Masters of

Architecture
part_01
Alvar Aalto (3 February 1898 – 11 May 1976)

Hugo Alvar
Henrik Aalto

Finnish
architect and
designer
Alvar Aalto (3 February 1898 – 11 May 1976)

1921, Helsinki
University of
Technology
Alvar Aalto (3 February 1898 – 11 May 1976)

styles of his work:

Nordic
Classicism, Inter-
national Style
and Modernism,
Organic
Modernist
Alvar Aalto (3 February 1898 – 11 May 1976)

concern for design

as a
”Gesamtkunstwerk”
, a total work of art
Alvar Aalto (3 February 1898 – 11 May 1976)

He utilized texture,
color, and structure
in creative new
ways.
Aalto's designs
were particularly
significant because
of their response to
site, material and
form.
Works of Alvar Aalto
Paimio
Sanatorium (1933)
Paimio, Southwest
Finland

the building
represents the
'modernist' period
of Aalto's career
Works of Alvar Aalto
Aalto's starting
point for the design
of the sanatorium
was to make the
building itself a
contributor to the
healing process.
He liked to call the
building a "medical
instrument"
Works of Alvar Aalto
The Säynätsalo
Town Hall (1951)
Central Finland

a multifunction
building complex
– town hall,
shops, library and
flats
Works of Alvar Aalto
Aalto saw his
buildings as
organisms made of
up of individual cells.
This principle
informed Aalto's use
of traditional
building materials
such as brick which
is, by nature, cellular.
Works of Alvar Aalto
Villa Mairea
Noormarkku, Finland

a villa, guest-
house, and rural
retreat
Works of Alvar Aalto
The Finlandia Hall
(1971)

is a congress and
event venue in the
center of Helsinki
on the Töölönlahti
Bay
Works of Alvar Aalto
The main feature
of the building is a
tower like section
with a sloping
roof.
Aalto’s idea behind
the design was that
a high empty space
would provide
better acoustics.
Works of Alvar Aalto
Aalto used marble in
both indoor and
outdoor surfaces as a
contrast to black
granite.
For Aalto, marble was
a tie to the
Mediterranean
culture, which he
wanted to bring to
Finland.
Works of Alvar Aalto
All the materials
speak the language
of nature, simply
without technically
artificial tones. This
is because Aalto’s
basic view was that
architecture should
create a frame for
human beings
Works of Alvar Aalto
Finlandia Hall features
an optical illusion:
the National
Museum building on
the other side of the
street seems to rise
from the edge of the
Finlandia Hall tower.
The effect is created by
a black trapezium on
the white marble
surface of the Finlandia
Hall tower.
Alvar Aalto (3 February 1898 – 11 May 1976)

“Building art is a synthesis

of life in materialized form.
We should try to bring in
under the same hat not a
splintered way of thinking,
but all in harmony together.”
Alvar Aalto (3 February 1898 – 11 May 1976)

“I do not write, I
build.”
Alvar Aalto (3 February 1898 – 11 May 1976)

“Architecture belongs
to culture, not to
civilization.”
Antoni
Antoni Gaudí i
Cornet
Gaudí
25 June 1852 – 10
June 1926
a Spanish
architect known
as the greatest
exponent
of Catalan
Modernisme
Antoni Gaudí
25 June 1852 – 10
June 1926

studied at the
Escola Superior
d'Arquitectura
Antoni Gaudí
25 June 1852 – 10
June 1926
Gaudí's work was
influenced by his
passions in life:
architecture,
nature, and
religion
Gaudi considered
every detail of his Antoni Gaudí
25 June 1852 – 10
creations and
June 1926
integrated into his
architecture such
crafts as ceramics,
stained glass,
wrought ironwork
forging and
carpentry.
Works of Antoni Gaudí

He also introduced
new techniques in
the treatment of
materials, such
as trencadís which
used waste
ceramic pieces.
Antoni Gaudí
His work 25 June 1852 – 10
transcended June 1926
mainstream
Modernisme,
culminating in an
organic style
inspired by
natural forms.
Antoni Gaudí
Gaudí rarely drew 25 June 1852 – 10
detailed plans of his June 1926
works, instead
preferring to create
them as three-
dimensional scale
models and
moulding the
details as he
conceived them.
Works of Antoni Gaudí
El Capricho
( 1883-1885)

a villa
in Comillas,
Cantabria, Spain
Works of Antoni Gaudí

El Capricho
belongs to the
architect's
orientalist period.

The tower has

been compared to
a minaret.
Works of Antoni Gaudí
Casa Vicens

a house
in Barcelona, now
a museum
the first house
designed by
Gaudí
Works of Antoni Gaudí

The style of Casa

Vicens is a
reflection of Neo
Mudéjar
architecture
Works of Antoni Gaudí
Casa Vicens was
built using a variety
of different
materials and
vibrant colors.
This style was a key
characteristic of
modern
architecture. Some
key elements include
bricks, tiles and iron.
Works of Antoni Gaudí
The Palau Güell
(1886-1888)

is a mansion, for
the industrial
tycoon Eusebi
Güell
Works of Antoni Gaudí

features front iron

gates, a parabolic
arch and intricate
patterns of forged
ironwork
resembling
seaweed and in
some parts a
horsewhip
Works of Antoni Gaudí
Casa Batlló

a building in the
center
of Barcelona
Works of Antoni Gaudí

The local name

for the building
is Casa dels
ossos (House of
Bones), as it has a
visceral, skeletal
organic quality.
Works of Antoni Gaudí

The ground floor,

in particular, has
unusual tracery,
irregular oval
windows and
flowing sculpted
stone work.
Works of Antoni Gaudí
There are few straight
lines, and much of the
façade is decorated
with a colorful mosaic
made of broken
ceramic tiles
(trencadís). The roof is
arched and was
likened to the back of
a dragon
or dinosaur.
Works of Antoni Gaudí
Sagrada Família
Temple Expiatori
de la Sagrada
Família
(1852–1926)

unfinished Roman
Catholic church
in Barcelona
Works of Antoni Gaudí

Gaudí took over as

chief architect,
transforming the
project with his
architectural and
engineering style,
combining Gothic
and curvilinear Art
Nouveau forms
Works of Antoni Gaudí
Gaudí's original
design calls for a
total of eighteen
spires, representing
in ascending order of
height the Twelve
Apostles, the Virgin
Mary, the four
Evangelists and,
tallest of all, Jesus
Christ.
Antoni Gaudí (25 June 1852 – 10 June 1926)

“The straight line

belongs to Man. The
curved line belongs to
God”
Antoni Gaudí (25 June 1852 – 10 June 1926)

“But man does not

create...he discovers.”
Frank Gehry
Frank Owen February 28,
Goldberg 1929

is a Canadian-
born American
architect,
residing in Los
Angeles
Frank Gehry
February 28,
1929

1954, University
of Southern
California's
School of
Architecture
Frank Gehry
February 28,
works are cited as 1929
being among the
most important
works of
contemporary
architecture
Frank Gehry
February 28,
1929

1989, Gehry was

awarded
the Pritzker
Architecture
Prize
"Always open to
experimentation, he has Frank Gehry
as well a sureness and February 28,
maturity that resists, in
the same way that Picasso
1929
did, being bound either by
critical acceptance or his
successes. His buildings
are juxtaposed collages of
spaces and materials that
make users appreciative of
both the theatre and the
back-stage,
simultaneously revealed.”
Frank Gehry
February 28,
1929
Gehry's work reflects
a spirit of
experimentation
coupled with a
respect for the
demands of
professional practice..
Frank Gehry
February 28,
1929
Gehry has been
called "the
apostle of chain-
link fencing and
corrugated
metal siding"
Works of Frank Gehry
The
Guggenheim
Museum Bilbao

a museum of
modern and
contemporary
art
Works of Frank Gehry
The museum is
seamlessly integrated
into the urban
context, unfolding its
interconnecting
shapes of stone,
glass and titanium
on a 32,500-square-
meter (350,000 sq. ft)
site along
the Nervión River.
Works of Frank Gehry

"the randomness of
the curves are
designed to catch
the light"
Works of Frank Gehry
The Walt Disney
Concert Hall

the fourth hall of

the Los Angeles
Music Center
Works of Frank Gehry

in a cost-saving
move the originally
designed stone
exterior was
replaced with a less
costly stainless
steel skin
Works of Frank Gehry
The Dancing
House or Fred
and Ginger
Works of Frank Gehry
designed by
the Croatian-Czech
architect Vlado
Milunić in
cooperation
with Canadian-
American
architect Frank
Gehry
Works of Frank Gehry

supported by 99
concrete panels,
each a different
shape and
dimension
Works of Frank Gehry
the Dancing House has
two main parts.
The first is a glass
tower that narrows at
half its height and is
supported by curved
pillars; the second runs
parallel to the river
and is characterized by
undulating mouldings
and unaligned
windows
Frank Gehry February 28, 1929

“People ask me if I’m an

artist or an architect.
But I think they’re the
same.”
Frank Gehry February 28, 1929

“Your best work is the

expression of yourself.
Now, you may not be the
greatest at it, but when
you do it, you’re the only
expert.”
Frank Gehry February 28, 1929

“Architecture should
speak of its time and
place, but yearn for
timelessness.”
Frank Lloyd Wright (June 8, 1867 – April 9, 1959)

Frank Lloyd
Wright

was an American
architect,
interior designer,
writer, and
educator
Frank Lloyd Wright (June 8, 1867 – April 9, 1959)
He was educated at
Second Ward
School, Madison
and at the
University of
Wisconsin where he
took some
mechanical drawing
and basic
mathematics
courses.
Frank Lloyd Wright (June 8, 1867 – April 9, 1959)

Wright believed in
designing
structures that
were in harmony
with humanity and
its environment, a
philosophy he
called organic
architecture
Frank Lloyd Wright (June 8, 1867 – April 9, 1959)

use of new
building
materials such
as precast
concrete blocks,
glass bricks, and
zinc cames
Frank Lloyd Wright (June 8, 1867 – April 9, 1959)

Frank Lloyd Wright

was interested in site
and community
planning throughout
his career. His
commissions and
theories on urban
design began as early
as 1900 and continued
until his death.
Works of Frank Lloyd Wright
Johnson Wax
Headquarters

is the world
headquarters and
administration
building of S. C.
Johnson &
Son in Racine,
Wisconsin
Works of Frank Lloyd Wright
the building features
many curvilinear
forms

required over 200

different curved
"Cherokee red"
bricks to create the
sweeping curves of
the interior and
exterior
Works of Frank Lloyd Wright
Robie House

(The Frederick C.
Robie House)
in Chicago,
Illinois
Works of Frank Lloyd Wright

was one of the last

houses Wright
designed in his Oak
Park, Illinois home
and studio and also
one of the last of
his Prairie School
houses
Works of Frank Lloyd Wright
Fallingwater

a house designed
by architect Frank
Lloyd Wright in
1935,
Pennsylvania
Works of Frank Lloyd Wright
dynamism and
integration with
its striking natural
surroundings

strong emphasis
placed on harmony
between man and
nature
Works of Frank Lloyd Wright
The Solomon R.
Guggenheim
Museum

an art museum
located at
Manhattan, New
York City
Works of Frank Lloyd Wright

its unique ramp

gallery extends up
from ground level in
a long, continuous
spiral along the outer
edges of the building
to end just under the
ceiling skylight
Works of Frank Lloyd Wright

The spiral design

recalled
a nautilus shell,
with continuous
spaces flowing
freely one into
another
Frank Lloyd Wright (June 8, 1867 – April 9, 1959)

“The good building is not one

that hurts the landscape, but
one which makes the
landscape more beautiful
than it was before the
building was built.”
Frank Lloyd Wright (June 8, 1867 – April 9, 1959)

“No house should ever be on a

hill or on anything. It should be
of the hill. Belonging to it. Hill
and house should live together
each the happier for the other.”
Frank Lloyd Wright (June 8, 1867 – April 9, 1959)

“A building should appear

to grow easily from its site
and be shaped to
harmonize with its
surroundings if Nature is
manifest there.”