Anatomy and Physiology Question Paper for First-Year GNM Nursing
Section A: Short-Answer Questions (2 marks each, Answer in 2-3 sentences)
Define anatomy and physiology, and explain their relationship.
Name the four primary types of tissues in the human body and give one example of each.
What is the anatomical position, and why is it important in studying anatomy?
List the major functions of the skeletal system.
Differentiate between compact bone and spongy bone.
What is the role of the epiglottis in the respiratory system?
Name the four chambers of the heart and their primary functions.
Define homeostasis and give one example of a homeostatic mechanism.
What are the functions of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?
Describe the structure and function of a nephron in the kidney.
Section B: Medium-Answer Questions (5 marks each, Answer in 5-7 sentences)
Explain the structure and functions of the cell membrane.
Describe the types of joints in the human body with one example of each.
Discuss the role of the respiratory system in maintaining acid-base balance.
Explain the process of blood clotting (hemostasis) with its major stages.
Describe the structure of the skin and its role in thermoregulation.
Discuss the functions of the liver in the digestive system.
Explain the role of the autonomic nervous system in controlling body functions.
Describe the composition and functions of blood.
Explain the structure of a neuron and its role in nerve impulse transmission.
Discuss the role of the endocrine system in growth and metabolism.
Section C: Long-Answer Questions (10 marks each, Answer in 10-12 sentences)
Describe the structure of the human heart and explain the cardiac cycle in detail.
Explain the anatomy of the respiratory system and the mechanism of breathing (inspiration
and expiration).
Discuss the structure and functions of the skeletal system, including the types of bones and
their roles.
Describe the anatomy of the digestive system and explain the process of digestion and
absorption of nutrients.
Explain the structure and functions of the kidneys, focusing on the formation of urine.
Discuss the organization of the nervous system, including the central and peripheral nervous
systems, and their roles in body coordination.
Describe the male and female reproductive systems, highlighting their key anatomical
features and functions.
Explain the structure of the muscular system and the mechanism of muscle contraction
(sliding filament theory).
Section D: Diagram-Based Questions (5 marks each)
Draw and label a diagram of the human heart, showing its chambers and major blood
vessels.
Draw and label the structure of a nephron and explain its role in urine formation.
Illustrate the structure of a long bone and label its parts.
Draw and label the parts of the human brain, highlighting the cerebrum, cerebellum, and
brainstem.
Notes for Students:Focus Areas: Prioritize understanding the structure and function of major
systems (circulatory, respiratory, digestive, nervous, urinary, and reproductive) as they form
the core of the GNM curriculum.
Diagrams: Practice labeled diagrams for the heart, nephron, brain, and long bone, as they
are frequently asked in exams.
Key Processes: Be thorough with physiological processes like the cardiac cycle, breathing
mechanism, urine formation, and muscle contraction.
Homeostasis: Understand how different systems work together to maintain homeostasis, as
this is a recurring theme.
