INDIAN INSTITUTE O
DESIGNINTERIOR DESIG
DEPARTMENT
MODULE I - 30Days (2nd July,2025 - 2nd
August,2025)
SKETCHING AN DRAFTING (B.Sc.) - BID06
BASIC OF DRAFTING (B.I.D.) - BDESID 01
TOPIC
INTRODUCTION TO INTERIOR
PRESENTED BY - Ar.Bhanuvi Thakur
DESIGN
INTRODUCTION TO INTERIOR DESIGN
Interior Designing is a combination of art and
science to create a well functional and aesthetically
pleasing space.
An interior designer is a skilled professional who
specialises in creating a functional and aesthetically
pleasing indoor environments.
They blend artistic vision, technical expertise, and a
deep understanding of human behaviour to
transform spaces and enhance the overall living or
working experience.
It includes different categories of areas like
residential, commercial, institutional etc which are
designed as per the user requirement.
Interior design can have various themes or concepts
like modern, contemporary, boho, rustic, classical
etc where each style holds particular significant
features in the design.
1 3 5 7
Planin
STEPS TO INTERIOR Budget & g& Detail Hando
DESIGNING Style Approv Drawings ver
Design Design als Materi Execution
Brief Board als
2 4 6 8
Characteristics of a Interior
Designer
Creativi Technical Problem- Attention to
An
ty interior designer Proficiency
Expertise in design Interior
Solving designers Paying
Detail close
must possess a keen software, building must be adept at attention to every
eye for design, color, codes, and identifying and element, from
and spatial construction materials addressing lighting fixtures to
arrangement to craft is essential to execute challenges, whether furniture, ensures a
visually stunning and projects successfully. it's maximising a cohesive and
functional spaces. small floor plan or polished final result.
accommodating client
preferences.
Interior Designer's Role Towards Execution
of Project
Project Design
Planning Implementation
The interior designer collaborates with the client to The designer oversees the selection and procurement of
develop a comprehensive project plan, including furniture, fixtures, finishes, and decor, ensuring the final
timelines, budgets, and design objectives. design vision is realised.
1 2 3
Space
Planning
They analyse the available space and create functional floor
plans that optimise the layout and flow of the interior.
Ethics & Professional Conduct for Interior
Designers
Ethical Client Professional
Guidelines
Interior designers must Relationships
Building trust and Development
Continuous learning and
adhere to a strict code of maintaining open upholding industry standards
ethics that prioritises the communication with clients is are critical. Interior designers
wellbeing of clients, the essential. Interior designers should actively participate in
public, and the must respect client professional organisations,
environment. This includes confidentiality, avoid conflicts pursue ongoing education,
honesty, integrity, and fair of interest, and provide and stay current with design
business practices. transparent pricing and trends and regulations.
project timelines.
Effective Communication
Skills
Active
Actively listen to clients,
Listening
understand their needs, and
ask clarifying questions to
ensure alignment.
Presentation
Develop strong presentation
Skills
skills to clearly convey design
concepts and ideas to clients
and stakeholders.
Written
Craft concise and persuasive
Communication
written proposals, reports,
and project documentation to
keep everyone informed.
Importance of Design
A well-crafted design portfolio is
Portfolio
essential for an interior designer's
career.
It showcases their aesthetic vision,
technical skills, and problem-solving
abilities.
A strong portfolio can help designers
land interviews, secure clients, and
demonstrate their unique value
proposition.
Portfolios should feature a diverse
range of project types, highlighting the
designer's versatility and range of
expertise.
Careful curation and presentation of
work samples can make a lasting
impression on potential employers or
clients.
SUBJECT
SKETCHING AND DRAFTING (B.Sc.) -
BID06
BASICS OF DRAFTING (B.I.D) - BDES01
UNIT I
DRAFTING TOOLS & MATERIALS
PRESENTED BY - Ar.Bhanuvi Thakur
DRAWING TOOLS
Refers to a set of tools that are used in all drafting works or activities
especially if the activities require mechanical representation.
Hand held devices that aids in drawing and designing.
Some Tools are as follows :
Drawing Board
T Square
Set Square
Drawing Pencils
Scale
Triangular Scale
Drawing Papers
Compasses
Masking Tape
Erasers
Technical Pens
Divider
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF FASHION AN
DESIGN INTERIOR DESIGN
DEPARTMENT
MODULE I - 30Days
SKETCHING AN DRAFTING (B.Sc.) - BID06
BASIC OF DRAFTING (B.I.D.) - BDESID 01
TOPIC
TYPES OF DRAWINGS
PRESENTED BY - Ar.Bhanuvi Thakur
COURSE CONTENT
OVERVIEW
Unit I - Drafting Tools & Materials
Draftings Boards,T-squares,SetSquare,Scales,Compasses
Pencils (Grades : H,HB,B), Erasers, Sharpeners.
Drafting Papers (Tracing,Grid,Bond)
Unit II - Sheet Composition & Layout
Title Block,Borers an Margins
Project Information Placement (Name,Date,Scale)
Balancing drawings and Annotations
Unit III - Introduction to Drafting
Importance of drafting in Interior Design
Types of drawings : Orthographic,Isometric,Perspective
Basic shapes (Square, Rectangle,Triangle,Pyramid,Prism,Pentagon,Hexagon,Heptagon,
Octagon) etc.
Unit IV - Lines & Lettering
Line types (Continuous,Dashed,Dotted) And Weights
Lettering Styles (Uppercase, Lowercase, Guidelines)
Dimensioning Standards
COURSE CONTENT
OVERVIEW
Unit V - Scale & Proportion
Understanding Scales (1:50,1:100,1:200)
Scaling exercise for floor plans and elevations.
Unit VI - Basic Orthographic Projection
Plan,Elevation,Sections and Isometric View
Drawing Simple Furniture and Interior Elements
Unit VII - Introduction to Perspective View
Basics of One Point Perspective and Two Point Perspective
UNIT III
TYPES OF DRAWINGS
TYPES OF DRAWINGS
Drafting is the representation of three dimensional form, space
in two dimensional plane.
Plan, Elevation and Sections represent designers intent for on
site construction .
There are various components of drafting - lines, dimensioning,
lettering.
TYPES OF
DRAWINGS
ORTHOGRAPHIC ISOMETR PERSPECTI
DRAWING IC VE
DRAWIN DRAWING
G
ORTHOGRAPHIC
DRAWINGS
A drawing that represent a three dimensional object in two
dimensional plane using the principal views of an object.
There are six views in an object as follows : top view, Front
View,Bottom View,Rear View, Left Hand View, Right Hand View.
These drawings provide a clear and precise representation of
object’s geometry, resulting accurate construction and
understanding.
Some examples of orthographic drawings are plans, elevations,
sections.
Parallel Projections These lines are the projections obtained from the three dimensional object
view to create two dimension drawings like plans ,elevations etc.The projection lines are parallel to
each other and perpendicular to the projection plane, ensuring accurate measurements.
Line ConventionsDifferent line types are used to indicate visible edges, hidden edges, and
centrelines.
Construction Lines : Solid line representing the visible edges of any object. Hidden lines :
Dashed lines representing the hidden lines of edges on an object when viewed from
certain angle.
Centreline : Long-short dashed lines indicating the centrelines of cylindrical features or
holes.
TYPES OF DRAWINGS
ISOMETRIC DRAWINGS
ORTHOGRAPHIC
DRAWINGS
ORTHOGRAPHIC
DRAWINGS
SIDE FRONT SIDE FRONT
VIEW VIEW VIEW VIEW
TOP TOP
VIEW VIEW
PLAN
A plan is a drawing on a
horizontal plane showing a
view from top of the internal
arrangements of the areas.
A plan is a two-dimensional,
scaled drawing that represents
a building or structure as
viewed from above.
It's a fundamental part of
architectural documentation,
used to communicate the
spatial arrangement,
dimensions, and relationships
between different elements of
a design.
Plans can be of different types
- Site Plan,Floor Plans at
different levels, Ceiling Plans,
Terrace Plan etc.
RENDERED TOP VIEW OF A RESIDENCE -
SITE PLAN
TYPES OF
PLANS
BEDDROOM LAYOUT
PLAN
(Scale 1:50)
MEETING ROOM FURNITURE
LAYOUT
(Scale 1:50)
TYPES OF
PLANS
RENDERED 3BHK CLUSTER RENDERED HOTEL
PLAN BEDROOM PLAN
(Scale 1:1000) (Scale 1:50)
TYPES OF
PLANS
WORKING PLAN OF A
RESIDENTIAL
BUNGALOW
(Scale 1:500)
ELEVATIO
N
An elevation is a drawing on a Vertical plane showing a view from front of the arrangements of the
areas.
Elevations can be of different in nature based on the observation point - Front Elevation,Rear
Elevation,Left Side Elevation,Right Side Elevation etc.
RENDERED FRONT VIEW OF A FRONT ELEVATION OF A
RESIDENCE RESIDENCE
TYPES OF
ELEVATION
INTERIOR TOILET INTERIOR ELEVATION OF A LIVING
RESIDENCE ROOM
TYPES OF
ELEVATION
BEDROOM ELEVATION OF A
RESIDENCE
ISOMETRIC
DRAWINGS
Isometric drawings are a type of pictorial drawings that show
the three principal dimensions of an object in a single view.
The principal dimensions are the overall sizes for the object
along the three principal directions.
An isometric drawing is one of three types of axonometric
drawings. It is created on the basis of parallel projection
technique.
ISOMETRIC AXIS IN IMAGE
PLANE
COMPARATIVE VIEW OF ORTHOGRAPHIC AND ISOMETRIC
DRAWINGS
UNIT VII
PERSPECTIVE
DRAWINGS
OVERVIE
W
What is Perspective.
Components of perspective.
Types of perspective.
Principles of perspective.
Methods of drawing different kinds of perspective.
WHAT IS PERSPECTIVE
Perspective is a representation of three-dimensional view of any object or
any space on a 2-Dimensional plane.
It is a Latin word meaning look through.
In the 15th century, this art was taken into consideration. Filippo
Brunelleschi (1377-1446) of the Renaissance period mentioned the
mathematical laws of perspective.
It helps designers to visualise any object or a space in 3-dimension
representation and convey the true image of a proposed structure.
COMPONENTS OF
PERSPECTIVE
1. PICTURE PLANE
It is a two-dimensional plane on which a three-dimensional
building is drawn.
It is an imaginary, transparent vertical plane erected between the
object and the observer, very near to, or touching or cutting one
corner of the object.
To draw the perspective
of a small object, the
A plane can be behind
the object.
COMPONENTS OF
PERSPECTIVE
2. EYE POINT OR STATION POINT
It is the position of the observer in plan.
It is station point ’S’ or Spectator Point in the Plan, whereas in elevation it is
eye level.
It is a point from where an object is being viewed.
It is always in the front of the object as well as the picture plane.
It can be in the centre of the object or towards the right or left of the object.
It should be chosen in such a way that it should give a real pictorial view.
It is common to fix the station point at 3.5 times the height of the object
from the nearest corner or the object.
Too close to the station point will give a distorted view, and too far will give a
very small perspective view.
COMPONENTS OF
PERSPECTIVE
3. Ground Line
It is a straight horizontal line that represents ground level.
This is a line of ground on which the observer is standing and
visualising.
4. Eye Level
It is a horizontal line and plane at the eye level of the observer.
It is represented by a straight line called the Horizon Line (HL).
In general, we consider the human eye level at 1.6 – 1.8m from
ground level.
It is a line represents eye level and drawn at observer height above
ground level.
The objects convergence occurs at a point on this line.
COMPONENTS OF
PERSPECTIVE
5. Horizontal Plane:
Horizontal plane is a plane that passes through eye level.
A line in this plane through the picture plane is called the horizon line.
6. Centre of vision:
Vertical sight lines and horizontal sight lines are always at right angles
to each other.
The point where they cross is the centre of vision (CV), the point
towards infinity which is dead in line with the observer’s eye
It is also called point of sight or principal vanishing point.
POINT OF
SIGHT
COMPONENTS OF
PERSPECTIVE
7. Angle of Vision
One can see clearly only a certain portion.
Angle subtended by a horizontal plane and vertical direction in which
someone can visualise the things clearly is called angle of vision.
Horizontally angle of vision is generally 60 degrees and vertical angle of
vision is 45degree.
If the object lies in this area observer can visualise it, otherwise it is
difficult to observe or cannot observe.
8. Vanishing Point and Vanishing Lines
The main feature of the perspective drawing is the vanishing of all
parallel lines of the object from a point to an infinite distance.
The apparent convergence of the parallel lines is called vanish.
The imaginary points where all rays vanish are called vanishing points,
and all imaginary lines which appear to be converging are called
vanishing lines.
These vanishing points lie at the horizon plane at eye level.
COMPONENTS OF
PERSPECTIVE
9. Measure Line
The intersection of the plan of an object with the picture plane gives true
height at the point of intersection when measured in elevation.
The part of an object not touching the picture plane, their perspective
height is always less than true height.
TYPES OF PERSPECTIVE:
Perspective drawings are of three types as per the number of vanishing points.
1. One Point Perspective or Parallel Perspective
2. Two Point Perspective or Oblique or angular Perspective
3. Three-Point Perspective
TYPES OF
PERSPECTIVE
1. One Point Perspective or Parallel
Perspective
In One Point perspective there is only one
vanishing point.
In this type of perspective, two sets of
lines, i.e., horizontal and vertical lines are
parallel to the picture plane.
The front section of the object shows the
true height, width, and depth lines of the
object converging towards one vanishing
point.
The perspective of vertical and horizontal
lines parallel to the picture plane remain
vertical and horizontal, whereas horizontal
lines perpendicular to the picture plane
converge to the centre of vision i.e., the
Principal vanishing point.,
TYPES OF PERSPECTIVE - ONE POINT
PERSPECTIVE
TYPES OF
PERSPECTIVE
2. Two Point Perspective or Oblique or Angular Perspective:
In a two-point perspective, the object is
inclined to the picture plane.
Only vertical lines remain parallel to the
picture plane, whereas other sets of two lines
are inclined to the picture plane; i.e. Vertical
line remains vertical.
There are two vanishing points one for each
set of horizontal lines.
All lines going towards the left of the plan
converge towards the left vanishing point,
and all lines going towards the right on the
plan converge towards the right vanishing
point.
TYPES OF PERSPECTIVE - TWO POINT
PERSPECTIVE
THANK YOU FOR YOUR
ATTENTION
