hoo

TTh m
m p
p s
s o
o n
n
Mooddeell
M
By Adhyaansh,Kabeer,Saadhya,Evita,Zara
Our Team

Adhyaansh: Saadhya:
Researcher+Presenter Citation Kabeer: Evita: Zara:
+Presentation checker+researcher Researcher Quiz Presenter
maker+Quiz creater Creator+Researcher
+presentation maker
Learning
Objectives
We will be learning about the key
postulates,advantages and limitations of the model.

We will also get to know how did the next model

Attempt a quiz based on everything learnt today.

-Saadhya
What is the thompson model?
What is the thompson model?

The Thomson model was initiated by William Thomson in the year 1900. This model talked
about the description of an inner formation of the atom . It was strongly supported by Sir
Joseph Thomson, who had discovered the electron earlier.

Thomson assumed that an electron is two thousand times lighter than a proton and believed
that an atom is made up of thousands of electrons. In this atomic structure model, he
considered atoms surrounded by a cloud having positive as well as negative charges. The
demonstration of the natural action of air by X-ray was also done by him together with
Rutherford. They were the first to demonstrate it. Thomson’s model of an atom is similar to a
plum pudding aka it looked like a pudding with plums scattered in it.

-Evita
Key Postulates/Principles
Key Postulates/Principles
The key principles are that an atom consists of a positively charged sphere with electrons
inserted in it and that an atom as a whole is electrically neutral because the negative and
positive charges are equal in weight.

Eg- Thomson atomic model is compared to a watermelon. Where he considered:

-Adhyaansh
Advantages Limitations
It was not able to explain the strength
The only advantage is that it is a very of an atom because his model of atom
simple visual model of an atom. failed to explain how a positive charge
holds the negatively charged electrons in
an atom. Therefore, This theory also
failed to account for the position of the
nucleus in an atom
Thomson’s model failed to explain the
spreading of alpha particles by thin
metal foils
No experimental evidence was in its
support.

-Zara -Zara
Applications of the Thompson Plum Pudding
Applications of the Thompson Plum Pudding

Model in
Model in Real-life
Real-life scenarios...
scenarios...
Cathode-ray tubes (CRTs)
Used in old televisions and oscilloscopes.
Vacuum tubes
Used in early computers, radios, and amplifiers. electron
Early television screens
Based on cathode-ray tube technology.
Electron microscopes
Powerful tools for magnifying very small objects, used in science and
medicine.
Modern electronics
The understanding of electrons led to the invention of transistors and
semiconductors, which power all electronic devices today (like phones,
computers, etc.). J.J. Thomson's Plum Pudding
Semiconductors
The foundation of modern computing and digital technology. Model of the Atom

-Adhyaansh
How did the Rutherford model
improve upon the Thompson Model?
electron
This model was proposed by J.J. Thomson in 1904. An
atom consists of a positively charged sphere with
electrons inserted in it. Ernest Rutherford found that
the atom is mostly empty in space, with nearly all of
its mass concentrated in a tiny central nucleus. The
nucleus is positively charged and surrounded at a nucleus
great distance by the negatively charged electrons.
Rutherford’s atomic model described the atom as a
tiny dense nucleus surrounded by orbiting electrons. Ernest Rutherford’s Nuclear
Model of the Atom

-Kabir
Thomson’s Plum Pudding Model’s
Thomson’s Plum Pudding Model’s

Atomic Theory!
Atomic Theory!

Thomson proposed that the shape of an atom resembles that of a sphere having a radius of the
order of 10-10 m. The positively charged particles are uniformly distributed with electrons arranged
in such a manner that the atom is electrostatically stable. Thomson’s atomic model was also called
the plum pudding model or the watermelon model. The embedded electrons resembled the seed of a
watermelon while the watermelon’s red mass represented the positive charge distribution. The plum
pudding atomic theory assumed that the mass of an atom is uniformly distributed all over the
atom.

-Saadhya
Implications
ccc

-Saadhya
NEW WORDS!
1-Ionization
- When an atom gains or loses electrons and becomes charged.
2- Electron
- A tiny negative particle in an atom.
(It moves around the center.)
3- Proton
-A positive particle inside the center of an atom.
(It helps decide which element it is.)
4- Sphere
- A round ball shape (like a football or bubble).
5- Radius
- The distance from the center of a circle or ball to the edge.

-Saadhya
Sources!
Sources!
Badash, Lawrence. “Ernest Rutherford | Accomplishments, Atomic Theory, & Facts.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, 26 Aug. 2022,
[Link]/biography/Ernest-Rutherford.

BYJU'S. “Thomson Atomic Model - Plum Pudding Model, Postulates, Limitations.” BYJUS, 2020, [Link]/chemistry/thomsons-model/.

Chemistry LibreTexts. “Home.” Chemistry LibreTexts, 2 Oct. 2013, [Link].

Encyclopedia Britannica. “Thomson Atomic Model | Description & Image.” Encyclopædia Britannica, 18 Dec. 2017, [Link]/science/Thomson-atomic-model.

Shivani Poonia. “Thomson Atomic Model: Definition, Diagram, Limitations, Example.” Careers360, 13 Sept. 2024, [Link]/chemistry/thomson-atomic-model-
topic-pge.

The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica. “Rutherford Atomic Model | Definition & Facts.” Encyclopædia Britannica, 13 Dec. 2018, [Link]/science/Rutherford-
atomic-model.
-Saadhya
-Evita
Thank you!