TEACHING

DRAMA
ARVIE JARIZ I.
PAYO
MAED ELT

What is
DramaDrama?
comes from

Greek
words dran meaning "to
do" or "to act." It also
referred to as play.

It is a prose or verse
composition, especially one
telling a serious story that was
intended for representation by
actors
impersonating
the
characters and performing the
dialogue and action
-a serious narrative work or
program for television, radio,
or the cinema.

Drama
is
literature
written for performance--or
at least written in a style
that would allow for stage
performance. As a text
form,
drama
can
be
thought of as story told
though spoken remarks and
stage directions (Kurland,

Brief History of Drama

Greek Theatre
The Greek Theatre or Greek Drama is a
theatrical tradition that flourished in ancient
Greece between c. 550 and c. 220 B.C. in Athens.
Athens was the center of ancient Greek theatre.
Tragedy (late 6th century B.C.), comedy (~486
B.C.) and satyr plays were some of the theatrical
forms to emerge in the world.

Greek theatre
and plays have had a lasting impact
on Western drama and culture.

Greek Theatre
The earliest dramas were designed
to worship to gods and
goddesses, specifically Bacchus
and Dionysus
The Greek tragedies of Aeschychus,
Sophocles and Euripides were
performed annually at the spring
festival of Dionysus, god of wine and
inspiration.

Decline of Drama
Drama went into a period of decline around
A.D. 400 (Roman Empire)
Due to the Power of Christians
Acting has been deemed at times to be
unchristian, idolatrous and depraved or, worse,
boring. Actors themselves have frequently been
seen to be one of the humbler classes, and only
towards the end of the 19th century did their
status start to improve.

Revival of Drama
A. D. 900-1500
Medieval Drama, when it emerged
hundreds of years later, was a new
creation rather than a rebirth. The
drama of earlier times having almost
no influence on it. The reason for this
creation came from a quarter that
had traditionally opposed any form of
theatre: The Christian church

Medieval Drama
Purpose: Teach religion
Types of acceptable drama:
1. )Miracle plays lives of saints.
2.) Morality plays being good/
moral
3.) Mystery plays life of Christ

Middle Ages Theatre

During the Middle Ages, most plays
were about the lives of saints
and/or Bible stories.

Renaissance Drama
Ruler: Elizabeth I
Renaissance Drama is English drama
written before the Reformation and the
closure of theatres in 1642. It may also be
called early modern English theatre or
(misaccurately) Elizabethan theatre. It
includes the drama of William
Shakespeare, the most notable
playwright during this period.
One distinctive feature of the companies
that put on Elizabethan plays was that
they included only males.

Modern Drama
Modern drama involved much
experimentation with new forms and
ideas. In the early part of the 20th
century, musical drama came to
dominate stages in New York and
England, although each theater
season saw the release of straight
dramatic plays as well.

Types of Drama

TRAGED
attempts Y
to ask the

most basic
questions about human existence.
one of the oldest forms of drama
usually involves serious subject matter
and the death of one or more main
characters. These plays rarely have a
happy ending.

Basic
kinds
tragedy
1. Traditional
Tragedy
2. Modern

of

1. TRADITIONAL TRAGED
Three noteworthy periods of
history in which tragic drama
was produced are Greece in
the fifth century B.C. ,
England in the late sixteenth
and
early
seventeenth
centuries , and France in the
seventeenth century.
Three

A. TRAGIC
HEROES AND
Generally,
the hero or heroine
HEROINES

of
a
tragedy
is
an
extraordinary person: a king, a
queen, a general, a nobleman
or noblewoman in other
words, a person of stature.

B. TRAGIC
CIRCUMSTANCES
The central figures of
the play are caught in a
series
of
tragic
circumstances.

C. TRAGIC
IRRETRIEVABILIT
Y becomes
The situation
irretrievable: there is no
turning back, no way out.

D. ACCEPTANCE
OF
RESPONSIBILITY
The hero or heroine accepts
responsibility for his or her
actions
and
also
shows
willingness to suffer and an
immense capacity for suffering.

E. TRAGIC VERSE
The
language
of
traditional tragedy is
verse.

Oh, witherd is the garland of

war,
The soldiers pole is falln!
Young boys and girls
Are level now with men. The
odds is gone,
And there is nothing left
remarkable
Beneath the visiting moon
*Cleopatras lament upon the

2. MODERN TRAGEDY
It involves ordinary people
rather than nobility, and it is
generally written in prose
rather than verse.

Several kinds of
nontragic serious
plays
1. Heroic
drama
2. Bourgeois/
domestic drama
3. Melodrama

1. Heroic Drama
In contrasts to tragedy,
however, it has a happy
ending or an ending in
which the death of main
characters are considered
a triumph and not a
defeat.

2. Bourgeois/
Domestic Drama
deals
with
ordinary
people seriously but not
tragically.

3. Melodrama
features
exaggerated
characters
and
events
arranged to create horror or
suspense or to present a
didactic argument for some
political, moral, or social point
of view.

COMEDY
refer to plays that are light in tone, and
that typically have happy endings. The
intent of a comedic play is to make the
audience laugh. In modern theater, there
are many different styles of comedy,
ranging from realistic stories, where the
humor is derived from real-life situations,
to outrageous slapstick humor.

EXAMPLE
Much Ado About Nothing is the most
frequently
performed
Shakespearian
comedy. The play is romantically funny in
that love between Hero and Claudio is
laughable, as they never even get a
single chance to communicate on-stage
until they get married. Their relationship
lacks development and depth.

They end up merely as caricatures,

exemplifying what people face in life when
their relationships are internally weak.
Love between them is amusing, as
initially their communications are very
sparky, and they hate each other.
However, they all of sudden make up, and
start loving each other.

FORMS OF COMEDY
1.
2.
3.
4.

FARCE
BURLESQUE
SATIRE
DOMESTIC COMEDY

FARCE
characterized by greatly
exaggerated characters and
situations. Characters tend to
be one-dimensional and often
follow stereotypical behavior.

BURLESQUE
relies on knockabout, physical
humor, as well as gross
exaggeration and occasionally,
vulgarity.

SATIRE
a form related to traditional
burlesque, but with more
intellectual and moral content.

Examples of Satire in
Everyday Life
Most
political
cartoons
which we witness every day
in
newspapers
and
magazines are examples of
satire.
These
cartoons
criticize
some
recent
actions of political figures in
a comical way.

DOMESTIC COMEDY
Usually dealing with family
situations, it is found most
frequently today in television
situation comedies often
called sitcoms.

TRAGICOMEDY
drama that contains elements of tragedy
and
comedy.
One
example
of
tragicomedies is English playwright
William
Shakespeare's
so-called
reconciliation plays, such as The Winter's
Tale (1610), which reach a tragic climax
but then lighten to a happy conclusion.

MUSICAL DRAMA
In musical drama, the dramatists not
only tell their story through acting
and dialogue, nevertheless through
dance as well as music. Often the
story may be comedic, though it may
also involve serious subject.

FORMS OF DRAMA
1. Opera
2.Pantomime
3.Creative Drama

1. OPERA

Opera is a dramatic art form,

which arose during
theRenaissance.
Drama in which the text is set
to music and staged.

The texts of operas are

sung, with singing and stage
action nearly always given
instrumental accompaniment.

2. PANTOMIME
is an art of dramatic
representation by means of
facial expressions and body
movements rather than
words. Pantomime, or mime,
has always played a part in
theater.

Pantomime, or dumb show,

was essential to commedia
dell'arte, an improvised
comedy that arose in 16thcentury Italy and spread
throughout Europe.

3. CREATIVE DRAMA
includes dramatic activities
and games used primarily in
educational settings with
children.

REFERENCES
http
://www.slideshare.net/NoelParohinog/teac
hing-of-literature-drama?qid=aa66a287-39
a2-42e4-9f8a-4be3f28d1c85&v=&b=&
from_search=10
http://literarydevices.net/drama/
http://www2.anglistik.uni-freiburg.de/intra
net/englishbasics/PDF/Drama.pdf

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LISTENING!
GOD BLESS