History of Criminalistics
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ScribdTranslationsESTUDIANTE PNP : CHURA COTRADO, Yhak Anderson
COURSE CRIMINALISTICS
TEACHER CALISAYA SILVA, Wilfredo
SECTION IC 2da
HISTORY OF THE CRIMINALISTICS OF THE NATIONAL POLICE
FROM PERU
The term 'Criminalistics' was first used in Germany, under the
the name 'kriminalistik'. In France, it was known as
Criminology. Subsequently, in Italian and Spanish, 'Criminalística' was accepted.
Forensic science is the legal, methodological, and technical science that integrates the
different disciplines of scientific knowledge applicable to crime investigation
end of establishing through the study and/or analysis of the clues or evidence the
motive, the tests, circumstances, and the means used for its execution, as such
such as the identification of the author or authors.
For the present work, it must be properly established, the way in which it has
arrived 'CRIMINOLOGY' to our homeland; this specialty, which in a
initially emerged as a methodological technique, to later be conceived as a
scientific specialty, derived from Criminology, as an indispensable assistant
from the initial investigation of the crime, for which purpose it is born with it who
would become the executor of such a magnificent work, being called "EXPERT"
"CRIMINALISTIC", by virtue of its art, skill, and wisdom.
It is at the beginning of the year 1937, when the noble police institution called
as 'Body of Investigation and Surveillance' (C.I.V.I.), creates on May 27, the first
Forensic Laboratory, providing in its organizational chart the functioning of
the Departments of Expertise in Graphotechnics, Ballistics, and others, which still to the
date exist as such; on that date it was sent in advance for the purpose of
instruction abroad, to its first members so that they can be trained and
trained in this new weapon against crime.
La primera disciplina precursora de la criminalística fue lo que en la actualidad se
known as dactyloscopy, the science that studies fingerprints.
Criminalistics as we understand it is born from the hand of forensic medicine, in
Back to the 17th century, when doctors took part in judicial proceedings.
Before knowing the development and evolution of forensic science, we must distinguish
two stages.
Mistaken stage: this stage is distinguished because the police, in the fight against
crime used the method of confidential services, "THE
"SOPLÓN" and applies the routine methods acquired over a hundred years of
experience of the souls of wrongdoers. There is a covenant and exchange
of service, between the police and crime.
Eugene Francois Vidocq (1811): He was the most wanted thief and the most
cursed for all of France for almost two decades, until one day he
he decides to change his way of life to become a defender of the
Law and in the best of policemen. Vidocq is credited with numerous advances.
in the field of criminal investigation, introducing the studies of
ballistics, the recording and creation of files with the investigations of the
cases, or criminology itself. He was the first to use molds to collect
traces of the crime scene. Their anthropometric techniques would be great
repercussion.
Scientific stage: This stage begins to develop with the revolution.
scientific, initiated since the late last century, and developed
fully in the current century, the advances of
scientific knowledge in: chemistry, physics, biology, medicine.
Alphonse Bertillon (1879), Juan Vucetich (1892), William Herschel, Francis
Galton: French police officer, son of Louis-Adolphe Bertillon (doctor, anthropologist)
and statistician just like Alphonse's brother, Jacques Bertillon, who
he was also a doctor and statistician); he worked as a tutor in Scotland and, to his
returning to France, he worked for the Paris police. Investigator and promoter of
methods of anthropological individualization. In 1882, he presented a new
discipline: anthropometry. It was a technique for identification
criminals based on the measurement of various parts of the body and the head,
individual marks, tattoos, scars, and personal characteristics of the
suspicious.
He developed the necessary methodology for the registration and comparison of all the
data of the processed. In 1884, he applied this procedure to identify
241 multiple offenders, which is why their procedure gained huge
prestige and was quickly adopted in Europe and the U.S.
