SET B

Summative Assessment - III 2025 - 2026

(Model Question Paper)
Biology
Time : 1 ½ Hours Class : X
Score : 40

Instructions
• The first 15 minutes are cool-off time.
• This time can be used for reading the questions and planning the answers

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• Write answers only according to the instructions and questions.

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• While writing the answers, consider the score and time.

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• Question numbers 5, 10, 13, 16 and 18 are given choices.

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Answer questions 1 to 4 (1 score each) (4 x 1=4)

1. Identify the statement which is not the characteristic of DNA and choose the correct

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option from the given statements. (1)
Statements:
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i. Two strands are present..
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ii. Adenine, Thymine, Uracil, and Guanine are the nitrogen bases.
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iii. The sugar deoxyribose is present.

A. i and ii
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B. i and iii
C. ii only
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D. iii only
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2. Analyse the table and find out the correct one from the given options. (1)
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A B
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P. Aldosterone i. Controls sexual development

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Q. Androgens ii. Suppresses the Immune responses

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R. Cortisol iii. Regulates blood pressure

iv. Helps in the body growth.

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A. P-ii, Q-iii. R-iv

B. P-iii, Q-i, R-ii
C. P-iv, Q-ii, R-i
D. P-ii, Q-i, R-iii

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3. Examine the statement and the reason, and choose the correct answer from the given
options. (1)
Statement: Chemoreceptors help to sense taste.
Reason: Chemoreceptors are found in the mucous membrane of the nose.
A. Both the statement and the reason are correct.
B. Both the statement and the reason are incorrect.
C. The statement is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D. The statement is incorrect, but the reason is correct.

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4. Some physiological changes that occur during emergency situations are given below.
Analyse them and find out which ones occur when the sympathetic system is stimulated

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from the given options. (1)
i. Slows down peristalsis.

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ii. Increases production of saliva.

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iii. Decreases heartbeat.

iv. Decreases production of saliva.

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A. i, ii correct iii, iv incorrect.
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B. i, iii correct ii, iv incorrect
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C. ii, iv correct i, iii incorrect

D. i, iv correct ii, iii incorrect
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Answer questions 5 to 11 2 scores each. (7 x 2=14)

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5. (A). A cross between a plant with red flowers and a plant with white flowers conducted by
Gregor Mendel is illustrated below . Analyse it and answer the following questions.
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(2)

Red flowers x White flowers

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RR x rr

Gametes R r
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F1
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a) Write the genotype and phenotype of F1.

b) Illustrate the cross between the F₁ plant and the parent plant that produces white
flowers.
(OR)

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(B). When a tall plant producing round seeds was crossed with a dwarf plant producing
wrinkled seeds, the genotype of the first generation obtained was TtRr.

a) Which gametes are likely to be produced when this plant is self-pollinated ?

b) Which phenotypes appear in the second generation that are different from the
parent organisms?

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Based on Darwin’s theory of evolution, explain the following statement: (2)

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6.

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"The variation in the beaks of finches in the Galapagos Islands resulted in their
survival.".

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7. Explain the role of the following hormones in the process shown in the illustration. (2)
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• Gibberellins
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• Cytokinins
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8. "Growth in technology plays an essential role in the survival and conservation of nature
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and its living beings." Write two examples that justify this statement. (2)
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9. “Since the AB blood group does not have antibodies, it can receive blood from donors of
any blood group”. Do you agree with this statement? Why? (2)

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10. (A). Observe the following illustration of a communicable disease transmitted by
mosquitoes and answer the given questions. (2)

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a) Identify the disease and write its symptoms.

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b) What precautions can be taken to prevent this disease?

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(OR)
(B). The illustration shows a disease that causes excessive bleeding even from small

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wounds. Observe it and answer the questions given below.

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a) Name the disease ? What is the cause of this disease?

b) Suggest any one method of treatment for this disease.
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11. An important trend in human evolution is illustrated.

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Organic evolution
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Cranial capacity- 350cm3 Cranial capacity- 1350cm3

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How has this change that occurred through the process of evolution influenced the survival
of modern humans? (2)

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Answer questions 12 to 17 . 3 scores each (6 x 3=18)

12. Observe the illustration and answer the given questions.. (3)
A

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a) How is the molecule A formed in this process?
b) Explain the role of tRNA and rRNA in the formation of the molecule B.

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13. (A). Analyse the illustrations X, Y, and Z and answer the questions. (3)

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a) Which immune mechanism is shown in the illustration?

b) Explain how this process takes place.
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(OR)
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(B). Analyse the illustration and answer the questions.

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a) Which immune mechanism is shown in the illustration?

b) How does this process help in destroying pathogens?
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14. The different layers of cells in the retina are given as indicators. Write the function of each.
(3)
Indicators :
• Layer of photoreceptors
• Bipolar cell layer
• Ganglion cell layer

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15. Redraw the diagram and answer the questions? (3)

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R

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a) Redraw the diagram.

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b) Name the parts labelled as P and Q.
c) Write any one function of the part labelled as R.

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16. (A). Analyse the illustration and answer the questions. (3)

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a) Name the process? a) How does this process bring about changes in the genetic
makeup of organisms?
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b) Write the names of the enzymes used in the processes P and Q.

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(OR)
(B). A description related to a gene-editing technology is given below. Analyse it and
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answer the questions.

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“ The sequence of nitrogen bases in DNA is edited so as to make changes in the

characteristic of an organism. Through that, unwanted characteristics can be
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removed or new characteristics can be added.”.

a) Name the process mentioned in the description.
b) What are the roles of guide RNA and Cas9 in this technology?

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17. The cochlea, which is part of the inner ear, is shown in the illustration. Observe it and
answer the given questions. (3)

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a) Which fluid fills the upper and lower chambers?

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b) Write the name of the part labelled X. What is its importance in the hearing process?

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Answer questions 18. 4 scores. (1 x 4=4)

18. (A). P and Q are the hormones that regulate the glucose level in the blood. Observe the

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illustration and answer the given questions. (3)
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a) Which cells produce the hormone P? Write the name of the gland where these cells
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are found.
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b) Explain the role of the hormone Q in regulating blood glucose levels.

c) Write any two lifestyle habits that should be adopted to control type 2 diabetes,
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which is commonly seen in children.

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(OR)
(B). Examine the indicators and explain their role in regulating the water balance in the
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body during summer and winter.

Indicators :
• Vasopressin
• Hypothalamus

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SET B
Model Question Paper 2025-26
Class : 10 Biology Time : 1½ hours
Score : 40

Scoring Key and Marking Scheme

Further
Qn. No Score Answer/ Value Points
Information
C. ii only

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1 1

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2 1 B. P-iii, Q-i, R-ii
C. Statement correct, reason incorrect

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3 1

4 1 D. i, iv correct ii, iii incorrect

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5. A) a 1 Rr , Red flowers

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b 1
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(OR)
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B) a 1 TR, Tr, tR, tr

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b 1 Tall and wrinkled seeded , dwarf and round seeded.

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The beaks of medium-sized seed-eating finches are different

6 2 from those of large seed-eating and insect-eating ones. The
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beaks are their main means to obtain food. Birds with beaks of
suitable shape or size, depending on the availability of food
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resources in the environment, will survive and produce more

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offspring.

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1 Gibberellins - break seed dormancy.

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1 • Cytokinins - stimulate cell division and cell differentiation
in germinating seeds.
8 Wildlife Tracking Sensors, Global Biodiversity Data Sensors,
2 Cryopreservation, Bioremediation
( any two / including their use)

Agree.

9 2 Since AB blood group has no antibodies, it does not react with

the antigens in the donor’s blood, and therefore blood clotting
does not occur.

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10) A. a) Malaria.

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1 Intermittent fever, chills and shivering, head ache, vomiting,
muscular pain, body pain and fatigue
b) 1

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Since the disease is spread by mosquitoes, precautions should
be taken for mosquito control.

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(OR)
10) B. a) 1 Haemophilia. Defect of the gene that controls the production of
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proteins responsible for blood clotting.
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b) 1 Gene therapy / protein therapy
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The increase in the size of the brain gave complex social

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behaviour, to make tools, to use language, and to perform

11 2 higher-level cognitive functions. The increase in cranial
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capacity has also helped man to adapt to changing

environments, develop culture and to use advanced
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technologies.
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12. a) 1 formed from a specific nucleotide sequence (gene) in DNA

with the help of various enzymes.
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b) tRNA (transfer RNA)

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carry specific amino acids to the ribosome based on message in

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the mRNA
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rRNA (ribosomal RNA)

helps in the formation of bonds between amino acids./ combine
1 amino acids to make protein.
13) A. a) 1 Clotting of blood.

b) 2 The platelets and damaged tissues at the site of injury produce

an enzyme called thromboplastin. This converts a protein in the
blood plasma called prothrombin into thrombin. Thrombin then
converts an inactive protein called fibrinogen into fibrin. The
fibrin forms a network of fibers that traps red blood cells,
forming a blood clot.
(OR)

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Inflammatory response

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13) B. a) 1
The cells at the injured part releases histamine and other

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b) 2
chemical substances. This dilates the blood vessels. As blood
flow increases, blood cells such as monocytes and neutrophils

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reach the injured area. They engulf and destroy the pathogens.

14 1 • The layer in which photoreceptors are seen. Rod cells

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recognise objects in both dim light and in shades of black
and white. The cone cells provide vision in intense light
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and also help in recognising colours.
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1 • Transmits impulses from the photoreceptors to ganglion
cells.
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1 • Transmits impulses from bipolar cells to the optic nerve.

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15. a) 1 To redraw the diagram

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b) 1 P - Dendron, Q - Axonite
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increase the speed of transmission of messages by acting as an

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c) 1
insulator, provide nourishment to the neuron and to protect the
axon from external injuries. (any 1 function)
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16) A. a) 2 Recombinant DNA technology. The genetic constitution of an

organism can be altered by adding or removing genes.
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P- Ligase, Q- Restriction endonuclease

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b) 1
(OR)
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16) B. a) CRISPR Technology

b) 1 guide RNA: precisely identifies the DNA segment that needs to

be cut.
2
Cas9 : cuts the DNA segment identified by the guide RNA
17. a) 1 Perilymph

b) 2 Organ of corti. The vibrations that reach the hair cells present
here generate impulses. These impulses reach the brain through
auditory nerve resulting in the sense of hearing.

18) A.
a) 1 Beta cells. Pancreas
b) 2 converts glycogen into glucose.

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Synthesise glucose from amino acids.

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c) • Healthy food habits
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• Exercise
(OR)

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18) B.
3 • Excessive heat and sweating during summer can lead to

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dehydration, which increases the production of vasopressin.
It speeds up water reabsorption in the kidney. As a result,
the production of urine decreases, and dehydration is
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prevented. During winter, since dehydration through
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sweating is reduced, the reabsorption of water from the
kidneys also decreases.
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1 • Vasopressin is produced by the hypothalamus.

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