Module 1 MIL

Communication Defined
Communication is simply the act of transferring information from one place,
person or group to another (Skills YouNeed, 2020). It is the process of sending and
receiving messages through verbal or nonverbal means, including speech, or oral
communication, writing and graphical representations (such as infographics, maps,
and charts); and signs, signals, and behavior (Nordquist, 2020). At its core.
communications is the use of messages to generate meaning, both within and
across a myriad of cultures, contexts, channels, and media

1. Source - The source imagines, croutes, and sends the message in a public
speaking situation, the source is the person giving the speech. He or she conveys
the message by showing new iuforustion with the audience. The speaker also
conveys a message through his or her tone of vuice, body language, and choice of
clothing. This process of turning thoughts into communication is called encoding.
2. Message The message is the stimulus or meaning produced by the source for
the receiver of audience. When you plan to give a speech or write a report, your
message may seem to be only the words you choose that will convey your meaning.
But that is just the beginning. The words are brought together with grammar and
organization.
3. Channel The channel is the way in which a message or messages travel
between source and receiver. There are multiple communication channels
available to us today.
4. Receiver - The receiver receives the message from the source, analyzing and
interpreting the message in ways both intended and unintended by the source
5. Feedback When the receiver responds to the source, intentionally or
unintentionally, she/he is giving feedback. Feedback is composed of messages the
receiver sends back to the source. Verbal or notiverbal, all these feedback signals
allow the source to see how well, how accurately for how poorly and inaccurately)
the message was received.
6. Environment The environment is the atmosphere, physical and psychological,
where an individual sends and receives messages
7. Context The context of the communication interaction involves the setting,
scene, and expectations of the individuals involved
8. Interference or noise This is anything that blocks or changes the source's
intended meaning of the message
Media and information influence to communication

Media and information technology play a vital role in globalization. Through these,
we become connected to different people around the world. These have a significant
influence on the modern culture and become tools in sharing information, ideas, personal
messages, and other content and have become more widespread and accessible. Not only
that they become sources of information, but entertainment as well.

While media can be a good channel for communication and a good source of information,
they also pose some threats to users. Among these are as follows.

1. Media becomes a source of misinformation and fake news. These sometimes are
utilized to push personal gain and agenda, making the receiver of the information deceived,
confused and misinformed.

2. Though media help us improve the way we communicate, it is also abused by

many. Everybody publishes whatever they want and unmindful of the consequences of their
posts. Social media made everyone feel that they are allowed to say whatever comes to
their mind, making them say things that they would not normally say on personal
encounters, thus fueling up bullying (EASE Technology Solutions, 2016).

3. Media can also pose medical, social and psychological issues. What is posted on
media may cause dissatisfaction with body image, creates addiction, promote identity
stealing and can destroy interpersonal relationships.

MODULE 2 MIL
Literacy: The ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate and compute,
using printed and written materials associated with varying contexts. Literacy involves a
continuum of learning, wherein individuals are able to achieve their goals, develop their
knowledge and potential, and participate fully in their community and wider society.

Media: The physical objects used to communicate with, or the mass communication
through physical objects such as radio, television, computers, film, etc. It also refers to any
physical object used to communicate messages.

Media Literacy: The ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and create media in a variety of
forms. It aims to empower citizens by providing them with the competencies (knowledge
and skills) necessary to engage with traditional media and new technologies.

Information: A broad term that covers processed data, knowledge derived from study,
experience, instruction, signals or symbols.

Information Literacy: The ability to recognize when information is needed, and to locate,
evaluate, and effectively communicate information in its various formats.

Technology Literacy: The ability of an individual, either working independently or with

others, to responsibly, appropriately, and effectively use technological tools. Using these
tools an individual can access, manage, integrate, evaluate, create and communicate
information.

Media and Information Literacy: The essential skills and competencies that allow
individuals to engage with media and other information providers effectively, as well as
develop critical thinking and life-long learning skills to socialize and become active citizens.
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MODULE 3 MIL
Pre-Industrial Age

Pre-Industrial Age (Before 1700s) - People discovered fire, developed paper from plants,
and forged weapons and tools with stone, bronze, copper and iron.

Examples:

Cave paintings (also known as "parietal art") are numerous paintings and engravings
found on cave walls ceilings around 38 000 BCE

Clay tablets are used as a writing medium especially for writing in cuneiform. Cuneiform
is one of the oldest forms of writing. This means of communication was used for over 3 000
years in 15 different languages

Papyrus is made from pith of papyrus plant. It is used in ancient times as writing surface
to designate documents written on its sheets, rolled up to scrolls

Other examples:

Acta Diurna in Rome (130 BC)

Dibao in China (2nd Century)

Codex in the Mayan region (5th Century)

Printing press using wood blocks (220 AD

Industrial Age

Industrial Age (1700s-1930s) People used the power of steam, developed machine tools,
established iron production, and the manufacturing of various products (including books
through the printing press).

Examples:

Printing press for mass production (19th century)

A printing press is typically used for texts. It is a device that applies pressure to an inked
surface resting upon a print medium (like paper or cloth).

Telegraph is used for long-distance communication by transmitting electrical signals over

a wire laid between stations

Motion picture (also known as film or movie) is series of still photos on film, projected in
rapid succession onto a screen by means of light.
Other Examples:

Newspaper- The London Gazette (1640)

Typewriter (1800)

Telephone (1876)

Motion picture photography/projection (1890)

Commercial motion pictures (1913)

Motion picture with sound (1926)

Punch cards

Electronic Age

Electronic Age (1930s-1980s) The invention of the transistor ushered in the electronic age.
People harnessed the power of transistors that led to the transistor radio, electronic
circuits, and the early computers. In this age, long distance communication became more
efficient.

Examples:

Transistor Radio

Large Electronic Computers

Mainframe Computers

Television (1941)

Personal computers ie. Hewlett Packard 9100A (1968), Apple 1 (1976)

OHP, LCD projectors

New Age or Information Age

Information Age (1900s-2000s) The Internet paved the way for faster communication and
the creation of the social network. People advanced the use of microelectronics with the
invention of personal computers, mobile devices, and wearable technology. Moreover,
voice, image, sound and data are digitalized. We are now living in the information age.

Other Examples:

Web browsers: Mosaic (1993), Internet Explorer (1995) Blogs: Blogspot (1999), LiveJournal
(1999), Wordpress (2003) Social networks: Friendster (2002), Multiply (2003), Facebook
(2004) Microblogs: Twitter (2006), Tumblr (2007) Video: YouTube (2005) Augmented
Reality / Virtual Reality Video chat: Skype (2003), Google Hangouts (2013) Search Engines:
Google (1996), Yahoo (1995) Portable computers- laptops (1980), netbooks (2008), tablets
(1993) Smart phones Wearable Technology Cloud and Big Data

Functions of Communication of Media

1. Monitoring Function. This is to inform the citizens on what is happening around them.
2. Information Function. This is to educate the audience on the meaning and significance of
the facts.

3. Opinion Function. This is to provide a platform for public political discourse. It is to

facilitate public opinion and expression of dissent.

4. Watchdog Role of Journalism. It denounces the wrongdoing of the government and the
private which leads to increasing of accountability and spearheading positive changes.

5. Channel for Advocacy of Political viewpoints