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    Pulmonarytuberculosis Pttndaisy 130623022238 Phpapp02

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    Mammy Nya Allya
    Pulmonary tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis that mainly affects the lungs. It has impacted human societies for centuries and remains a global public health problem. The disease spreads through airborne droplets from coughing or sneezing. While it typically affects the lungs, it can spread to other organs. Symptoms may include fatigue, fever, weight loss, and coughing up blood or mucus. Diagnosis involves skin tests, sputum smears and cultures, blood tests, and chest imaging like x-rays or CT scans. Untreated tuberculosis can be fatal.

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    Pulmonarytuberculosis Pttndaisy 130623022238 Phpapp02

    Uploaded by

    Mammy Nya Allya
    176 views19 pages
    Pulmonary tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis that mainly affects the lungs. It has impacted human societies for centuries and remains a global public health problem. The disease spreads through airborne droplets from coughing or sneezing. While it typically affects the lungs, it can spread to other organs. Symptoms may include fatigue, fever, weight loss, and coughing up blood or mucus. Diagnosis involves skin tests, sputum smears and cultures, blood tests, and chest imaging like x-rays or CT scans. Untreated tuberculosis can be fatal.

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    Pulmonary tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis that mainly affects the lungs. It has impacted human societies for centuries and remains a global public health problem. The disease spreads through airborne droplets from coughing or sneezing. While it typically affects the lungs, it can spread to other organs. Symptoms may include fatigue, fever, weight loss, and coughing up blood or mucus. Diagnosis involves skin tests, sputum smears and cultures, blood tests, and chest imaging like x-rays or CT scans. Untreated tuberculosis can be fatal.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    176 views19 pages

    Pulmonarytuberculosis Pttndaisy 130623022238 Phpapp02

    Uploaded by

    Mammy Nya Allya
    Pulmonary tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis that mainly affects the lungs. It has impacted human societies for centuries and remains a global public health problem. The disease spreads through airborne droplets from coughing or sneezing. While it typically affects the lungs, it can spread to other organs. Symptoms may include fatigue, fever, weight loss, and coughing up blood or mucus. Diagnosis involves skin tests, sputum smears and cultures, blood tests, and chest imaging like x-rays or CT scans. Untreated tuberculosis can be fatal.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 19

    PULMONARY

    INTRODUCTION
    Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious
    disease that mainly affect the lungs parenchyma.
    TB is a contagious bacterial (M. tuberculosis)
    infection that mainly affects the lungs
    parenchyma, but may spread to other organs.
    TB is an ancient disease. Signs of skeletal TB
    (pott disease) were evident in Europe from
    Neolithic times, ancient egypt, and in the preColumbian New World.
    Physicians in ancient Greece called this illness as
    phthisis reflecting its wasting character.

    TB has remained an enemy of human society


    for all age.
    TB is not only a problem for the person
    suffering from it or their families but a public
    health problem of the entire world.

    DISEASE CLASSIFICATION
    INFLAMMATORY
    DISEASE

    It is a Chronic specific
    Inflammatory infectious
    Disease caused by
    Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
    In human.
    Usually attacks the lungs but
    It can also effect any part of
    The body.

    ETIOLOGY
    TB is caused by the bacteria M.
    tuberculosis (most common cause).
    Other than tuberculosis includes;
    M. avium intracellulare
    M. kansasi
    M. scrofulaceuru
    M. ulcerans
    M. marinum and etc.

    It also caused by breathing in


    air droplets from a cough or
    sneeze of an infected person
    this is called Primary TB.
    Risk factors of tuberculosis is;
    Elderly
    Infants
    Low socioeconomic status
    Crowded living conditions
    Disease that weakens
    immune system like HIV
    Alcoholism
    Recent Tubercular infection
    (within last 2 years) and
    ect.

    TB spread from person to person by airborne


    transmission. Infected person release droplet
    nuclei (1-5 micro meter in diameter) through,
    Talking
    Coughing
    Sneezing
    Laughing
    Singing

    If not treated properly, TB can be fatal.

    PATHOGENESIS
    Susceptible
    Or
    Mycobacterium
    Tuberculosis

    Recovery

    Latent
    Infection
    Reactivati
    on

    PULMONARY
    TUBERCULOSIS

    Active
    tuberculosis

    Extrapulmonary
    Tuberculosis

    Miliary
    tuberculosis

    MANIFESTATIONSsymptoms
    The primary stage of TB usually doesnt cause
    symptoms. When symptoms of TB occur, they
    may includes;
    Fatigue
    Fever
    Unintentional weight loss

    Other symptoms that may occur


    with this disease;
    Breathing difficulty
    Chest pain
    Wheezing.

    MANIFESTATIONS- signs
    Cough up of mucus and blood
    Excessive sweating at night.

    SIGNIFICANT LAB TEST

    Tuberculin skin test (PPD test);


    Injecting

    a small amount of protein


    from tuberculosis bacteria between
    the derived layer of the skin (usually
    forearm).

    Sputum examination and


    Cultures;
    Is

    examined under a microscope to


    look for tuberculosis bacteria and used
    to grow the bacteria in a culture.

    Interferon-gamma Blood test;


    A simple blood is mixed with synthetic
    proteins similar to those produced by
    the tuberculosis bacteria.
    If people are infected with tuberculosis
    bacteria, their white blood cells
    produce certain substances
    (interferons) in response to the
    synthetic proteins.

    IMAGING CONSIDERATION
    Chest CT Scan
    Chest X-ray

    RADIOLOGICAL APPERNCE

    Young male
    patient with fever
    and cough has
    focal opacity in the
    left lower lobe that
    looks like a
    pneumonia. This is
    a case of primary
    tuberculosis in an
    adult.

    References

    www.medicinet.com
    www.nlm.nih.gov
    http://www.e-radiography.net
    www.learningradiology.com

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