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Acoustical Materilas

This document discusses different types of acoustical materials used for sound absorption. It describes porous materials like acoustical boards, blankets, and plasters which absorb sound through a cellular structure. It also covers panel and membrane absorbers that use an air gap behind an impervious material. Cavity resonators are discussed, including Helmholtz resonators that absorb specific frequencies through an enclosed air space and opening. The document provides examples and characteristics of various commercial acoustical materials.

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Muthuveerappan Chockalingam
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1K views34 pages

Acoustical Materilas

This document discusses different types of acoustical materials used for sound absorption. It describes porous materials like acoustical boards, blankets, and plasters which absorb sound through a cellular structure. It also covers panel and membrane absorbers that use an air gap behind an impervious material. Cavity resonators are discussed, including Helmholtz resonators that absorb specific frequencies through an enclosed air space and opening. The document provides examples and characteristics of various commercial acoustical materials.

Uploaded by

Muthuveerappan Chockalingam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Definition: Defines acoustical materials and their impact on noise reduction and acoustics.
  • Methods of Absorption: Details the different methods of sound absorption including frictional, flexural, and resonating techniques.
  • General Classifications of Acoustical Materials: Classifies acoustical materials into porous, panel or membrane absorbers, and cavity resonators.
  • Porous Materials: Explores the characteristics and commercial categories of soft porous materials, including their absorptive properties.
  • Acoustical Boards: Discusses installation methods, visual examples, and advantages and disadvantages of acoustical boards.
  • Acoustic Hangers: Details on acoustic hangers and their application within architectural spaces for sound modification.
  • Geocoustic Tiles and Panels: Explains the use of geocoustic tiles in architectural acoustics with illustrated examples.
  • Diffusers: Describes the role of diffusers in acoustics, including visual examples of applications.
  • Plasters and Sprayed-On Materials: Introduces plasters and sprayed materials for acoustical applications, including types and benefits.
  • Acoustic Blankets: Covers the usage of acoustic blankets for isolation and sound absorption purposes.
  • Acoustic Foam Boards: Discusses the construction and application of acoustic foam boards for sound management.
  • Carpets and Fabric: Presents carpets and fabric materials in acoustical applications with visual interior examples.
  • Panel Absorbers: Explains the panel absorbers' construction and acoustical significance within spaces.
  • Cavity Resonators: Provides an overview of cavity resonators including classifications and their role in acoustics.
  • Space Absorbers: Describes sound-absorbing objects used in scenarios where traditional enclosures are not feasible.
  • Variable Absorbers: Explores absorbers that can change their properties through movement for varied acoustical effects.
  • Selection Criteria: Lists important criteria for selecting appropriate sound-absorbing finishes for buildings.

ACOUSTICAL

MATERIALS
By:MUTHUVEERAPPAN.C

DEFINITION

COMMERCIAL and CUSTOM


DESIGNED building materials and
surface treatment which
contribute significantly to
acoustical control or to noise
reduction

METHODS of
ABSORPTION

Frictional

Flexural

Resonating

ACOUSTICAL
MATERIALS

General Classifications:
Porous Materials
Panel or Membrane Absorbers
Cavity (Helmholtz) Resonators

POROUS MATERIALS
Soft, porous materials are very good
sound absorbers.
The basic acoustical characteristic of
these materials is a cellular network of
interlocking pores.
Within these pores, incident sound
energy is converted into heat.
Examples of these include acoustical
boards, diffusers, soft plasters, mineral
wool, and acoustical blankets, among
others.

POROUS MATERIALS

Characteristics:
Their sound absorption is more efficient at high,
rather than low frequencies. However, their
acoustical efficiency improves in the low
frequency range with increased thickness and
with distance to their solid backing

POROUS MATERIALS

Categories of Commercial
Materials:
Pre-fabricated Acoustical Units

Various types of perforated, fissured, or


textured materials constitute typical
units in this group
Commonly used materials include:
Acoustical Boards
Acoustic Hangers
Geocoustic Tiles
Diffusers

ACOUSTICAL
BOARDS
These can be
installed in several
ways:
Cemented to a solid
backing
Nailed or screwed to
wood framing
Laid in a ceiling
suspension system

ACOUSTICAL BOARDS

ACOUSTICAL BOARDS

ACOUSTICAL BOARDS
Advantages
Trade catalogs contain detailed
specifications
Easy installation and maintenance
Flexible absorption

Disadvantages
Difficult to conceal joints between units
Soft structure subject to damage
Paint redecoration harmful to absorption

ACOUSTIC
HANGERS

Acoustic Hangers or baffles- a system of fiber-board


panels that are wrapped with insulation and are hung
freely using wire or rope.

Sample of Acoustic
Hangers

ACOUSTIC HANGERS

GEOCOUSTIC TILES and PANELS


Geocoustic Tiles- special prefabricated units for random
application on walls and ceilings.

GEOCOUSTIC TILES and


PANELS

GEOCOUSTIC TILES and


PANELS

DIFFUSERS
Diffusers- absorptive material that have, irregular
surfaces, or angled or curved fronts, so when mounted on
a wall or the ceiling they stop parallel wall interference
and prevent standing waves.

DIFFUSERS

PLASTERS and SPRAYED-ON


MATERIALS
Acoustical Plasters and Sprayed-on Materials:
Absorbent paint applied in a semiplastic consistency.
There are two types:
Type I: composed of a cementitious material such
as gypsum, cement, or lime
Type II: Fibrous materials combined with a binder
agent, sprayed on with an air gun or blower

Advantages

Disadvantages

May be used for irregular surfaces

Difficult application

Aesthetic and decorative qualities

Difficult maintenance

ACOUSTIC
BLANKETS
Acoustic Blankets-

Also referred to as Isolation Blankets.


Materials manufactured from rock wool, glass fibers, wood fibers,
hair felt, etc.

ACOUSTIC
BLANKETS

ACOUSTIC FOAM
BOARDS
Acoustic Foam Boards- High density blankets with
covering;
also act as diffusers

ACOUSTIC FOAM
BOARDS

CARPETS and
FABRIC

PANEL
ABSORBERS
Panel Absorbers- Also referred to as Membrane Absorbers.
Impervious material installed in a solid backing but separated from
it by an air space.

CAVITY
RESONATORS
Cavity Resonators- Also referred to as Helmholtz
Resonators. Materials that consist of an enclosed body of
air, confined within rigid walls and connected by a narrow
opening to the surroundings space.

Classifications
Individual Cavity Resonators
Perforated Panel Absorbers
Slit Resonators

INDIVIDUAL CAVITY
RESONATORS
Individual Cavity Resonators- Standard concrete blocks,
using regular concrete mixture, but with slotted cavities

PERFORATED PANEL
ABSORBERS
Perforated Panel Absorbers- Perforated panels spaced
away from a solid backing

SLIT RESONATORS
Slit Resonators- Isolation blankets (or alternative) covered with
slits, the whole system forming a resonator

SLIT
RESONATORS

SPACE
ABSORBERS
Space Absorbers- Sound absorbing objects which are
suspended from the ceiling, used when regular boundary
enclosures of an auditorium do not provide a suitable or adequate
area for conventional acoustical treatment.

VARIABLE ABSORBERS
Variable Absorbers- Sliding, hinged, movable, and rotatable
panels constructed to expose either absorptive or reflective
surfaces.

Details to be examined in the selection of


sound absorbing finishes
Sound Absorption / Noise Reduction
Coefficient
Possible installation methods
Maintenance
Durability
Integration with room elements
Attraction to Vermin
Thermal Insulation values
Fire resistance
Cost and Availability
Aesthetics

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