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The Dynamics of Development

Economics that will help you understand how the society and the government works together for the better economic growth and development.

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Kemuel Cusing
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446 views

The Dynamics of Development

Economics that will help you understand how the society and the government works together for the better economic growth and development.

Uploaded by

Kemuel Cusing
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Dynamics of

Development
Presented by:
Nikolai Gabbuat
Neville Fajarito

Developmental Economics
Branch

of economics that analyze


the cultural and political
requirements for affecting rapid
structural and institutional
transformation of the entire society
in a manner that will most efficiently
bring the fruits of economic progress.

Economic Growth
Refers

to the steady process by


which the productive capacity of the
economy increased overtime to bring
about rising levels of national output
and income.
Growth means increase in output or
production.

What is Economic Development?


Refers

in the process of improving


the quality of human lives.
Development means both more
output or production and changes in
the technical and institutional
arrangements by which the factors of
production are produced and
distributed.

Characteristics of Economic
Development
Increases

in output or production has


to be sustained over a long period of
time.
Changes in economic structure would
spread out in the entire economy.
Growth has to be accompanied by an
increase in efficiency.

Major Issues of Developmental


Economics
Poverty
Inequitable

Distribution of Income
Unemployment
Population Growth
Illiteracy
Malnutrition
Rural Stagnation/Urban Migration
Environmental Decay

The Objective of the Development


Process: Man
Roads

and bridges, better


technology, increase in efficiency are
preconditions for development, but
they are never wanted for their own
sake. They are only means towards
something else to provide more
and more people with more and
better things and opportunities.

The Objective of the Development


Process: Man
The

objective of any development


process is aimed for the upliftment of
the socio-economic welfare of man.

Increase in Real Income


We

can see that when the necessary


social overhead capital are provided
and better technology and efficiency
are worked for, real income per
person increases. Increases in real
income represents availability of
more goods and opportunities for
more people.

Increase in Real Income


With

more goods and opportunities


provided for more people, the higher
will be the level of development of
more people. With hard work,
necessary incentives, and an
enlightened government, the specter
of poverty, starvation, and gloom
would be permanently eradicated.

The Human Factor in Economic


Development
If

man is the object of any


development process, man is also the
central figure in any development
process. All the factors of production
like land, capital, technology would
only assume importance of man, with
his diligence and ingenuity, would
make use of them.

The Human Factor in Economic


Development
Man is the central figure in economic
development.
It is man who possesses and applies
the stock of knowledge that he has for
use in the process of production.
The application of the stock knowledge
to the process of production is called
innovation. Through innovation, man
can solve his economic problems.

The Human Factor in Economic


Development
Man

with his abilities Innovation


Goal = Man and his needs

Classifications of Economies
Less

Developing Countries

Low income: <$875


Developing

Countries

Lower middle income: $876-$3465


Newly

Industrializing Countries

Upper middle income: $3466-$10725


Developed

Countries

High income $10725

Characteristics of Less Developed


Countries
Many

of the presently developing


countries are poorer today than the
presently developed countries at the
time that they began developing.

Characteristics of Less Developed


Countries
In

general, developing countries are


agrarian rather than industrial. Most
of the people live in rural areas, and
a large part of the national income is
generated in agriculture. Productivity
in agriculture is very low. Workers are
largely self-employed.

Characteristics of Less Developed


Countries
Income

is more inequitably
distributed in developing countries.
While the great majority of the
people are poor, only a few percent
of the people control the nations
income and wealth. Disparity in
income and wealth is often causes by
social and political tensions.

Characteristics of Less Developed


Countries
In

international trade, the bulk of


exports include only a few products,
rather than a diversified range.

Characteristics of Less Developed


Countries
In

industry, most of the manufactured


products are imported. Since import for
these products grows more rapidly than
exports of mostly agricultural products,
the problem of balance of payments
follows.
BOP problem arises when a country pays
more for its imports than what it can
receive as income through its exports.

Structural Changes in the Economy


and Society

The improvement of the living standards of


the poor.
Industrialization
The reduction of income disparities
An acceptable balance of payments
Advances in productivity, science, and
technology.
The promotion of social development and
social justice.

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