PEH 103:DANCE

WHAT IS DANCE?

The word dance comes from the German word damson, which means “to stretch” or “to drag”. It
developed as a natural expression of combined feeling and action. The music of early man came
from the stamping of feet, clapping of hands, snapping fingers, or any sound that could produce
rhythm. It is the art of expressing one’s emotion through graceful movement, performed with
musical accompaniment.
Dance is considered the mirror of society because it reflects historical and religious events as
well as express social and political statements.

Ballet Dance
Ballet was taken from the Italian word “ballare”, meaning to dance, and “ballo”,
referring to dances performed in a ballroom. Ballet acts as the backbone of many
other genres of dance. It is a type of dance governed by a rigorous code of
technical artistry and skills. Considering the five fundamental positions of the feet
and legs and accompanying positions of the arms and hands, one can say that the
language of ballet is objective, specific, and fixed.
Ballet dancers often used pantomime to clarify the movement. They have the
capability to convey stories that bring an audience to another world.

Key Elements:
• Technique:
Ballet relies on specific techniques, including turned-out legs, pointe work
(dancing on the tips of the toes), and intricate jumps, leaps, and turns.
• Storytelling:
Ballet often uses dance to convey narratives, emotions, and themes.
• Costumes and Scenery:
Elaborate costumes and stage scenery play a vital role in creating the world of the
ballet.
• Music:
Ballet is closely tied to music, with composers creating scores specifically for
ballet performances.
Types of Ballet:
• Classical Ballet: Emphasizes traditional techniques, formal steps, and
storytelling.
• Neoclassical Ballet: Incorporates elements of classical ballet but with more
modern and abstract choreography.
• Contemporary Ballet: Blends classical ballet techniques with modern dance
movements and choreographic styles.
Global Influence:
• Ballet has spread worldwide and continues to be a cherished art form, valued for its
discipline, elegance, and artistic expression.
Modern Dance

This is a dance style that rejects many of the strict rules of classical ballet, focusing
instead on the expression of feelings. Modern dances are barefoot, often work with
feet and legs parallel, have a flexible torso, and use weight and gravity to create
movements and shapes. Modern dance was created as a rebellion against classical
ballet, emphasizing creativity in choreography and performance. Modern dance
performance uses minimal prop designs and costumes.

Key Characteristics:
• Freedom of Movement:
Unlike ballet's formal structure, modern dance allows for a wider range of
movement, including the use of the entire body, barefoot dancing, and
exploration of space in all directions.
• Emphasis on Emotion and Individuality:
Modern dance is deeply rooted in expressing emotions and personal experiences
through movement. Dancers often draw on their feelings and interpretations to
create their unique style.
• Use of Weight and Momentum:
Modern dance utilizes the natural weight and momentum of the body,
incorporating falls, rolls, and other techniques that create dynamic and fluid
movement.
• Connection of Mind and Body:
Modern dance aims to connect the mind and body through movement,
emphasizing the dancer's internal experience and emotional state.
• Improvisation and Innovation:
Modern dance often involves improvisation and experimentation, encouraging
dancers to develop their own movement vocabulary and push the boundaries of
what dance can be.
Historical Context:
• Modern dance originated as a reaction against the rigid structures and traditional
narratives of classical ballet.
• Pioneers like Isadora Duncan, Martha Graham, and Ruth St. Denis challenged
traditional ballet and explored new ways of moving.
• Modern dance developed in both Europe and the United States, influenced by
social changes and artistic movements of the time.
Influence and Legacy:
• Modern dance has influenced many other dance forms, including contemporary
dance.
• It continues to be a vibrant and evolving art form, with dancers and choreographers
constantly exploring new ideas and techniques.
Hip-Hop
The dancing style of hip-hop developed from the music style that was first
introduced during the 1970s in New York City among young Hispanic and African
American communities. One and the same with rap, scratch music, and graffiti art,
the style includes the movements of funk, break dancing, and body popping, and it
has been internationally known since then. It remains to be one of the most popular
dances because it encompasses athleticism, flexibility, energy, agility, power, and
soul.
Key Elements of Hip-Hop:
• DJing:
The art of manipulating records and creating beats using turntables and mixers.
• MCing (Rapping):
The rhythmic and rhyming delivery of vocals over a beat, often telling stories or
expressing social commentary.
• Breaking (B-boying):
A dynamic and athletic dance style characterized by acrobatic movements,
freezes, and footwork.
• Graffiti Art:
A visual art form that uses spray paint to create vibrant murals and tags on walls
and public spaces.
Origins and Evolution:
• Hip-hop emerged from block parties and social gatherings in the Bronx, where DJs
like DJ Kool Herc started extending instrumental breaks of funk and disco records
to create space for dancing and rapping.
• The culture quickly spread beyond New York, evolving and adapting to different
contexts and birthing numerous subgenres.
• Hip-hop has become a global phenomenon, influencing music, dance, fashion, art,
and social discourse worldwide.
Impact and Significance:
• Hip-hop has served as a voice for marginalized communities, providing a platform
for self-expression and social commentary.
• It has inspired social movements, influenced popular culture, and continues to be a
powerful force for cultural exchange and innovation.
Cheer Dance
It is a physical activity that combines different dance genres and gymnastics skills
such as tumbling, pyramids, tosses and stunts. They are done to direct spectators to
cheer for sports teams or participate in cheer dance competitions.
• Origins:
Cheerdancing evolved from traditional cheerleading routines, which were
primarily focused on motivating sports teams and engaging crowds.
• Elements:
Performances include a mix of dance moves, gymnastic elements (like jumps and
tumbling), and synchronized arm movements and formations.
• Music:
Unlike traditional cheerleading, cheerdancing is performed to music, emphasizing
rhythm and synchronization.
• Competition:
Cheerdancing is a competitive sport with its own set of rules, judging criteria, and
categories, often held independently or alongside other sporting events.
• Focus:
While still maintaining a connection to sports, cheerdancing places a greater
emphasis on the artistic and aesthetic aspects of the performance, with routines
judged on technical skill, choreography, and overal

BENEFITS OF DANCE

Mental Health Benefits

● Boosts Cognitive Function: Engaging in dance stimulates brain activity, enhancing
memory, attention, and problem-solving skills. This is particularly beneficial for older
adults in maintaining cognitive health.
● Reduces Stress and Anxiety: The physical activity involved in dance releases endorphins,
which are natural mood enhancers, promoting feelings of well-being and happiness.
● Improves Self-Esteem and Confidence: Mastering new dance moves and routines can
lead to a sense of accomplishment, boosting self-esteem and confidence.
● Enhances Social Connections: Participating in dance classes or groups fosters social
interaction, helping to build friendships and reduce feelings of loneliness.

Physical Health Benefits

● Improves Cardiovascular Health: Dance serves as an effective cardiovascular workout,
improving heart and lung health.
● Increases Strength and Flexibility: Regular dancing enhances muscle tone, strength, and
flexibility, contributing to overall physical fitness.
● Aids in Weight Management: The calorie-burning nature of dance can assist in weight
loss and maintaining a healthy weight.
● Enhances Balance and Coordination: Dance requires precise movements, which improve
balance and coordination, reducing the risk of falls.
Incorporating dance into your lifestyle, whether through formal classes or casual practice, can
lead to significant improvements in both physical and mental health. It's a joyful and effective
way to enhance overall well-being.

Optimizing one’s health through dance is not just about physical fitness, it’s a holistic approach
to well-being that enhances the body, mind, and spirit. Here's why dance is such a powerful and
important tool for improving overall health

PERFORMANCE TASK: GALLERIA DE BAILE

Guidelines:

PERFORMANCE
· The class will be divided into four (4) groups.
· Each group will be assigned to discuss the nature of different dances.
· For the performance, each group will be assigned a specific dance:
1. Group 1 Ballet Dance
2. Group 2 Modern Dance
3. Group 3 Hip-hop
4. Group 4 Cheerdance
· Each group will design a gallery walk visual aids that showcase the dance assigned.
· The gallery walk will last a maximum of 10 minutes.
· The groups must prepare their materials needed ahead of time.
· The group must have 2 members to facilitate the gallery.
· The presentation should answer the following guidelines

1. What is the background/ nature of dance? (Focus on the dance assigned)

2. What are the examples of dance moves/ terms? (Give five examples of the dance
assigned)
3. What is the importance of dance in one’s health? (Focus on the dance assigned.)
4. How dance can optimize one’s health? Focus on the dance assigned.)

ATTIRE
· The student must follow the proper SHS PE Uniform.
· Proper rubber shoes
· Sando polo, polo shirt, jeans, crop tops, and shorts are STRICTLY PROHIBITED.

POINTS
· The performance will be evaluated as a group.
· The performance criteria are as follows:
a. Mastery of the content (30pts)
b. Ability to answer questions (25pts)
c. Completeness of content (25pts)
d. Delivery (15pts)
e. Teamwork: (5pts)
· Five (5) points will be deducted from the total score if the attire protocols were not
followed.
· The performance will be evaluated by the PEH103 instructor.
RUBRIC for Galleria de Baile

Excellent Proficient Average Fair Needs

Criteria (5) (4) (3) (2) improvement
(1)
Reporter/s Reporter/s It can be seen It can be seen It can be seen
exhibits mastery exhibits mastery that most of the that most of the that the reporters
Mastery of the content

of the topic of topic by reporters did reporters had didn’t read their
consistently identifying and their reading minimal reading assigned topic
throughout the explaining ahead of time. of their assigned
30pts

presentation, background of
(x6)

topic
especially during different dances
query time, with accuracy
providing they and proficiency.
did their reading
ahead of time.
The tour guides The tour guides The tour guides The tour guides The tour guides
were able to were able to were able to were able to were not able to
Ability to

questions

answer all answer all answer two (2) answer one (1) answer all
answer

25 pts
(x5)

questions with questions asked questions asked question asked to questions asked
additional and to them to them them. to them.
in-depth
information.

More The discussion The discussion The discussion The discussion is

information provided all provided three to didn't provide out of context.
Completeness of

about the topic necessary five pieces of any information

was added that information that information that assigned to them
content

20pts

further enriched is being asked to were being asked and did not
(x4)

the discussion them and answer of them and answer all the
aside from guide questions answered three guide questions.
providing and to five guide
answering all the questions.
guide questions.

Reporter/s has a Reporter/s has a Reporters have Reporter/s has Reporter/s has a
clear and clear and inconsistent inconsistent soft voice;
Delivery

commanding commanding volume in their volume in their coherence in

15pts
(x3)

voice; correctly voice; voice; voice; grammar is poor.

pronounces mispronounced a mispronounced mispronounced
terms. few terms or few terms or many of the
words. words terms or words.

Members are Members are Members are Members are Members are not
doing their tasks doing their task doing their tasks doing their tasks doing their tasks
Teamwork

assigned to them assigned to assigned to them assigned to them assigned to

consistently. them. Conflicts inconsistently. inconsistently. them. Conflicts
10pts
(x2)

Conflicts of the of the group are Conflicts of the Conflicts of the with the group
group are managed at all group are group are not are not being
managed at all times. managed at well managed. resolved.
times. times.

TOTAL _____/ 100 pts