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    Form 5 Biology: Chapter 3 .3 Homeostasis

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    Zifan Nafri
    Homeostasis refers to the maintenance of relatively constant internal conditions in the body. The excretory system, especially the kidneys, plays an important role in homeostasis by regulating water balance, electrolyte levels, and blood pressure. The kidneys contain millions of nephrons, which are the functional units that filter waste from the blood to form urine via ultrafiltration, reabsorption, and secretion processes. Negative feedback mechanisms help detect changes in conditions like blood sugar and temperature levels and trigger corrective responses to maintain homeostasis.

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    Form 5 Biology: Chapter 3 .3 Homeostasis

    Uploaded by

    Zifan Nafri
    547 views12 pages
    Homeostasis refers to the maintenance of relatively constant internal conditions in the body. The excretory system, especially the kidneys, plays an important role in homeostasis by regulating water balance, electrolyte levels, and blood pressure. The kidneys contain millions of nephrons, which are the functional units that filter waste from the blood to form urine via ultrafiltration, reabsorption, and secretion processes. Negative feedback mechanisms help detect changes in conditions like blood sugar and temperature levels and trigger corrective responses to maintain homeostasis.

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    Form 5 Biology : Chapter 3 .3 Homeostasis

    Original Title

    Form 5 Biology : Chapter 3 .3 Homeostasis

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    Homeostasis refers to the maintenance of relatively constant internal conditions in the body. The excretory system, especially the kidneys, plays an important role in homeostasis by regulating water balance, electrolyte levels, and blood pressure. The kidneys contain millions of nephrons, which are the functional units that filter waste from the blood to form urine via ultrafiltration, reabsorption, and secretion processes. Negative feedback mechanisms help detect changes in conditions like blood sugar and temperature levels and trigger corrective responses to maintain homeostasis.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    547 views12 pages

    Form 5 Biology: Chapter 3 .3 Homeostasis

    Uploaded by

    Zifan Nafri
    Homeostasis refers to the maintenance of relatively constant internal conditions in the body. The excretory system, especially the kidneys, plays an important role in homeostasis by regulating water balance, electrolyte levels, and blood pressure. The kidneys contain millions of nephrons, which are the functional units that filter waste from the blood to form urine via ultrafiltration, reabsorption, and secretion processes. Negative feedback mechanisms help detect changes in conditions like blood sugar and temperature levels and trigger corrective responses to maintain homeostasis.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    Homeostasis

    Prepared by :
    Irfan Nafiz Bin Mazdi Faizal
    Bac (Hons) Information Technology in
    Engineering
    MCSE : Enterprise Devices and Apps
    (Microsoft)

    1. Homeostasis is the maintenance of a relatively constant


    internal environment.
    Physical factor such as body temperature and blood
    pressure while chemical factor are sugar level and
    osmotic pressure such as partial of carbon dioxide and
    oxygen
    2. The excretory system
    Plays an important role in homeostasis
    The primary organs of the excretory system are the
    kidneys.

    Medulla

    Cortex

    Renal Artery

    Renal Vein

    Pelvis

    Kidney

    Ureter

    Pyramid

    Renal Tubule :
    Proximal convoluted
    tubule
    Loop of Henle
    Distal convoluted
    tubule

    Bowmans Capsule

    glomerulu
    s
    Bowman
    s
    campsule

    Nephron

    Renal tubule

    Formation of
    urine :
    o Ultrafiltration
    o Reabsorption
    o Secretion

    Red Blood
    cell and
    plasma
    protein
    remain in
    the blood
    because the
    too large
    too pass
    trough
    filtration
    membrane,

    Ultrafiltration
    Podocyctes/endhothelium of glomerulus
    form filtration membrane
    High hydrostatic pressure : Afferent
    ateriole larger diameter than efferent
    ateriole
    The fluid enters into capsular space =
    glomerular filtrate

    Glomerular filtrate: water, glucose , amino


    acids , urea mineral salts and other small
    molecules

    Reabsorption

    Secretion

    Negative Feedback Mechanisms


    Excess the value rises above
    the normal value

    Corrective Mechanisms

    Negative
    feedback
    Normal Value

    Normal Value
    Negative
    feedback

    Deficiency the value drops


    below the normal value

    Corrective Mechanisms

    THE REGULATION OF BLOOD


    OSMOTIC PRESSURE
    DROPS/RISES THE NORMAL
    RANGE

    Detected by
    osmoreseptors in
    hypothalamus
    Decrease in
    solute potential

    Decreas
    ed
    water
    Normal plasma
    intake

    An increased
    in ADH
    released from
    posterior
    pituitary

    Plasma solute
    potential increases

    osmotic level
    Increas
    ed
    water
    Increased
    in
    intake

    Plasma solute
    potential decreases

    solute potential
    Detected by
    osmoreseptors in
    hypothalamus

    A decreased
    in ADH
    released from
    posterior
    pituitary

    Increased permeability
    of distal convoluted
    tubule and collecting
    duct to water
    Greater proportion of
    water reabsorption in
    renal tubules
    A small volume of
    concentration urine
    produced
    A large volume of dilute
    urine produced
    smaller proportion of
    water reabsorption in
    renal tubules
    Decreased permeability
    of distal convoluted
    tubule and collecting
    duct to water

    Haemodialysis is the
    process of filtering
    blood by using an
    artificial means that
    replaces the functions
    of a failed kidney

    Haemodialysis/
    Kidney

    After
    meal
    Rise in blood
    glucose level
    Secretion of more
    insulin(-cells) or less
    glucagon by pancreas

    During fasting or after


    exercise
    Drop in blood
    glucose level
    Secretion of less
    insulin or more
    glucagon(-cells) by
    pancreas

    Liver cells
    Liver cell
    Decrease in
    Increase in
    +
    absorb
    break down +
    glucose
    glucose
    glucose
    glycogen
    uptake by
    uptake by
    from blood
    into
    body cells for
    body cells for
    to form
    glucoseTHE respiration
    respiration
    REGULATION
    Blood glucose level
    glycogen
    returns to normal
    OF GLUCOSE LEVEL

    Body
    tempratures
    increase/decrea
    se above 37 C

    Thermoreseptors
    in the
    hypothalamus
    detect the
    increase
    /decrease in body
    temprature

    Thermoreseptors
    in the skin detect
    the
    increase/decereas
    e in external
    temprature

    Thermoregulatory centre
    in the hypothalamus

    Effector

    Thermoregulati

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