19.html
    http://math.hws.edu/graphicsbook/c4/s1.html

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