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    Tumpuan Insan: Person Centered Therapy/Counseling

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    MASIRAH
    This document discusses the key concepts of person-centered therapy/counseling. It states that humans have an inherent tendency towards self-actualization. The therapeutic relationship and creating an empathic, supportive environment are essential in person-centered therapy. The therapist aims to understand the client's perspective without judgment and help the client understand themselves better. When these growth-promoting conditions are present, clients can gain self-awareness and work towards fulfilling their potential. While effective, person-centered therapy may not address all cultural contexts and can be difficult for beginning therapists to implement.

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    Tumpuan Insan: Person Centered Therapy/Counseling

    Uploaded by

    MASIRAH
    42 views22 pages
    This document discusses the key concepts of person-centered therapy/counseling. It states that humans have an inherent tendency towards self-actualization. The therapeutic relationship and creating an empathic, supportive environment are essential in person-centered therapy. The therapist aims to understand the client's perspective without judgment and help the client understand themselves better. When these growth-promoting conditions are present, clients can gain self-awareness and work towards fulfilling their potential. While effective, person-centered therapy may not address all cultural contexts and can be difficult for beginning therapists to implement.

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    This document discusses the key concepts of person-centered therapy/counseling. It states that humans have an inherent tendency towards self-actualization. The therapeutic relationship and creating an empathic, supportive environment are essential in person-centered therapy. The therapist aims to understand the client's perspective without judgment and help the client understand themselves better. When these growth-promoting conditions are present, clients can gain self-awareness and work towards fulfilling their potential. While effective, person-centered therapy may not address all cultural contexts and can be difficult for beginning therapists to implement.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    42 views22 pages

    Tumpuan Insan: Person Centered Therapy/Counseling

    Uploaded by

    MASIRAH
    This document discusses the key concepts of person-centered therapy/counseling. It states that humans have an inherent tendency towards self-actualization. The therapeutic relationship and creating an empathic, supportive environment are essential in person-centered therapy. The therapist aims to understand the client's perspective without judgment and help the client understand themselves better. When these growth-promoting conditions are present, clients can gain self-awareness and work towards fulfilling their potential. While effective, person-centered therapy may not address all cultural contexts and can be difficult for beginning therapists to implement.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 22

    Tumpuan Insan

    Person Centered
    Therapy/Counseling

    man lives essentially in his own personal and


    subjective world, and even his most objectives
    functioning in science, mathematics, and the
    like, is the result of subjective purpose and
    subjective choice (Rogers 1959, hlm. 191)

    the inherent tendency of the organism to


    develop all its capacities in way which serve to
    maintain or enhance the organism (Rogers
    1959, hlm. 196)

    Kehidupan adalah proses yang aktif


    yang melibatkan organisma
    berinteraksi dengan persekitaran
    yang direkabentuk untuk mengekal,
    meningkat dan membiak.
    Justeru tiada kepuasan
    Bagaimana dgn fictional finalism?
    Striving for superiority ?

    The power of positive self concept

    Pemangkin perubahan pada diri klien adalah


    interaksi dan hubungan yang mesra dan
    akrab.

    Konsep kendiri sebagai tunjang


    pembentukan personaliti

    Berdasarkan Konsep Kendiri yang terbina


    hasil pembelajaran pengalaman berlaku
    percanggahan antara kehendak
    kesempurnaan yang ideal dengan alam
    situasi sebenar .

    Pertembungan kehendak kendiri ideal (ideal self) dengan


    kendiri sebenar (real self) akan menggerakkan suasana
    kecelaruan atau konflik tingkahlaku.
    Real
    self

    Ideal
    Self
    Real
    self

    Ideal
    Self

    SEPADAN

    Kendiri Ideal Vs Kendiri Sebenar

    Real
    self

    Ideal
    Self

    Real
    Real
    self
    self

    Ideal
    Self

    Sekiranya keadaan yang sesuai

    dapat diwujudkan, maka individu


    akan dapat menggunakan potensi
    yang ada ke arah kesempurnaan dan
    kesejahteraan diri

    KESEMPURNAAN
    KENDIRI

    SELF
    FULFILLMENT

    PENGHARGAN
    KENDIRI
    PSYCHOLOGY
    KASIH SAYANG DAN
    KEPUNYAAN
    KEPERLUAN KESELAMATAN
    KEPERLUN
    ASAS
    KEPERLUAN FISIOLOGI

    MASLOWS Hierarchy OF NEEDS

    Person-Centered View of Human


    Nature

    At their core, humans are trustworthy and positive

    Humans are capable of making changes and living


    productive, effective lives

    Humans innately gravitate toward self-actualization


    Actualizing tendency

    Given the right growth-fostering conditions,


    individuals strive to move forward and fulfill their
    creative nature

    Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 7 (1)

    Person-Centered Therapy

    (A reaction against the directive and psychoanalytic


    approaches)

    Challenges:
    The assumption that the counselor knows

    best
    The validity of advice, suggestion,
    persuasion, teaching, diagnosis, and
    interpretation
    The belief that clients cannot understand
    and resolve their own problems without
    direct help
    The focus on problems over persons
    Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 7 (2)

    Person-Centered Therapy

    Emphasizes:
    Therapy as a journey shared by two

    fallible/imperfect people
    The persons innate striving for selfactualization
    The personal characteristics of the therapist
    and the quality of the therapeutic relationship
    The counselors creation of a permissive,
    growth-promoting climate
    People are capable of self-directed growth if
    involved in a therapeutic relationship

    Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 7 (3)

    Therapy is a Growth-Promoting
    Climate

    Congruence
    Genuineness or realness
    in the therapy session
    Therapists behaviors
    match his or her words

    Kekongruenan
    Ketulenan atau realiti dalam

    sesi terapi
    Tingkah laku terapis serasi
    dengan penampilan atau
    perkataan beliau

    Unconditional positive
    Penerimaan +ve Tanpa
    regard
    syarat
    Acceptance and genuine
    Penerimaan dan penyayang
    caring about the client
    tulen thdp klien sebagai
    as a valuable person
    individu yang bernilai
    Accepting clients as they
    Menerima klien seperti
    presently are
    seadanya/yang sekarang
    Therapist need not
    Terapis perlu tidak
    approve of all client
    membenarkan semua tingkah
    laku klien
    behavior
    Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 7 (4)

    Accurate empathic understanding


    The ability to deeply grasp the clients

    subjective world
    Helper attitudes are more important than
    knowledge
    The therapist need not experience the situation
    to develop an understanding of it from the
    clients perspective

    Six Conditions

    (necessary and sufficient for personality changes to occur)

    1. Two persons are in psychological contact


    2. The first, the client, is experiencing incongruence
    3. The second person, the therapist, is congruent or
    integrated in the relationship
    4. The therapist experiences unconditional positive
    regard or real caring for the client
    5. The therapist experiences empathy for the
    clients internal frame of reference and endeavors
    to communicate this to the client
    6. The communication to the client is, to a minimal
    degree, achieved
    Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 7 (5)

    The Therapist

    Focuses on the quality of the therapeutic


    relationship

    Provides a supportive therapeutic environment in


    which the client is the agent of change and healing

    Serves as a model of a human being struggling


    toward greater realness

    Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 7 (6)

    The Therapist

    Is genuine, integrated, and authentic, without a


    false front

    Can openly express feelings and attitudes that are


    present in the relationship with the client

    Is invested in developing his or her own life


    experiences to deepen self- knowledge and move
    toward self-actualization

    Application to Group Counseling

    Therapist takes on the role of facilitator

    Creates therapeutic environment


    Techniques are not stressed
    Exhibits deep trust of the group members
    Provides support for members
    Group members set the goals for the group

    Group setting fosters an open and accepting


    community where members can work on selfacceptance

    Individuals learn that they do not have to


    experience the process of change alone and grow
    Theoryfrom
    and Practice
    of Counseling
    and Psychotherapy
    - Chapter 7members
    (7)
    the
    support
    of group

    Person-Centered Expressive Arts


    Therapy

    Various creative art forms


    promote healing and self-discovery
    are inherently healing and promote self-awareness and insight

    Creative expression connects us to our feelings which are a


    source of life energy.
    Feelings must be experienced to achieve self-awareness.

    Individuals explore new facets of the self and uncover insights


    that transform them, creating wholeness
    Discovery of wholeness leads to understanding of how we relate to

    the outer world.

    The clients inner world and outer world become unified.

    Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 7 (8)

    Conditions for Creativity

    Acceptance of the individual

    A non-judgmental setting

    Empathy

    Psychological freedom

    Stimulating and challenging experiences

    Individuals who have experienced unsafe creative


    environments feel held back and may disengage from
    creative processes

    Safe, creative environments give clients permission to be


    authentic and to delve deeply into their experiences

    Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 7 (9)

    Limitations of the Person-Centered Approach

    Cultural considerations
    Some clients may prefer a more directive, structured treatment
    Individuals accustomed to indirect communication may not be comfortable

    with direct expression of empathy or creativity


    Individuals from collectivistic cultures may disagree with the emphasis on
    internal locus of control

    Does not focus on the use of specific techniques, making this


    treatment difficult to standardize

    Beginning therapists may find it difficult to provide both support and


    challenges to clients

    Limits of the therapist as a person may interfere with developing a


    genuine therapeutic relationship

    Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 7 (10)

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