Biography of Nelson Mandela (500 words)
Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela, one of the most respected leaders in modern history, was born on
18th July 1918 in Mvezo, a small village in South Africa. He belonged to the Thembu royal family.
His father was a chief, but after his death, Mandela was raised by a regent who ensured he
received a good education. From a young age, Mandela showed leadership qualities and a deep
sense of justice.
Mandela studied law at the University of Fort Hare and later at the University of Witwatersrand,
where he became actively involved in the struggle against racial discrimination. At that time,
South Africa was ruled by a system called apartheid, which legally separated black and white
people and denied equal rights to the black majority. Black South Africans were forced to live in
poor conditions, denied education and voting rights, and treated unfairly in every aspect of life.
Mandela joined the African National Congress (ANC) and became one of its leading voices
against apartheid. In the early years, he supported peaceful protest, but after witnessing the
brutality of the government, he co-founded the Umkhonto we Sizwe (Spear of the Nation), the
armed wing of the ANC, to resist apartheid more strongly. In 1962, Mandela was arrested and
sentenced to life imprisonment for his role in fighting against the government.
Mandela spent 27 long years in prison, mostly on Robben Island, under very harsh conditions.
Yet, he never gave up hope. He used his time in prison to study, reflect, and strengthen his
determination. His courage and sacrifice turned him into a symbol of resistance and hope for
millions of South Africans and people around the world.
Finally, in 1990, under growing international pressure and internal resistance, the South African
government released Mandela. Four years later, in 1994, South Africa held its first democratic
elections, in which people of all races could vote. Mandela became the first black President of
South Africa, ending decades of racial segregation and injustice. Instead of taking revenge,
Mandela chose forgiveness and reconciliation, which made him a global symbol of peace and
unity.
During his presidency, Mandela worked to rebuild the country, focusing on equality, education,
and reconciliation. He promoted the idea of the “Rainbow Nation,” where people of all races
could live together in harmony. He stepped down from power in 1999, showing his commitment
to democracy.
For his leadership, Mandela received numerous awards, including the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993.
Even after retiring from politics, he continued to work for peace, education, and the fight against
HIV/AIDS. He passed away on 5th December 2013 at the age of 95, but his legacy continues to
inspire people worldwide.
Nelson Mandela’s life story is a shining example of courage, sacrifice, and forgiveness. He
showed the world that even after years of suffering, love and unity can defeat hatred and
division. His words and actions remain a guiding light for all who fight for freedom and justice.
