[Link].

IN

ENGLISH

Copy Right Material

Prepared by:

ZEROSUM ONLINE ACADEMY

PRIVATE LIMITED
Level 9

Level 1: Let’s get warmed up

Acknowledge: Declare to be true or admit the existence or reality or

truth of
They sent me a postcard acknowledging my request.
Artefact: A man-made object taken as a whole
He loved collecting artifacts.
Bizarre: Conspicuously or grossly unconventional or unusual
The book he was reading was really bizarre.
Decade: A period of 10 years
The palace was repaired after decades.
Dispersed: To cause to separate and go in different directions
The police dispersed the crowd.
Neutralize: Make ineffective by counterbalancing the effect of
Her gaiety and optimism neutralizes his gloom.
Phenomenon: A remarkable development
Magnetic attraction is an interesting phenomenon.
Potential: Expected to become or be; in prospect
We are aware of the potential dangers.
Level 2: Let’s take it up a notch

Analogous: Similar or equivalent in some respects though

otherwise dissimilar
The paddle of a whale and the fin of a fish are analogous.
Compensatory: Serving for compensation; making amends
The management had a liberal compensatory policy for the staff.
Cumulative: Increasing by successive addition
This drug has a cumulative effect.
Escalation: To increase, enlarge, or intensify.
Higher wages caused an escalation in the budgetary allowance.
Gamut: A complete extent or range
The old man’s face went through a whole gamut of expressions,
from rage to contentment.
Heterogeneous: Consisting of elements that are not of the same
kind or nature
The society today is very heterogeneous.
Inanimate: Not endowed with life

M. 8670420484 Page 1
Level 9

A rock is an inanimate object.

Indifference: Unbiased impartial unconcern
It was heart-rending to see his callous indifferent attitude towards
his son.
Introspective: Given to examining own sensory and
perceptual experiences
He is terribly introspective and shy.
Maladjusted: Poorly adjusted to demands and stresses of daily
living
He sometimes teaches in a school for maladjusted children.
Mandate: A document giving an official instruction or command
The union already has a mandate to go strike and disrupt the
functioning of the factory.
Mortality: The ratio of deaths in an area to the population of that
area; expressed per 1000 per year
Africa’s infant mortality rate is very high.
Neurotic: Characteristic of or affected by neurosis
She was almost neurotic about being followed.
Prelude: Something that serves as a preceding event or introduces
what follows
The threats are now seen as a prelude to last year’s uprising.
Prohibition: A decree that prohibits something
The laws of prohibition are very strict in some states.
Susceptible: yielding readily to or capable of
He was unusually susceptible to flattery.
Taboo: Excluded from use or mention
Freedom of speech was taboo in their house.
Level 3: Time to be a master

Anthropologist: A social scientist who specializes in anthropology

Anthropology is a difficult science and anthropologists are a rare
breed of scientists.
Catastrophe: An event resulting in great loss and misfortune
The food was cold, the guests came late, and the whole dinner was
a catastrophe.
Chimerical: Produced by a wildly fanciful imagination
We all dream of our own chimerical paradise.

M. 8670420484 Page 2
Level 9

Delude: Be false to; be dishonest with

Fraudulent ads deluded the customers into sending money.
Enunciate: Express or state clearly
She enunciated each word slowly and carefully.
Fetish: Excessive or irrational devotion to some activity
She made a fetish for cleanliness.
Imperative: Requiring attention or action
It was imperative that he finished the job in hand before starting the
new one.
Imprudent: Lacking wise self-restraint
His imprudent remarks cost him his job.
Inordinate: Beyond normal limits
They spent an inordinate amount of time talking about immaterial
things.
Irascible: Quickly aroused to anger
He had an irascible temper.
Palliate: Lessen or to try to lessen the seriousness or extent of
He tried unsuccessfully to palliate the widespread discontent.
Pedagogue: Someone who educates young people
His grandfather was a born pedagogue.
Perpetuate: Cause to continue or prevail
The new library will perpetuate the founder’s love for learning.
Perspicacious: Acutely insightful and wise
He is too perspicacious to be taken in by such a spurious argument.
Recondite: Not easily understood
His poems are recondite in subject matter.

M. 8670420484 Page 3
Level 10

Level 1: Let’s get warmed up

Array: An impressive display

It was a bewildering display of books.
Detriment: A damage or loss
She took a long leave of absence without detriment to her career.
Hostile: Characterized by enmity or ill will
The Governor faced hostile crowds when he visited the town.
Initiate: Bring into being
She was initiated as a member of the secret mission.
Lethargic: Deficient in alertness or activity
He felt too miserable and lethargic to get dressed.
Longevity: The property of being long-lived
His longevity vexed his heirs.
Prominent: Having a quality that thrusts itself into attention
She has a low forehead and prominent eyebrows.
Rue: Sadness associated with some wrong done
He was probably ruing his decision.
Level 2: Let’s take it up a notch

Acute: Extremely sharp or intense

His hearing was unusually acute.
Congenial: Pleasant, agreeable
The food at the party was excellent and the company congenial.
Culminate: End, especially to reach a final or climactic stage
The meeting culminated without any consensus.
Deplorable: Of very poor quality or condition
The working conditions inside the factory were deplorable.
Doddering: Mentally or physically infirm with age
The doddering old manservant opened the door to us with great
difficulty.
Gist: The central meaning or theme of a speech or literary work
He related the gist of the conversation to us.
Hoard: Get or gather together
They’ve begun to hoard food and gasoline.
Imbibe: Take in, also metaphorically

M. 8670420484 Page 1
Level 10

He had imbibed a set of mystical beliefs from his cradle.

Inevitable: Incapable of being avoided or prevented
The train was inevitably late.
Intrinsic: Belonging to a thing by its very nature
Diamonds have little intrinsic value.
Lucrative: Producing a sizeable profit
Many of them have found lucrative jobs in private security firms.
Obscure: Make less visible or unclear
The stars were obscured by the clouds.
Paramount: Having superior power and influence
The welfare of the children should be of paramount importance.
Sage: Having wisdom that comes with age and experience
He was famous for his sage advice to young painters.
Superficial: Of, affecting, or being on or near the surface
He made only a few superficial changes in the original manuscript.
Tussle: Disorderly fighting
They ended up tussling with the security staff.
Level 3

Time to be a master

Aegis: Kindly endorsement and guidance

He prospered under the aegis of his uncle.
Ardent: Characterized by intense emotion
He was an ardent lover of books.
Aversion: A feeling of intense dislike
Many people have an aversion to insects.
Cogent: Powerfully persuasive
He gave a cogent speech against corruption.
Conflagration: A very intense and uncontrolled fire
All the stock was destroyed in the warehouse conflagration.
Evince: Give expression to
He evinces distaste by grimacing.
Jettison: Throw away something encumbering
When one of the engines failed, the crew jettisoned the luggage.

M. 8670420484 Page 2
Level 10

Obliterate: Do away with completely, without leaving a trace

The sandstorm obliterated the footprints of the camel.
Pinnacle: The highest level or degree attainable
He had reached the pinnacle of his career.
Rebuke: An act or expression of criticism and censure
He had to take the rebuke with a smile on his face.
Remiss: Failing in what duty requires
He is remiss in his duties.
Senile: Mentally or physically infirm with age
They thought her to be a senile old woman and she let them do so.
Terse: Brief and to the point; effectively cut short
He gave a terse one-word answer.
Transient: Lasting a very short time
High fashion is very transient in nature.
Virile: Characterized by energy and vigour
He was a tall virile man with rugged good looks.
Vogue: The popular taste at a given time
Hoops were once the vogue.

M. 8670420484 Page 3
Miscellaneous Error Correction

1. You must either (1)/ be regular with your studies (2)/ and study for longer
period before the examination. (3)/ No error (4)
2. The new taxation rates (1)/ announced by the government (2)/ are bound to
effect the export sector. (3)/ No error (4)
3. These days, job opportunities are not as better (1)/ as they used to be (2)/ in
the early 70's. (3)/ No error (4)
4. When viewed with his point of view, the (1) / entire episode assumes (2)/ a
different colour altogether. (3)/ No error (4)
5. On many occasions (1)/ we did helped the poor (2)/ people by way of giving
them food to eat and clothes to put on. (3)/ No error (4)
6. Unless it is accepted to both the parties, an (1)/ arbitrator would
be of no (2)/ use to settle this dispute. (3)/ No error (4)
7. Although the manager was keen on getting the work (1)/ done
through Sudhir yesterday, (2)/ he tries to avoid it (3)/ No error (4)
8. The various consequences of(1)/ the decision taken by the (2)/ finance
ministry was not foreseen by the bureaucrats. (3)/ No error (4)
9. I never considered him to be a person who would (1)/ go back
on his promise and (2)/ then do not even apologise. (3)/ No error (4)
10. Having finished at school (1)/ Raghu thought/ of going to
Bombay in (2)/ search some job. (3)/ No error (4)
11. When shall we (1)/ arrive (2)/ to our destination ? (3)/ No error. (4)
12. Based on the newspaper reports, (1)/ we can conclude that (2)/
many accidents caused by reckless driving. (3)/ No error. (4)
13. Females (1)/ are not appointed (2)/ in our college. (3)/ No error. (4)
14. The officer (1)/ is angry on the clerk (2)/ for not attending to the work. (3)/ No
error. (4)
15. No sooner (1)/ I had spoken, (2) than he left. (3)/ No error. (4)
16. Computer education (1)/ in universities and colleges (2) leaves
much to be desired. (3)/ No error. (4)
17. You will be prosecuted (1)/ for bringing seeds (2)/ into Australia. (3)/ No error.
(4)
18. You must either tell me (1)/ the whole story or, at least (2)/ the
first half of it. (3)/ No error. (4)
19. Our new neighbours (1)/ had been living in Arizona (2)/ since
ten years before moving to their present house. (3)/ No error. (4)
20. The patient (1)/ was accompanied (2)/ with his friend. (3)/ No error. (4)
Miscellaneous Error Correction

21. A city dweller finds it difficult (1)/ to pass away the time (2)/ in a village. (3)/
No error. (4)
22. Visitors (1)/ were not permitted (2)/ entering the park (3)/ after
dark. No error (4)
23. The fifth and final act (1)/ of Macbeth contain (2)/ the sleepwalking
scene. (3)/ No error. (4)
24. One of the terrorists (1)/ of the Kashmir valley (2)/ are shot dead. (3)/ No
error (4)
25. Ten kilometres (1)/ is (2)/ a long distance to walk. (3)/ No error (4)
26. I saw him (1)/a couple of times (2)/ since May(3). /No error (4)
27. Tea (1)/which I am drinking (2)/ is hot (3). /No error (4)
28. Although the pol ice officer sympathised with poor (1)/ he
refused to (2) /take an action against the rich man (3). /No error (4)
29. We were looking forward (1)/ to hear news (2)/about the missing
fishermen (3)./ No error (4)
30. The actress (1)/was shocked (2)/by the news of her dog’s
death (3). /No error (4)
31. One of the questions (1)/ he asked me was (2)/ “Who did you
travel with (3) ?” /No error (4) )
32. I know (1)/a doctor (2)/you are referring to (3)./No error (4))
33. The introduction of job-oriented courses (1)/in the self-financing
colleges (2)/ attract many students
(3)./ No error (4)
34. It is better (1)/to keep one’s head in the face of danger than
(2)/losing one’s courage (3). /No error (4)
35. The short story (1)/should not exceed (2)/more than two hundred
words (3)./No error (4)
36. To die with honour (1)/is better than (2)/live with dishonour.(3)/
No error. (4)
37. It is I (1)/who is to blame.(2)/for this bad situation(3)./ No error.(4)
38. Gowri told me(1)/his name after( 2)/he left. (3)/ No error. (4)
39. John would have told (1)/you the truth (2)/ if you had asked him.
(3)/ No error. (4)
40. My sister (1)/has read (2)/pages after pages of the Bible. (3)/
No error. (4)
41. Your success in the IAS examinations depends not only on (1)/
what papers you have selected (2)/but on how you have written
Miscellaneous Error Correction

them. (3) No error. (4)

42. Heavy rain (1)/prevented us (2)/ to go to the cinema. (3)/No error.
(4)
43. If majority of the individuals in a State (1)/prosper (2)/the State
itself would prosper. (3) /No error. (4)
44. If motorists do not observe the traffic regulations (1)/they will
be stopped, ticketed (2)/and have to pay a fine. (3)/ No error. (4)
45. He asked (1)/supposing if he fails (2)/ what he would do. (3)/
No error. (4)
46. We had a lot of difficulty(1)/to find (2)/the house. (3)/ No error.(4).
47. Patience as well as perseverance (1)/are necessary (2)/for success.
(3)/ No error/(4).
48. The passer-by told us (1)/where was the marriage hall (2)/and
even led us to it. (3)/ No error/(4).
49. The increase in consumption is directly (1)/proportional to the
increase (2)/in income. (3)/No error. (4).
50. In Singapore (1)/my brother-inlaw with his wife (2)/were
present at the function. (3)/No error. (4).
51. Scarcely had (1)/I arrived than (2)/the train left. (3)/No error. (4).
52. The reason why (1)/he was rejected (2)/was because he was
too young. (3)/No error. (4).
53. Teachers of various schools (1)/ met to discuss about (2)/how to
improve the standard of English. (3)/No error. (4).
54. His tradition-bound attitude (1)/ had to be a constant source of
dissatisfaction (2)/among the younger members of the family. (3)/No error. (4).
55. The two first to arrive (1)/were the lucky recipients (2)/of a surprise
gift. (3)/No error. (4).
56. Two hours have passed (1)/ since (2)/he had fallen asleep. (3)/No error
57. Having broken down (1)/the\ driver sent the car (2)/to the garage.
(3)/No error (4).
58. He is one of those writers (1)/ who has won acclaim (2)/the
world over.(3)/No error (4).
59. The mason will not (1)/do the work (2)/except give the order.
(3)/No error (4).
60. When students are ill (1)/they find that they have a lot of work
(2)/to catch up with when they return. (3)/No error (4).
61. Scarcely did I reach the airport, (1)/nervous and tense, than the
Miscellaneous Error Correction

plane took off, (2)/leaving me stranded in an alien place. (3)/ No error (4).
62. The power to (1)/distinguish between differences (2)/is the basis
of science and art. (3)/No merror (4).
63. I have (1)/seen her only once (2)/ but I’m liking her a lot. (3)/No error (4).
64. I told him (1)/that we enjoyed very much (2)/at the party. (3)/
No error (4).
65. John is working very hardly (1)/ as the examinations (2)/are fast
approaching. (3)/No error (4).
66. He ate (1)/ nothing (2)/ since yesterday (3)/. No error (4)
67. An experimental vaccine (1)/ has brought (2)/ glimmer of hope for
the malarial researchers (3)/. No merror (4)
68. After making me wait for two agonising hours (1)/ the great
man called me in (2)/ and asked me what do I want (3)/. No error (4)
69. The ebb and flow of the tides (1)/ are (2)/ now understood (3)/. No
error (4)
70. The green paint on the wall (1)/ provides a suitable contrast (2)/
with the yellow doors (3)/. No error (4)
71. Even today (1)/ it is incredulous to think (2)/ that men have
walked on the moon. /(3) No error. (4)
72. The firemen wore (1)/ inflammable clothing (2)/ for protection. /
(3) No error. (4)
73. Beside food, (1)/ the pilgrims carried (2)/ some medicines. /(3) No
error. (4)
74. Adults suffering chicken pox (1)/ can develop (2)/ all kinds of complications (3)
No error. (4)
75. The well-known pianist (1)/ had to practice for several hours a day
(2)/ even after he rose to fame. (3)/ No error. (4)
76. The Prime Minister was asked (1)/ to write a forward (2)/ to the book.
(3)/ No error. (4)
77. I must complement you (1)/ on your good manners (2)/ and your impeccable
behaviour. (3)/ No error. (4)
78. The sweets (1)/ were shared (2)/ between the four girls. /(3) No error. (4)
79. The long-distance train (1)/ which met with an accident (2)/ was carrying
some army personal. / (3) No error. (4)
80. The young men from Japan (1)/ found the assent of the mountain
(2)/ hard going. (3)/ No error. (4)
Miscellaneous Error Correction

81. If the worst (1)/comes to worst, ( 2)/I will have to bid good-bye to my studies
and join my family business. (3) /No error. (4)
82. The interim report does not (1)/ analyse thoroughly the principle
causes (2)/of the disaster (3) / No error (4).
83. The items I liked most (1)/were the rosewood carvings (2)/and
the teak-wood furnitures of Dutch design (3)/No error. (4)
84. A part of the training (1)/they offered was (2)/real good (3)/No
error. (4)
85. The soil was moist as (1)/there was little rain (2)/the day before
(3)/No error. (4)
86. The manager wanted to know who had arrived (1)/early that
day (2)/the cashier or the accountant (3)/No error. (4)
87. They are a politically important family; (1)/one of his sisters is
a minister (2)/ and the other is married with a minister (3)/No
error. (4)
88. Supposing that the information (1)/proves to be totally reliable,
(2)/should we still have to recast the plans ? (3)/No error. (4)
89. Though its gloss can (1)/fool few unwary customers, (2)/it wouldn’t be difficult
for the clever ones to judge its real worth (3)/No error. (4)
90. She pretends as if she has (1)/ never in her life, (2)/told a lie.
Isn’t it ? (3)/No error.(4)
91. Knowledge of (1)/ at least two languages (2)/ are required to
pass the examination (3)/. No error (4).
92. The members of the Opposition Party in the Parliament (1)/ shout
upon the minister (2)/ if he makes a wrong statement (3)/. No error (4).
93. Everyone of the films (1)/ you suggested (2)/ are not worth seeing
(3)/. No error (4).
94. The Secretary and the Principal of the college (1)/ are attending
(2)/ the District Development Council Meeting at the Collectorate (3)/. No error
(4).
95. No sooner had the hockey match started (1)/ when it began (2)/
to rain (3)/. No error (4).
96. The Secretariat (1)/ comprises of (2)/ many air-conditioned rooms
(3)/. No error (4).
97. It is high time (1)/ he stood on his own (2)/ two legs (3)/. No
error (4).
98. You should avoid (1)/ to travel (2)/ in the rush hour (3)/. No error (4).
Miscellaneous Error Correction

99. There is (1)/ only one of his novels (2)/ that are interesting (3)/.
No error (4).
100. He denied (1)/ to have (2)/ been there (3)/. No error (4).
Level 8

Level 1: Let’s get warmed up

Disciple: Someone who believes and helps to spread the doctrine of

another
The religious leader’s disciples followed him blindly.
Indoctrinate: Teach doctrines to; teach uncritically
The dictator tried to indoctrinate schoolchildren with the ideas of
his party.
Lush: Produced or growing in extreme abundance
The lush green farms looked beautiful in spring.
Omnivorous: Feeding on both plants and animals
Most bears are omnivores, with the exception of polar bears.
Ponder: Reflect deeply on a subject
He pondered on the suggestion.
Restrictive: Serving to restrict
The restrictive trade policy forced the traders to do business in
other countries.
Unabated: Continuing at full strength or intensity
Strong unabated winds blew throughout the night.
Level 2: Let’s take it up a notch

Balk: Refuse to comply

She balked at the idea of compromise.
Blunt: To make less effective
She was adept at blunting criticism with a smile.
Destitution: A state without friends or money or prospects
Equality will not relieve destitution but will spread it evenly.
Eccentric: Conspicuously or grossly unconventional or unusual
He has an eccentric habit of collecting stray cats.
Fulsome: Unpleasantly and excessively suave or ingratiating in
manner or speech
He gave her fulsome compliments.
Indict: Accuse formally of a crime
He was later indicted on corruption charges.
Metamorphosis: A striking change in appearance or character or
circumstances
It is interesting to watch the metamorphosis of a caterpillar into a
butterfly.

M. 8670420484 Page 1
Level 8

Nostalgia: Longing for something past

He felt a wave of nostalgia for the life he had left behind.
Opulence: Wealth as evidenced by sumptuous living
He is surrounded by possessions which testify his opulence.
Penance: Remorse for your past conduct
He is doing penance for a lifetime of crime.
Pesky: Causing irritation or annoyance
The pesky flies hovered over the eatables.
Rife: Most frequent or common
After the failure of the harvest disease and starvation were rife.
Level 3: Time to be a master

Abstemious: Sparing in consumption of especially food and drink

They are used to leading an abstemious life.
Decadence: The state of being degenerate in mental or moral
qualities
He lived a life of total decadence.
Derogatory: Expressive of low opinion
He passed derogatory comments about everyone who came in
contact with him.
Desultory: Marked by lack of definite plan or regularity or purpose
We made some desultory conversation while waiting for the bus.
Disparate: Fundamentally different or distinct in quality or kind
A disparate group of people across the city protested against the
rise in prices.
Edifice: A structure that has a roof and walls and stands
more or less permanently in one place
She was armed with a list of historical edifices which she must not
fail to visit.
Extant: Still in existence; not extinct or destroyed or lost
The oldest extant copy is dated 1492.
Levity: Feeling an inappropriate lack of seriousness
Levity during working hours was not tolerated by his boss.
Lugubrious: Excessively mournful
He plays the violin so slowly that it becomes lugubrious.
Maudlin: Effusively or insincerely emotional
He turned maudlin after three drinks.

M. 8670420484 Page 2
Level 8

Nebulous: Lacking definite form or limits

We glimpsed a nebulous figure through the mist.
Obsequious: Attempting to win favour from influential people by
flattery
He bowed in an obsequious manner.
Puissant: Powerful
The puissant Red Indian chief was not open to discussion.
Redolent: Having a strong pleasant odour
The redolent aroma of the pines filled the air.
Repose: Freedom from activity
He took his repose by the swimming pool.
Reviled: Spread negative information about
Some of us admire them, some revile them, but most people can't
imagine joining their ranks.
Scion: A descendent or heir
He was the scion of an aristocratic family that lost their fortune in
the revolution.
Sultry: Characterized by oppressive heat and humidity
Summers are usually sultry and oppressive.
Supplication: A prayer asking God's help as part of a
religious service
He raised his arms in a gesture of supplication.
Trenchant: Characterized by or full of force and vigour
He was shattered by the trenchant criticism.
Vicissitudes: A variation in circumstances or fortune
He was continuously stiffening himself to withstand life’s
vicissitudes.

M. 8670420484 Page 3
Level 6

evel 1: Let’s get warmed up

Access: The right to enter

The access to the mall was very crowded.
Alleged: Declared but not proved
He alleged charges of graft on the bureaucrat.
Controversial: Marked by or capable of arousing controversy
The issue of death penalty is highly controversial.
Habitat: The type of environment in which an organism or group
normally lives or occurs
In its natural habitat the hibiscus will grow up to 25ft.
Invalidate: Declare invalid
He invalidated the contract by breaking some of its terms.
Landmark: The position of a prominent or well-known object in a
particular landscape
The church steeple provided a convenient landmark.
Lethal: Of an instrument of certain death
Snake bites are often lethal.
Liquidation: The act of exterminating
The losses he incurred resulted in the liquidation of his assets.
Mammoth: So exceedingly large or extensive as to suggest a giant
or mammoth
The mammoth building was hideously constructed.
Level 2: Let’s take it up a notch

Accomplice: An associate in wrongdoing

His accomplice was arrested after a high speed car chase.
Bias: Influence in an unfair way
The child took a biased view because of his mother’s judgement.
Culpable: Deserving blame or censure as being wrong or evil or
injurious
Her maid’s culpable negligence could have caused a blast in the
kitchen.
Cursory: Hasty and without attention to detail; not thorough
He took a cursory glance at the headlines in the morning.
Extrinsic: Not forming an essential or inherent part of a thing
That new facade seems like an extrinsic feature of the building.

M. 8670420484 Page 1
Level 6

Havoc: Violent and needless disturbance

The storm created havoc in the village.
Incisive: Suitable for cutting or piercing
The teeth of the saw were very incisive.
Indigenous: Originating where it is found
The American Black Bear is indigenous to many different parts of
North America.
Nomadic: Migratory
Gypsies are normally nomadic by nature.
Persevere: Be persistent, refuse to stop
He persevered in his task despite all odds.
Raze: Tear down so as to make flat with the ground
The building was razed to the ground to make a new and better one.
Stereotype: A conventional or formulaic conception or image
His stereotype lectures were getting difficult to attend.
Level 3: Time to be a master

Abrogate: Revoke formally

The next minister could abrogate the trade policy.
Asperity: Something hard to endure
The asperity of northern winter is well known.
Complicity: Guilt as an accomplice in a crime or offence
The junior’s complicity was proved in the offence.
Declaim: Speak against in an impassioned manner
He declaimed against the wasteful ways of modern society.
Epithet: A defamatory or abusive word or phrase
The players uttered a stream of obscene epithets.
Fetter: A shackle for the ankles or feet
He saw a boy in fetters in the dungeon.
Gregarious: Seeking and enjoying the company of others; sociable
He is a gregarious person who avoids solitude.
Interloper: Someone who intrudes on the privacy or property of
another without permission
She had no wish to share her father with any interloper.
Paragon: An ideal instance; a perfect embodiment of a concept
She was a paragon of neatness and efficiency.

M. 8670420484 Page 2
Level 6

Precipitate: Bring about abruptly

The matters precipitated into a fight.
Preclude: Keep from happening or arising; make impossible
His involvement in the project precluded his participation in other
competitive projects.
Recant: Officially reject or deny a formerly held belief, usually
under pressure
He recanted the vows he had made due to his mother.
Scurry: To move about or proceed hurriedly
The mouse scurried back and forth in the kitchen.
Sinecure: An office that involves minimal duties
He enjoyed a lucrative sinecure with a big law firm.
Stentorian: Used of the voice
Their grandfather’s stentorian voice always managed to scare the
children.
Supine: Lying face upward
The dog lay supine waiting for his master to come home.
Valour: Courage and boldness
He received a medal for the valour he displayed in the war in
Afghanistan.

M. 8670420484 Page 3
Level 7

Level 1: Let’s get warmed up

Accommodate: Be agreeable or acceptable to

His parents were very accommodating.
Attest: Authenticate, affirm to be true, genuine, or correct, as in an
official capacity
The painting was attested by the appraiser.
Barometer: An indicator
Opinion polls serve as a barometer of the public mood.
Component: An artifact that is one of the individual parts of which
a composite entity is made up
Their company was famous for manufacturing car components.
Crave: Have a craving, appetite, or great desire for
He had a craving for adventure.
Deem: Keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view
He said he would use force if he deemed it necessary.
Deploy: To distribute systematically or strategically
The U.S. deploys its weapons in the Middle East.
Evaluate: Evaluate or estimate the nature, quality, ability, extent, or
significance of
The king got the family jewels evaluated by a renowned jeweler.
Hoax: Something intended to deceive
There wasn’t a bomb in the school at all –it was just a hoax.
Irrelevant: Having no bearing on or connection with the subject at
issue
She was disturbed by his irrelevant comments.
Modify: Make less severe or harsh or extreme
Please modify this letter to make it more polite.
Murky: Dark or gloomy
The murky rooms of the inn were lit by smoke-blackened lamps.
Resourceful: Having inner resources; adroit or imaginative
He was the most resourceful cook in town.
Level 2: Let’s take it up a notch

Abortive: Failing to accomplish an intended result

The staff made an abortive attempt to prevent the manager from
taking office.

M. 8670420484 Page 1
Level 7

Enigma: Something that baffles understanding and cannot be

explained
This country remained an enigma for the outside world.
Fallacious: Intended to deceive
Their argument is fallacious and will not hold any water in a court
of law.
Fraught: Marked by distress
He embarked on a venture fraught with danger.
Gullible: Easily tricked because of being too trusting
Gullible tourists were taken in by the shell game.
Impeccable: Without fault or error
Her taste in clothes is impeccable.
Inherent: In the nature of something though not readily apparent
He had an inherent hatred of foreigners.
Latent: Potentially existing but not presently
She had a latent talent for music.
Manifold: Many and varied; having many features or forms
He had to overcome manifold difficulties before qualifying for the
job.
Perpetrate: Perform an act, be responsible for something
He perpetrated a nasty joke on his sister.
Romp: Play boisterously
The toddlers romped in the playroom.
Spontaneous: Happening or arising without apparent external cause
His offer to help the blind man was very spontaneous.
Level 3: Time to be a master

Assiduous: Marked by care and persistent effort

Her assiduous attempts to learn French failed.
Buff: An ardent follower and admirer
He is a real film buff.
Concoct: Devise or invent
The prisoner concocted a false story to get a lighter sentence.
Conjugal: Of or relating to marriage or to the relationship between
a wife and husband
Due to the sadist behaviour of the husband, the conjugal bliss they
once shared was at an end.

M. 8670420484 Page 2
Level 7

Consummate: Make perfect; bring to perfection

Her dream was finally consummated by the publication of her first
book.
Exult: Feel extreme happiness or elation
He is still exulting over his victory.
Innate: Being talented through inherited qualities
As a race they have an innate sense of fairness.
Itinerant: Travelling from place to place to work
The author’s experiences as an itinerant musician were very
interesting.
Labyrinth: A maze
There was a labyrinth of corridors in the university.
Myriad: Too numerous to be counted
There were myriad of bees in the hive.
Peregrination : Travelling or wandering around
Their wild peregrinations up and down the Rio Grande were the
talk of the town.
Subterfuge: A deceptive stratagem or device, ruse
The paltry subterfuge of an anonymous signature diverted the
attention of everyone.
Tortuous: Highly complex or intricate and occasionally devious
It was a tortuous mountain route.
Urbane: Showing a high degree of refinement
She maintained an urbane tone in her letters.
Veneer: An ornamental coating to a building
The bath panels were fitted with a mahogany veneer.

M. 8670420484 Page 3
Level 4

Level 1: Let’s get warmed up

Adverse: Contrary to your interests or welfare

Her adverse circumstances made her more determined to fight.
Advocate: Push for something
The doctor advocated a ban on smoking in the whole hospital.
Asset: A useful or valuable quality
His perseverance proved a valuable asset in getting the contract.
Desist: Choose not to consume
He desisted from eating red meat.
Elusive: Difficult to describe
An elusive fragrance emanated from the flowers.
Frustrate: Hinder or prevent (the efforts, plans, or desires) of
She felt frustrated when her efforts yielded no result.
Ineffectual: Not producing an intended effect
The water therapy proved ineffectual.
Interject: To insert between other elements
She interjected clever remarks in her conversation.
Respite: A (temporary) relief from harm or discomfort
In spite of the sun shine there was no respite from the cold.
Scrutinize: To look at critically or searchingly, or in minute detail
He scrutinized the documents carefully before replying.
Solicit: To seek to obtain by persuasion, entreaty
The priest keeps soliciting money for various charities.
Venom: Toxin/poison secreted by animals
Snake venom is very poisonous.
Level 2: Let’s take it up a notch

Amicable: Characterized by friendship and good will

An amicable settlement was reached at between the two parties.
Entourage: The group following and attending to some
important person
The minister’s entourage included a lot of policemen.
Excruciating: Extremely painful
She had an excruciating pain in her knees.
Extortion: An exorbitant charge

M. 8670420484 Page 1
Level 4

The fees charged by the school mounted to extortion.

Fretful: Nervous and unable to relax
Due to the thunder there was a fretful stamping of hooves by the
horses.
Inclement: (of weather or climate) severe
The inclement weather caused a lot of deaths.
Loath: Unwillingness to do something contrary to your custom
He was loath to attend the function.
Obsess: Haunt like a ghost; pursue
She is obsessed about her weight.
Pertinent: Having precise or logical relevance to the matter at hand
The lawyer asked for a list of articles pertinent to the discussion.
Premonition: A feeling of evil to come
He had a premonition about the bad times ahead.
Reverberating: Characterized by resonance
Her mother’s warning reverberated in her mind continuously.
Spew: Expel or eject from the mouth
The paper spewed dishonourable words about the presidential
candidate.
Succumb: Consent reluctantly
He finally succumbed to the pressure of his parents.
Symptomatic: Characteristic or indicative of a disease
He had a rash symptomatic of scarlet fever.
Level 3: Time to be a master

Astute: Having insight or acumen

An astute tenant always reads the small print in a lease.
Bigot: A person who is utterly intolerant of any differing creed,
belief, or opinion
Political bigotry is very common.
Blatant: Completely obvious
He was blatantly rude to his seniors.
Doleful: Filled with or evoking sadness
The child’s doleful expression moved him to pity.
Histrionics: A deliberate display of emotion for effect
She indulged in histrionics when no-one paid attention to her.

M. 8670420484 Page 2
Level 4

Impresario: A sponsor who books and stages public entertainments

The efforts of the impresario were praised by the public on hearing
the violinist.
Malady: Any unwholesome or desperate condition
The malady could be cured only by patience.
Mastiff: An old breed of powerful deep-chested smooth-coated dog
used mainly as a watchdog and guard dog
The mastiff sadly bled to death, but a week later the German
shepherd is still thriving and well on its way to grow into
something big.
Nefarious: Extremely wicked
He escaped narrowly from the nefarious schemes of the agent.
Peruse: Examine or consider with attention and in detail
He perused the report at his leisure.
Recoil: Spring back, as from a forceful thrust
He recoiled on seeing the snake.
Vexatious: Causing irritation or annoyance
The vexatious child caused a ruckus.
Virulent: Extremely poisonous or injurious; producing venom
A virulent virus spread in the city.
Wan: (of light) lacking in intensity or brightness; dim or feeble
Her wan face flushed on receiving her appointment letter.

M. 8670420484 Page 3
Level 2

Level 1: Let’s get warmed up

Aspirants: An ambitious and aspiring young person

There are more than two hundred thousand CAT aspirants that
appear for the exam every year.
Brash: Offensively bold
A brash newcomer flouted the rules of the club.
Concur: Be in accord, be in agreement
The policemen concurred with the Mayor on the issue of prevention
of crime.
Condolence: An expression of sympathy with another's grief
They sent their condolences on her mother’s death.
Culprit: Someone who perpetrates wrongdoing
The culprit was caught while running from the scene of the crime.
Ethics: Motivation based on ideas of right and wrong
The medical ethics did not allow him to operate.
Frenzy: State of violent mental agitation
There was frenzied activity outside the castle.
Incongruous: Lacking in harmony
His joke was incongruous with polite conversation.
Ominous: Threatening/Presaging ill fortune
A dead and ominous silence prevailed after the storm.
Level 2: Let’s take it up a notch

Admonish: Warn strongly

The teacher admonished the student on his bad behaviour.
Castigate: Censure severely
The judge castigated the prisoner.
Cessation: A stopping
The birds started chirping after the cessation of the storm.
Clandestine: Conducted with or marked by hidden aims or methods
During the war there were many clandestine operations to rescue
prisoners of war.
Inane: Devoid of intelligence
They made inane and affected remarks to one another.
Intimidate: Make timid or fearful
She is intimidated by her boss.

M. 8670420484 Page 1
Level 2

Mundane: Found in the ordinary course of events

The mundane affairs of the office took up most of her time.
Solace: Comfort in disappointment or misery
She found solace in the park amidst the flowers.
Stipulate: Specify as a condition
Payment dates were stipulated in the contract itself.
Tangible: Capable of being treated as fact
His fear of the dark was tangible.
Tremulous: Marked by trembling, or shaking
She was so scared of her formidable aunt that she spoke in a
tremulous voice in front of her.
Level 3: Time to be a master

Alacrity: Liveliness and eagerness

He accepted the job offer with alacrity.
Belittle: Express a negative opinion of
He belittled his subordinates daily.
Belligerent: Characteristic of an enemy or one eager to fight
The boxer’s belligerent looks scared his opponents.
Bristle: Rise up as in fear
The dog’s fur bristled on seeing the big cat.
Disdain: Reject with contempt
He disdainfully rejected his brother’s offer of help.
Dregs: Residue or remains
The dregs left in the room of the victim showed traces of sleeping
pills.
Duress: Compulsory force or threat
The witness confessed under duress.
Euphemism: An inoffensive or indirect expression
‘Passed away’ is just a euphemism for saying someone has died.
Feint: Deceive by a mock action
The midfielder feinted to launch a kick towards the goalkeeper.
Flagrant: shockingly noticeable or evident, glaring
There was flagrant violation of human rights during the British rule.
Inexorable: Unyielding, unalterable
Shyama inexorably ignored his pleas.

M. 8670420484 Page 2
Level 2

Laceration: A torn ragged wound

He had lacerations on feet because he was scrambling through the
bushes earlier in the day.
Octogenarian: Being from 80 to 89 years old
The octogenarian celebrated his birthday in style with his family.
Promulgate: State or announce
His promulgation of the policy proved to be immature and he had
to take it back under public pressure.
Pugnacious: Combative in nature
Bodyguards are generally pugnacious in nature.
Rampant: Unrestrained and violent
There was a rampant growth of weeds during the monsoon.
Repudiate: Refuse to acknowledge
The woman repudiated the divorce settlement she had finalized
with her estranged husband.
Scoff: Laugh at with contempt and derision
There wasn’t anything he wouldn’t scoff at. He was simply an
irritated old buffoon.
Scurrilous: Given to the use of vulgar, coarse, or abusive language
Reality TV shows, such as Big Brother, are a mixture of nothing
else but glamour and scurrilous language.
Sordid: Morally degraded
The sordid details of the case left nothing to imagination.

M. 8670420484 Page 3
Level 1

Level 1: Let’s get warmed up

Affluent : Plentiful; abundant/ having an abundance of wealth

The affluent banker had a lot of respect in the city.
Arbitrary: Based on or subject to individual discretion, at times
without preference to reasoning
The diet imposes daily intake of calories but the daily menu is
arbitrary.
Discern: Detect with the senses
The fragrance was discernable by its exclusivity.
Dubious: Fraught with uncertainty or doubt
They agreed to my arguments but remained dubious.
Feasible: Capable of being done with means at hand
The project was feasible as they had the necessary know-how.
Fiasco: A sudden and violent collapse
The function turned into a fiasco due to the rain.
Harass: Annoy continually or chronically
The army commandant harassed his battalion.
Jurisdiction: In law; the territory within which power can be
exercised
The jurisdiction of the court is fixed according to the district.
Oust: Remove from a position or office
The chairperson was ousted after he misappropriated funds.
Revert: Go back to a previous state
We reverted to the old policies of the company and choose to do
things as our boss told us to do so.
Terminate: Bring to an end or halt
An official accused of dishonesty should be terminated
immediately.
Level 2: Let’s take it up a notch

Cognizant: Fully informed; conscious

The police chief was cognizant of the difficulties faced by his sub-
ordinates.
Confidante: Someone to whom private matters are confided
The queen called her confidante before retiring.
Deride: Treat or speak of with contempt
The teacher derided the student in front of the whole class.

M. 8670420484 Page 1
Level 1

Disparage: Express a negative opinion of

Her mother’s disparagement caused her a lot of embarrassment.
Effigy: A crude representation of a person, at times used for
purposes of ridicule
The crowd burnt the effigies of those tainted politicians involved in
the riots.
Flout: Treat with contemptuous disregard
The students flouted the rules of the hostel.
Forthwith: At once, immediately
Any bureaucrat accused of corruption should be suspended
forthwith.
Laudable: Worthy of high praise
The NGO made laudable efforts to save the environment.
Perverse: Directed away from what is right or good
Her husband took perverse pleasure in foiling her plans.
Quell: Suppress or crush completely
He quelled his hunger with water.
Skirmish: A minor short-term fight
There was a skirmish over the rules before the debate began.
Turbulent: being in a state of agitation or tumult
The flight was delayed due to turbulent weather.
Level 3: Time to be a master

Chagrin: Strong feelings of embarrassment

She was chagrined at the imbecile behaviour of the child.
Consternation: Fear resulting from the awareness of danger
The small child watched in consternation as the thief took away the
valuables.
Eschew: To avoid; shun
To eschew one’s duty is never a good sign for an employee.
Exacerbate: Make worse
Heavy rainfall in the North-east exacerbated the flood problems.
Fray: A noisy fight/ A heated dispute or contest
The electoral candidates frayed publicly.
Implacable: Not to be appeased, or pacified
He failed to please the implacable woman.

M. 8670420484 Page 2
Level 1

Indigent: Poor enough to need help from others

The indigent ground soldiers were happy to receive the help of the
natives.
Masticate: Grind and knead
The cows were masticating grass in the meadow.
Monolithic: Imposing in size or bulk or solidity
The monolithic architecture of the Mughals impressed everyone.
Obsolescence: Being in the process of passing out of use or
usefulness
The government used policies of complete obsolescence.
Paroxysm: A sudden uncontrollable attack
The joker induced a paroxysm of giggling amongst the audience.
Perfunctory: Done usually and with little interest or care
A perfunctory inspection failed to reveal the flaws in the structure.
Precocious: Characterized by unusually early development or
maturity
In some species of magnolias, precocious flowers appear before the
leaves.
Reprehensible: Blameworthy
The judge reprimanded him for his reprehensible acts.
Sally: A venture off the beaten path
He sallied into the wide world beyond his home.
Stymie: A thwarting and distressing situation
A problem in thermodynamics stymied half the class.
Voluble: Marked by a ready flow of speech
She is a very voluble young woman.

M. 8670420484 Page 3
ADD-VERB

➢ The words that add either before or after a verb.

➢ CLASSIFICATION OF ADVERB:

1. Adverb of Manner - How the work is progressing or has done is known from
Adverb of manner and it is used at the end of a sentence.
Ex - He is singing the song sweetly.

2. Adverb of Time - When the work has done or is been doing and it is used at the
end of a sentence.
Ex - They came at 5 o’ clock yesterday.

3. Adverb of Place - Where the work has been done or it indicates the place of the
work. It is also used at the end of a sentence.
Ex - They performed the drama at Rabindra Sadan.

Rule-1:
If Adverb of manner, time and place is used together in a sentence then the
sequence should be - Manner →Place →Time (MPT)

Ex - They performed their musical drama quite well at Rabindra Bhaban last night.
(A.M.) (A.P.) (A.T.)

Rule-2:
If adverb of Time denotes past indicating time, such as Yesterday, last time,
last year, last night, last day… then the tense of the sentence must be in simple
past.

Ex - a. I have seen the movie along with my friends last night. 

➢ I saw the movie along with my friends last night. ( Right )

b. Today we will visit Tarapith temple (Right )

M.8670420484 Page 1
ADD-VERB

4. Adverb of Frequency - Those words that does not fix the time of a work (just,
already, seldom). They are used after the auxiliary verb and before the main verb
or between auxiliary and main verb.
Ex -
i. I have just drawn the picture.
ii. He seldom visited the place.
Rule-3:
‘Occasionally’ & ‘Sometimes’ are called the sentence beginner.
Ex - Sometimes he does some mistakes.
Rule-4:
➢ USE OF SOMETIME & SOMETIMES

‘Sometime’ denotes a fix time may be in past or may be in future.

‘Sometimes’ denotes frequency not the exact time.

Ex - a. Sometime in 1857, the Sepoy of Barrackpore started India’s first war of

Independence.

b. Sometimes I wished to visit a foreign land but due to scarcity of money it didn’t
occur.

Rule-5:
➢ USE OF HARDLY,SCARCELY,RARELY&BARELY
These four words denote positive structure but negative meaning.
Ex - I hardly visited the place (never visited the place).
Rule-6:
➢ USE OF TOO…TO
Affirmative in structure but negative in meaning.
Ex - The old man is too weak to walk.

M.8670420484 Page 2
ADD-VERB

Rule-7:
➢ USE OF SO … THAT
It denotes both positive and negative meaning.
Ex - a. The old man is so weak that he cannot walk (negative).
b. He is so intelligent that he can understand what I want to mean (positive).
Rule-8:
➢ USE OF NO SOONER & HARDLY

• HARDLY - (structure)
i. Hardly +had+noun+v3+obj/com+when+noun2+v2+obj/com.
ii. Hardly +did+noun+v1+obj/com+when+noun2+v2+obj/com.

• NO SOONER - (structure)
i. No sooner+had+noun+v3+obj/com+than+noun2+v2+obj/com.
ii. No sooner+did+noun+v1+obj/com+than+noun2+v2+obj/com.

Translation -
I. মেয়েটি সাপটিয়ে মেয়েয়ে কে মেয়েকি েড়য়ে শুরু েরল ।

➢ Hardly had the girl seen the snake when she started to run.

II. মেয়েটি সাপটিয়ে যেিই িা মেয়েয়ে েেিই েড়য়ে শুরু েয়রয়ে ।

➢ No sooner had the girl seen the snake than she started to run.

Rule-9:
‘Lay’ is a transitive verb. It must have an object.
‘Lie’ is an intransitive verb. It must not have an object.
M.8670420484 Page 3
ADD-VERB

Ex - a. He lays the paper on the floor and goes away.

b. He laid the paper on the floor and goes away.
c. He lied.

Rule-10:
There are some words. We use ‘’as after them. They are –
Regard View
Describe Know
Define

Ex - I regard him as my brother.

Rule-11:
There are some words that do not take ‘as’ after them. They are –

Elect Make
Consider Choose
Call Introduce
Appoint
Ex - a. He describes her fool.

➢ He describes her as a fool.✓

b. The secretary introduced as the chairman of our club. 

➢The secretary introduced himself the chairman of our club.✓

Rule-12:
‘Else’ is followed by ‘but’.

M.8670420484 Page 4
ADD-VERB

Ex - It is nothing else than your pride that will destroy you.

It is nothing else but your pride that will destroy you.

Rule-13:
‘Other & Otherwise’ is followed by ‘than’.

Ex - I had no other alternatives but to call you.

➢I had no other alternatives than to call you.✓

Rule-14:
‘Never’ is used when there is a sense of repeat.

Ex- Netaji was never born in Calcutta.

➢ Netaji was not born in Calcutta.✓

Rule-15:
‘Coward’ is a noun but ‘Cowardly’ is an adjective.

Ex - He is a coward man.

➢ He is a cowardly man.✓

➢ He is a coward.✓

Rule-16:
‘Very’ is used in positive degree and takes present participle.

Ex - This is a very interesting story.

Rule-17:
‘Much’ is used in comparative degree & takes past participle.
Ex - I was much exhausted in the evening.

M.8670420484 Page 5
ADD-VERB

➢ Meaning and use of some adverbs/words

1) At last - At long last.

Ex - At last he became successful to get his job.
2) Lastly - The last in the least.
Ex - he was called lastly among all the students.
3) Late - If refers prolonged time.
Ex - Joydeb came 30 minutes late today.
4) Lately - Recently
Ex- Lately I have come to know about the truth of the incidents.
5) Hard - Something done with great effort.
Ex - We have earned our freedom. We have to protect our hard on freedom.
6) Hardly - Denotes almost negative.
Ex - hardly I have visited the place.
6) Hardly - Denotes almost negative.
Ex - hardly I have visited the place.
7) Lie (শুয়ে থাো) - lie/lies(V1) →lay(V2)→lain(V3)→lying(V4).
Ex - The boy was lain the open street.
8) Lie (কেথযা) - lie/lies(V1) →lied(V2)→lied(V3)→lying(V4).
Ex - The man was lying & deceiving us.
9) Lay (রাো-to put) - lay/lays (V1) →laid(V2)→laid(V3)→laying(V4).
Ex -The bill was laid before the parliament.
10) In front of - Forward/ outside
Ex - The bus stop in front of the hotel.
11) In the front of - The most forward part of something.
Ex - The driver sits in the front of the bus.
12) Implicit - Underline meaning

M.8670420484 Page 6
ADD-VERB

Ex - It was implicit that I have to pay my fair.

13) Explicit - has given directly.
Ex - It has given explicit instruction
14) Rather - used in case of negative sentence.
Ex- Don’t do so rather I will scold you.
15) Fairly - is used in positive sentence.
Ex - the total election procedure was done fairly by the poling personnel.
16) Firstly - It is a wrong expression. It should be ‘First’.
Ex - First you go there and then collect your coupon.

M.8670420484 Page 7
ADJECTIVE

➢ The word that qualifies a noun or pronoun is called Adjective.

It can be used in two ways –

1. Attributively - The adjective is used before the noun it qualifies.

Ex- This is a tough question.
• This is a sweet mango.
2. Predicatively - The adjective is used after the noun it qualifies.
Ex - The question is very tough
• The mango is very sweet.
➢ Classification of Adjective
1. Proper Adjective - The adjective that we can derive from proper noun.
Ex - Indian culture, Nehru tupi.
2. Possessive Adjective - The adjective that denotes the possession of a man.
Ex - My pen, your book, their clothes.
3. Demonstrative Adjective - These children, this house, those boys.

4. Distributive Adjective - Each boy, many boys, such boys.

5. Interrogative Adjective - Whose book, which book.

6. Adjective of quality - Good girl, poor child, sweet mango.
7. Adjective of quantity - Some sugar, any question. A little water, few men.
8. Numerical Adjective –
It is classified into two group –
o Cardinal
o Ordinal

M.8670420484 Page 1
ADJECTIVE

Cardinal Ordinal
Cardinal denotes number. Ordinal denotes position.

Ex- one, two, four etc. Ex -1st,2nd,3rd etc.

Article ‘A’ or ‘An’ can be used We have to use ‘The’ before Ordinal
before a cardinal. Adjective.

Ex- I have a one eyed deer. Ex - He is the first boy. He is the

He gave me a hundredrupee note. last man.

Rule -1:
:

I have good many things to do. 

I have many good things to do.✓

If adjective of quality and quantity is used together in a sentence then we have to use the
quantity at firstand then quality.

Rule -2 :

My elder brother is older than I by five years.

Older Elder
Older is used in case of blood relation and Elder is used only in case of blood
other than blood relation. relation.
Older is used with animate & Elder is used only with animate
inanimate object. object.
Older can be compared. Elder cannot be compared.

Ex - This is an older house than ours. Ex - He is my elder brother.

M.8670420484 Page 2
ADJECTIVE

Rule - 3 :
➢ USE OF FEW

1. Few -
i. Is used with countable noun.
ii. Without article few denotes negative meaning.

Ex - I have few money in my hands (no money at all).

2. A Few -It denotes positive sense & convey to some have.

Ex - I have a few money by which I will not be able to buy gift.
3. The few - It denotes positive meaning & convey the sense enough but not more than that.
Ex - I have given you the few books I had.

Rule - 4 :
➢ USE OF LESS & FEW

‘LESS ’ is used with uncountable noun,

‘FEW’ is used with countable noun.

Ex - This chapter is less important for our exam. No fewer than twenty students were present
Rule - 5 :
➢ USE OF LITTLE
1. Little - Is used with uncountable noun. Without article it denotes negative meaning.

Ex - There is little water in the bottle (no water at all).

2. A Little - It denotes positive meaning (to some have).

Ex - There is a little water in the bottle. It will not be able quench your thirst.

3. The Little - It denotes positive meaning - enough but not more than that.
Ex - The little water that was in the bottle was evaporated

M.8670420484 Page 3
ADJECTIVE

Rule - 6 :
➢ USE OF SOME & ANY

‘SOME’ is used in case of positive sentence.

Ex - I have some duties to perform.
‘ANY’ is used in case of negative sentence & interrogative sentence.
Ex- I don’t have anything to say about this.
Do you want to tell anything?

Rule - 7 :
➢ USE OF ENOUGH & ONLY

ONLY - is a word used prior or before the word it qualifies.

Ex - Only the boy can give the answer.
The boy can give only the answer.

ENOUGH - is used after the word it qualify.

Ex- He is enough intelligent to understand what I want to mean.

He is intelligent enough to understand what I want to mean.✓

I have enough money to afford a car.✓

Rule - 8 :
➢ USE OF MUTUAL & COMMON

Mutual (Reciprocal) - related to only two.

Ex - They have filed a mutual divorce case.

Common - belonging to many.

Ex - Now a days it becomes a common problem to deal with.

Rule - 8 :

➢ USE OF FIRST, FORMER& FOREMOST

M.8670420484 Page 4
ADJECTIVE

First - It denotes position if persons are more than [Link] - Of Sourav, Sachin, Virat, I like the First.

Former - It denotes position if there is only two person.

Of Sourav and Sachin, I like the former.

Foremost - It denotes the utmost importance.

If there are two persons at a time we have to use Former for the 1st & we have to use first if
there are more than twopersons at a time.

Rule - 9 :
➢ USE OF LAST,LATTER,LATER & LEAST

LAST - It denotes position if the person/ thing is more than two.

Ex - Of Sourav, Sachin, Virat, Dhoni, I like the last.

LATTER - It denotes the position if the person is two.

Ex - Of Sourav & Sachin , I like the latter.

LATER - It denotes time.

Ex - See you later.

LEAST - Of recent time/edition/value.

Ex - Please give me the latest edition of [Link] Sarkar

Rule - 10 :
➢ USE OF MUCH & MANY

Much - It is used with uncountable noun.

Ex - I have much information related to the matter.

Many - It is used with countable noun.

Ex - I have many friends.

M.8670420484 Page 5
ADJECTIVE

Rule - 11 :
➢ USE OF CHILDISH & CHILDLIKE

Childish - It denotes negative sense.

Ex - His childish simplicity irritates us.

Childlike - It denotes positive sense.

Ex - His childlike simplicity cherries us.

Rule - 12 :
➢ USE OF WOMANLY & WOMANISH

Womanly - Anything related to woman in positive sense.

Womanish/effeminate - Although the drawback of a woman (in negative sense).

M.8670420484 Page 6
ADJECTIVE

➢ POSITIVE DEGREE

If one is compared or one is spoken we use Positive Degree. Ex - a. Ram is a good

boy. [Simple sentence with an adjective.]
b. Ram is as good as / not so good as someone. [positive degree]

➢ Some Rules To Use Positive Degree

i. As…as : Used in positive degree.

Ex - Ram is as good as his brother.

ii. So…as: Used in negative sentence

Ex - Ram is not so good as his brother.

iii. No other + noun(singular) + verb(singular) + as…as + noun.

Ex - No other boy is as good as Ram.

iv. Very few + noun (plural ) + verb(plural) + as…as + noun.

Ex -Very few boys are as good as Ram.

➢ COMPARATIVE DEGREE

Comparative is used when there are at least two person. Ex - a. Ram is better
than his brother.

M.8670420484 Page 7
ADJECTIVE

b. Ram is better than any other boy in the class.

c. Ram is better than many other/ most other boys in the class.

➢ Some Rules To Use Comparative Degree

i. We have to use the subject + verb at first.

ii. We have to use comparative degree of the adjective.

iii. We have to use ‘than’ after comparative degree.

iv. We have to use ‘any other’ after ‘than’ and it takes noun in singular.

v. We have to use ‘many other’/ ‘most other’ after ‘than’ and it takes noun in
plural.

➢ SUPERLATIVE DEGREE

Superlative is used when there are more than two persons. Ex - a. Ram is the best
of all the boys in the school.
b. Ram is one of the best boys in the class.

➢ Some Rules To Use Superlative Degree

i. We have to use the subject + verb at first.

ii. We have to use Superlative degree of the adjective.
iii. We have to use ‘the’ before Superlative degree.
iv. We have to use ‘of all’ and it takes noun in plural.
v. We may use ‘one of’ to make Superlative degree but it takes noun in plural and
verb in singular.

➢ Examples of Degree change

a. Gold is the most precious metal.(S)

No other metal is as precious as Gold.(P)

M.8670420484 Page 8
ADJECTIVE

Gold is more precious than any other metal.(C)

b. Delhi is farther from Bombay than Pune.(C)

Delhi is the farthest from Bombay and Pune.(S)

To make Positive Degree is not possible here.

➢ Some Extra Rules of Degree

Rule -1 :
In comparative ‘the ’ should not be used except the sentences where one thing is
depends upon another.
Ex -
I. The higher we go the clear it is.

II. The more we read the more we learn

Rule -2 :
Some words are there that are already comparative in form, we should not use
any comparative form with them. These words should always be used in
comparative.
We should use ‘to’ after them.
After the word ‘prefer’ we had to use noun or gerundial form of noun.

These words are - More  Junior Than 

Senior To✓
Interior
Exterior
Posterior
Superior
Inferior
Prefer

M.8670420484 Page 9
ADJECTIVE

Preferable
Ex -

I. Russia is inferior to China in nuclear power.

II. I more prefer coffee than tea. 

➢ I prefer coffee to tea. ✓

III. I prefer reading story book to eating and sleeping.

Rule -3 :
Some words are there that are only used in positive degree. These words are –

Absolute Full

Annual Impossible

Chief Round

Circular Unique

Complete Universal

Entire Whole

Extreme Perfect

Excellent

Ex - That is the most perfect example that I have come across.

Rule -4 :
Sometimes the comparison is made with the whole, so the person should be
Separatethan others.
M.8670420484 Page 10
ADJECTIVE

Ex - Rabindra is more intelligent than all students of his class.

➢ Rabindra is more intelligent than all other students of his class.✓

Rule -5 :

The comparison should be made equally.

Ex - The team of India is better than Australia.

➢ The team of India is better than that of Australia.✓

Here Australia is an inanimate object. So ‘that of’ should be used there.

Rule -6 :
Geometrical shape cannot be compared.
Ex - Our Park is more circular than theirs.
➢ Our park is circular in shape.✓

➢ Foreign Adjectives

Adjectives Foreign adjectives

Boy Puerile
City Civic
Poor Impoverish
Tree Arboreal/Arbores
East Oriental
West Occidental
North Boreal
South Austral

M.8670420484 Page 11
ADJECTIVE

Month Menstrual
Day Diurnal
Year Annual
Heaven Celestial
Earth Terrestrial
Hell Infernal
Cat Feline
Dog Canine
Sheep Ovine
Cow Bovine
Eagle Aquiline
Flock Gregarious
Horse Equas
Foot Pedal
Hand Manual
Head Capital
Nose Nasal
Eye Ocular/optical
Ear Auricular
Tongue Lingual
Teeth Dental/odonto
Hair Capillary
Skin Derma
Flesh Carnal
Country Rural
Egg Ovule
End Final
Friend Amicable
Home Domestic
Husband/wife Conjugal

M.8670420484 Page 12
ADJECTIVE

King Royal/regal
Law Legal/judicial
Life Vital
Light(আল ো) Luminous

Light Lucid
(হো কো)
Lion Leonine
Lip Labial
Male Masculine/humane
Female Feminine
Man Masculine
Marriage Nuptial
Money Pecuniary
Sun Solar
Moon Lunar
Mouth Oral
Name Nominal
Nature Normal
Night Nocturnal
Place Local
Punishment Penal
Ray Radiant

Mountain Oro
Blood Haemato/gory
Grass Graminy
Salt Saline
Sea Marine
School Academy
Ship Nautical/naval

M.8670420484 Page 13
ADJECTIVE

Side Lateral
Spring Vernal
Star Astral
Time Temporary
Water Aquatic/aqueous
Womb Uterine
Youth Juvenile
Word Verbose
Rain Pluvial
Church Ecclesiastical
Child Filial
Sky Ethereal
World Mundane

M.8670420484 Page 14
Level 5
L
Level 1: Let’s get warmed up

Domicile: Make one's home in a particular place or community

The domicile rules of USA are very tough.
Elapse: Pass by
Three years elapsed before he met his family.
Emit: Expel or give off
The ozone layer blocks some harmful rays which the sun emits.
Integral: Existing as an essential constituent or characteristic
Honesty was an integral part of his personality.
Lax: Lacking in rigour or strictness
The students were lax in attending classes.
Nominal: Insignificantly small; a matter of form only
The doctor’s fee was nominal and not exorbitant by any standard.
Prestigious: Having an illustrious reputation; respected
He has a prestigious position in the company.
Rash: Imprudently incurring risk
Rash driving can cause accidents.
Ultimate: Furthest or highest in degree or order; utmost or extreme
The summer resort provided the ultimate in luxury.
Level 2: Let’s take it up a notch

Conjecture: A hypothesis that has been formed by speculating or

without any proof
He dismissed the idea as mere conjecture having no factual basis.
Eventuate: To result ultimately
The pandemic eventuated in the deaths of thousands.
Flamboyant: Marked by ostentation but often tasteless
Everyone made fun of his flamboyant way of dressing.
Fortitude: Mental and emotional strength in facing difficulty.
The foreigners were typically impressed by the fortitude of the
tribal’s.
Haven: A shelter serving as a place of safety or sanctuary
The school authorities provided for a safe haven for destitute
children.
Ilk: A kind of person

M. 8670420484 Page 1
Level 5
L
I can’t tolerate people of his ilk.
Incoherent: Without logical or meaningful connection
He gave a turgid and incoherent presentation.
Inhibition: Something that restrains or blocks
The political leaders gave speeches without inhibition.
Meticulous: Marked by precise accordance with details
The teacher meticulously compiled the results.
Placard: A sign posted in a public place as an advertisement
The way to the auditorium was written on the placard.
Remuneration: The act of paying for goods or services or to
recompense for losses
He did not receive adequate remuneration for his work.
Sporadic: Irregular / occasional
The sporadic rise in prices caused lot of discomfort to the common
man.
Truncated: Cut short in duration
The truncated tree was spread across the road.
Viable: Capable of living/ practical
The project was viable as the terms were very flexible.
Level 3: Time to be a master

Anathema: One that is greatly reviled, loathed, or shunned

The subject of infidelity is anathema to him.
Diatribe: Thunderous verbal attack
The students continued their diatribe against the teachers.
Expunge: Remove by erasing
The writer corrected some factual slips and expunged some
repetitions.
Fractious: Easily irritated or annoyed
He was an impatient fractious young man.
Importune: Beg persistently and urgently
He importuned the help of his relatives.
Incontrovertible: Impossible to deny or disprove
There was incontrovertible proof of the defendant’s innocence.
Jaunty: Crisp and dapper in appearance

M. 8670420484 Page 2
Level 5
L
The jaunty red hat suited her perfectly.
Lurid: Horrible in fierceness or savagery
There was a lurid account of the crime in the newspaper.
Obviate: Do away with
One can obviate a future difficulty but not one which already exists.
Ostentatious: Intended to attract notice and impress others
The ostentatious feathers in her cap caught everyone’s eye.
Quip: A witty saying
He is very good at making clever quips.
Schism: Division of a group into opposing factions
Another schism like that and the company will wind up in
bankruptcy.
Subjugate: Put down by force or intimidation
The rich landowners subjugated the poor peasants working for
them.
Subterranean: Being or operating under the surface of the
earth/hidden
The culprit’s subterranean motives for murder were exposed by
Patrick Jane.
Surreptitious: Conducted with or marked by hidden aims or
methods
There was a surreptitious movement of troops on the border.
Timorous: Timid by nature or revealing timidity
The timorous mouse ran hither thither.
Utopia: An imaginary place considered to be perfect or ideal
The small and languid hill town forms part of the writer’s utopia,
one that he craves for incessantly.

M. 8670420484 Page 3
Advanced words Level 1

Level 1: Let’s get warmed up

Backpedal: Modify one's opinion, make it less strong

Politicians generally find it hard to backpedal on their publicly
stated positions.
Compound: Add or increase
Strong winds compounded the difficulties of the fire-fighters.
Caustic: Harsh or corrosive in tone
He heaped caustic comments on his opponents.
Voracious: Very Greedy
Ram is a voracious shopkeeper who over-charges all his clients.
Indiscriminate: Not making or based on careful distinctions
The indiscriminate marking by the teacher led to the failure of a
number of students.
Eminent: Of high rank or importance
Some eminent members of the society helped in rehabilitating the
slum-dwellers in the city.
Matron: Supervisor or monitor
The hospital matron was very strict with the new nurses.
Paradox: Contradiction
It is a strange paradox that standing is more tiring than walking ,
Realm: Kingdom
The priest lived in an idyllic realm of contentment and self-
indulgence.
Throng: A large gathering of people
The crowds thronged the stadium of the rock concert.
Accost: Speak to someone
He was accosted in the street by four men.
Plethora: Extreme excess
There was a plethora of toys in Santa’s bag.
Felon: Someone who has committed a crime.
As a convicted felon he was sent to prison.
Fabricate: Make up something artificial or untrue
He fabricated a lie to save his life.
Gesticulate: Show, express or direct through movement
He gesticulated to call them near.

M. 8670420484 Page 1
Advanced words Level 1

Vigilant: Carefully observant or attentive.

It was difficult to escape the vigilant eye of the town watch.
Avid: Ardently or excessively desirous
She was an avid reader of literary books.
Enhance: Increase
This condiment will enhance the flavour of the meal.
Jostle: To come in rough contact while moving; push and shove
The passengers jostled each other in the overcrowded train.
Level 2: Let’s take it up a notch

Steeped: To soak in liquid/devote oneself fully

The peach blossoms were soaked in oil to be able to take out their
fragrance.
Replete: Fill to satisfaction
The cricket match was replete with excitement and great plays.
Abound: In large quantities
In spring, the gardens abound with flowers.
Automaton: Robot
Only an automaton wouldn’t have noticed the hectic activity on the
busy street.
Annals: Chronological records
The king is mentioned several times in annals of the period of his
rule.
Perceive: To become conscious of something
She finally managed to perceive the truth.
Laconic: Brief and to the point
Whenever you ask him a tricky question, he gives a laconic reply.
Reticent: Cool and formal in manner
The students were very reticent to discuss their work.
Hapless: Deserving or inciting pity
The poor became hapless victims of a ruthless society.
Irate: Feeling or showing extreme anger
Irate protesters came onto the streets against corruption.
Level 3: Time to be a master

Prognosticate: To portend
The latest date of urban renewal prognosticates a social and cultural

M. 8670420484 Page 2
Advanced words Level 1

renaissance.
Badger: Annoy persistently
The beggar badgered the tourists constantly till they gave him some
money.
Implore: Entreat
The victim implored the tribunal to have mercy.
Drudgery: Hard, menial work
The loss of a maid added to the drudgery of the housekeeper.
Interminable: Tiresomely long
The interminable sermon almost put the congregation to sleep.
Intrepid: Invulnerable to fear
All super heroes are intrepid people.
Furtive: Secret and sly or sordid
He was a young man with furtive eyes.
Pretext: Something serving to conceal plans
Under the pretext of friendship, he betrayed them.
Adroit: Quick or skilful
He is an adroit negotiator when it comes to cracking business deals.
Cajole: To persuade by flattery or urging
He cajoled her into going along with him to the movies.
Reprimand: Rebuke formally
The customer rebuked the waiter for bringing cold soup.

M. 8670420484 Page 3
French words
1. A la carte: On the menu

Example: Restaurants usually offer variety on their à la carte with choices for each of the several courses.

2. A la minute: To the minute

Example: This term is used in restaurant kitchens for dishes which are cooked to order, rather than made ahead of
time.

3. À la mode: In fashion, style

Example: Apparently someone decided that having ice cream on pie was the à la mode way to eat it.

4. Adieu: Farewell, good bye

Example: I bade him adieu when he was leaving the country forever.

5. Aide-de-camp: Camp assistant

Example: A military officer who serves as a personal assistant to a higher-ranking officer.

6. Aide-mémoire: Memory aid; a note serving as a reminder

Example: In international relations, an aide-mémoire is a proposed agreement or negotiating text circulated

informally among delegations for discussion.

7. Ambiance: The mood, character, quality, tone, atmosphere, etc., particularly of an environment.

Example: The restaurant had a delightful ambiance.

8. Amour-propre: Self love; self respect

Example: He was essentially a good-tempered man and had not a trace of amour propre in his nature.

9. Aperitif: Cocktail (The actual meaning of apéritif is ‘to open’ and it has come from Latin originally).

Example: Start the evening by enjoying an aperitif beside the roaring fire in the snug lounge area.

10. Attaché: Attached; A person assigned to a diplomatic post

Example: Most of the Ambassadors have their attaché to deal with people's queries.

11. Au contraire: On the contrary

Example: I told you that she misbehaved with me. Au contraire you are scolding me.

12. Au courant: Up-to-date

Example: The shoes, the hair, the clothes- every last detail of her dress, in fact- was utterly au courant.

13. Au gratin: With gratings; Anything that is grated and put on top of a dish, like breadcrumbs or cheese

Example: She likes to cook her pasta and grilled vegetables au gratin as her kids like that more.

14. Bas-relief: Low relief/design; Sculpture that is only slightly more prominent than its background.

Example: The marble bas-relief panels were set into the walls of the hall.

15. Beau geste: A fine or noble gesture, often futile.

M.8670420484 Page 1
French words
Example: My fellow writers supported me by writing letters of protest to the publisher, but their beau geste could
not prevent the inevitable.

16. Beau monde: High society

Example: Such elegant decor would impress even the beau monde.

17. Blond / blonde: Fair-haired; blond is for a man and blonde for a woman.

Example: I saw a blonde walking on the beach with a floral printed skirt.

18. Bon appétit: Good appetite; Enjoy your meal

Example: She invited us for a meal and said bon appétit when we began eating.

19. Bon mot: A witty remark or comment

Example: One bon mot after another flew out of his mouth, charming the audience.

20. Bon vivant: A person who lives luxuriously and enjoys good food and drink.

Example: It's true he's quite the bon vivant, but when he gets down to business he conducts himself like a Spartan.

21. Bon voyage: Have a good trip

Example: Women in India apply vermillion on their husband's foreheads as a custom to bid bon voyage when they
go on journeys.

22. Bonjour : Good Morning. (also used in the afternoon)

Example: Looking forward to speaking with you all soon, bonjour!

23. Brunette: Small, dark-haired female; The French word ‘brun’, dark-haired, is what English really means by
‘brunette’

Example: Ms Franklin, a stunning brunette, is serving four years for drugs offenses in a Texas jail.

24. Carte blanche: Unrestricted power to act on one's own.

Example: I may have carte blanche around the office, but at home I'm a slave to my family's demands.

25. Cause célèbre: A widely known controversial case or issue

Example: The Sacco and Vanzetti trial became an international cause célèbre during the 1920s.

26. Potpourri: Rotten pot; A scented mixture of dried flowers and spices; a miscellaneous group or collection

Example: She gifted me a potpourri made from the dozens of the roses.

27. Rendezvous': Go to; refers to a date or an appointment

Example: Sail away to a romantic rendezvous for two or windsurf atop the waves like dolphin at play.

English Words of French Origin

• Coiffure: A style of arranging the hair, a style of arranging or combing the hair.

• Demarche: a move, step, or maneuver, esp. in diplomatic affairs

M.8670420484 Page 2
French words
• Denouement: the final resolution of the intricacies of a plot, as of a drama or novel

• Eclat: brilliance of success, reputation, showy or elaborate display

• Elan: dash; impetuous ardor, a combination of style and vigor

• Entrepreneur: a person who organizes and manages any enterprise, especially a business, usually with
considerable initiative and risk.

• Impasse: a situation in which progress is blocked; an insurmountable difficulty; stalemate; deadlock

• Ingenue: the role of an artless, innocent, unworldly girl or young woman, esp. as represented on the stage.

• Malaise: a condition of general bodily weakness or discomfort, often marking the onset of a disease, a
feeling of unease or depression

• Melange: a mixture; confusion

• Repartee: a sharp, witty, or aphoristic remark made as a reply

• Sangfroid: coolness of mind; calmness; composure

• Tete-a-tete: a private conversation or interview, usually between two people, without the intrusion of a third
person; in intimate privacy.

• Tour de force: an exceptional achievement by an artist, author, or the like, a particularly adroit maneuver or
technique in handling a difficult situation

• Vignette: a decorative design or small illustration used on the title page of a book or at the beginning or end
of a chapter, a decorative design representing branches, leaves, grapes, or the like, as in a manuscript, an engraving,
drawing, photograph, or the like that is shaded off gradually at the edges so as to leave no definite line at the border.

M.8670420484 Page 3
French words
1. Cerise: Cherry; The French word for the fruit gives the word for the color

Example: The Cerise plant flowers from June to October.

2. C'est La Vie: That's life

Example: I wanted the other one, but that's how it is, C'est La Vie

3. Chaise Longue: Long Chair

Example: This Chaise longue was better than what I had purchased last year.

4. Charge d'affaires: Charged with business; A substitute or replacement diplomat

Example: The American charge d'affaires and consul-general sent a letter to the President.

5. Chef D'ouvre: Chief work; Masterpiece

Example: The painting of Monalisa is hailed as Chef D'ouvre by Leonardo Da Vinci.

6. Chic: Stylish

Example: Chic sounds more chic than stylish

7. Comme ci comme ça: So-so

Example: The plans for the party strike me as comme ci comme ca.

8. Coup de grace: Finishing blow

Example: After an already wildly successful day, the coup de grâce came when she won best all-around athlete.

9. Crème caramel: Caramel cream; custard lined with caramel

Example: I really relish the custard that is baked in a caramel-lined mold and served chilled with the caramel side
up.

10. Creme de la crème: Something superlative; Cream of the cream; refers to the best of the best.

Example: The crème de la crème of the world is invited to attend the Oscar Awards night.

11. Creme fraiche: Fresh Cream; Despite its meaning, crème fraîche is in fact slightly fermented, thickened
cream.

Example: You use creme fraiche instead of cheese to mix with mascarpone.

12. Crepe de Chine: Chinese crepe; soft fine or sheer clothing crepe especially of silk

Example: I saw a blue-eyed blonde in a lavender crepe de chine dress which highlighted her silhouette.

13. Crime passionnel: Passionate crime; Crime of passion

Example: His prison sentence will be reduced if his lawyer can convince the jury that the murder was a crime
passionnel.

14. Cuisine: Kitchen, Style, cuisine refers only to a particular type of food/cooking, such as French cuisine,
Southern cuisine, etc.

Example: The inn's focal point is the restaurant with French Cuisine.

M.8670420484 Page 4
French words
15. Cul-de-sac: Literally it means "bottom of a sack," but generally it refers to a dead-end street. Cul-de-sac
can also be used metaphorically to express an action that leads to nowhere or an impasse.

Example: We had less traffic living on the cul-de-sac, but had trouble getting in and out.

16. De rigueur: Strictly required, as by etiquette, usage, or fashion

Example: Loudly proclaiming one's support for radical causes had become de rigueur among her crowd.

17. Debutante: Beginner; débutante is the feminine form of débutant

Example: Nargis Fakhri is considered the most beautiful debutante of the current season.

18. Degustation: Tasting; The French word simply refers to the act of tasting, while in English "degustation" is
used for a tasting event or party, as in wine or cheese tasting.

Example: This menu degustation included four interesting and creative fish courses.

19. Déjà vu: The experience of perceiving a new situation as if it had occurred before.

Example: I'm sure I've been here before. Either that or I'm having a real sense of deja vu.

20. Du jour: Of the Day

Example: The soup du jour is cream of mushroom.

21. En Route: On the Way

Example: He had to come to pick me en route to the university.

22. En Suite: In Sequence, part of a set, together

Example: My husband would like a double room and I preferably with an en-suite bathroom.

23. Enfant terrible: An incorrigible child; an outrageously outspoken or bold person

Example: He played the role of enfant terrible, jolting us with his blunt assessment.

24. Entente cordiale: Cordial Agreement

Example: The Entente Cordiale regarding new finance policy between Prime Minister and parliament has been
sealed today.

25. Entre nous: Between ourselves; confidentially

Example: Entre nous, their marriage is on the rocks.

26. Sans Souci: Carefree

Example: After few glasses of liquor, their mood turned distinctly sans souci.

27. Savoir-Faire: The ability to say and do the correct thing

Example: She presided over the gathering with impressive savoir-faire.

M.8670420484 Page 5
French words
1. eau de Cologne: Water from Cologne

Example: After I got dressed up, he sprinkled me with eau de cologne.

2. eau de toilette: A Very weak Perfume

Example: He looked at the bottle of eau de toilette and said that he doesn't like it.

3. fait accompli: An accomplished fact, presumably irreversible

Example: There's no use protesting-it's a fait accompli

4. faux: false

Example: She was wearing a faux pearl necklace in the party.

5. faux pas: A social blunder

Example: Suddenly, she realized she had unwittingly committed yet another faux pas.

6. femme fatale: Deadly Woman; An alluring, mysterious woman who seduces men into compromising
situations

Example: She was such a femme fatale that every man she'd ever been with had ended up with a broken heart.

7. foie gras: Fat liver; The liver of a force-fed goose, considered a delicacy

Example: I ate the terrine of foie gras and despite a lot of people loving it, I didn’t like it.

8. gauche: Awkward; Tactless, lacking social grace

Example: Example of gauche is a guest at a fancy dinner party, who arrives wearing jeans and flip flops in yellow
colour.

9. genre: Type; Used mostly in art and film

Example: I really like the genre of the movie.

10. haute couture: High cuisine; High-class, fancy (and expensive) cooking or food

Example: Haute couture casts its spell in Paris Fashion Show.

11. joie de vivre: Joy of living; The quality in people who live life to the fullest

Example: Helping the elderly is a joie de vivre of mine.

12. laissez-faire: Let it be - A policy of non-interference.

Example: The laissez faire policies of Coolidge and the Republicans are often blamed for the Great Depression.

13. mardi gras: Fat Tuesday

Example: People came out of their houses to celebrate mardi gras carnival.

14. matinee: Morning

Example: I went to see the matinée show of the superhit movie with my friends.

15. mise en scene: The stage setting; surroundings

M.8670420484 Page 6
French words
Example: The mise en scene for the sci-fi movie was molded, futuristic furniture and blinding klieg lights.

16. mot juste: The exact, appropriate word

Example: 'Rats!' screamed the defiant three-year-old, immensely proud of his mot juste.

17. nom de plume: Pen name

Example: Deciding it was time to sit down and begin a novel, the would-be writer spent the first several hours
deciding upon a suitable nom de plume.

18. nouvelle cuisine: New Cuisine; Cooking style developed in the 1960's and 70's that emphasized lightness
and freshness

Example: This Michelin star holder restaurant has a glass floor and gourmet nouvelle cuisine.

19. oh la la: Oh dear

Example: Oh là là is usually misspelled and mispronounced "ooh la la" in English.

20. oui / non: Yes/ No

Example: Tell me if it's a qui or non from your side on this deal by noon.

21. papier mache: Mashed paper; Used for Art

Example: The artists in Kerala make beautiful handicraft with papier mâché.

22. par excellence: The best of the best

Example: His demeanor to impress people is par excellence.

23. passé: Old-fashioned, out-of-date, past its prime

Example: The hair falling on forehead is passé. It’s no more a fashion statement.

24. petit: Small; (law) lesser, minor

Example: The petit kid was bubbling with joy on seeing the balloons.

25. petite: Small, short

Example: The petite actress is a joy to watch on screen.

26. Tout le monde: Everybody; everyone of importance.

Example: Don't miss the event; it's bound to be attended by tout le monde.

27. Via: By way of

Example: Instead of taking the straight road, she decided to go via market so that she could pick groceries on the
way.

28. Vis-à-vis: "Face to face" (used as an adverb). It is used more widely as a preposition though, meaning
"compared with" or "in relation to."

Example: He offered a cigarette to his vis-à-vis.

M.8670420484 Page 7
German Words

1. Alzheimer's Disease: Brain disease named for the German neurologist Aloes Alzheimer
(1864-1915), who first identified it in 1906
Example: Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) were asked to respond to simple probes of
sentences where we manipulated grammatical factors, semantic factors, and cognitive resource
demands associated with a sentence.
2. Angst: Dread and anxiety
Example: Sylvia's teenage angst was nothing compared to the parental angst experienced by the
two individuals whose duty it was to raise her.
3. Apple strudel: A type of pastry made with thin layers of dough, rolled up with a fruit
filling
Example: In your free time try authentic apple strudel and Viennese coffee.
4. Aspirin: Acetylsalicylic acid (also called Aspirin) was invented by the German chemist
Felix Hoffmann working for Bayer AG in 1899.
Example: The cost of prescribing aspirin was lower till about a few years ago.
5. Coffee klatch (klatch): A casual social gathering for coffee and conversation.
Example: I thoroughly enjoyed our coffee klatch yesterday, the highlight of which was the
discussion on global warming.
6. Diesel: The diesel engine is named for its German inventor, Rudolf Diesel
Example: My car runs on diesel unlike his which runs on petrol.
7. Doberman: Dog breed named for the German Friedrich Louis Doberman
Example: I have 4 pugs, an English bulldog and a very naughty Doberman.
8. Doppelganger: A ghostly double, look-alike, or clone of a person
Example: He saw his own doppelganger walking down the street, and ran home in terror.
9. Doppler effect: Apparent change in the frequency of light or sound waves, caused by
rapid movement; named for the Austrian physicist C.J. Doppler who discovered the effect
Example: The use of the Doppler effect for light in astronomy depends on our knowledge that
the spectra of stars are not continuous.
10. Fahrenheit: The Fahrenheit temperature scale is named for its German inventor, Daniel
Gabriel Fahrenheit, who invented the alcohol thermometer
Example: Fahrenheit 451 is the temperature at which book paper burns.
11. Feinschmecker: Gourmet

M.8670420484 Page 1
German Words

Example: No, I don't think McDonald's will do; he's much too much of a Feinschmecker.
12. Frankfurter: Hot dog, originally a type of German sausage (Wurst) from Frankfurt
Example: She makes such delicious Frankfurters that her kids want them at least once a week.
13. Kindergarten: A school or class for young children between the ages of four and six
years.
Example: She wanted to send her children to the best kindergarden in town.
14. Schadenfreude: Pleasure at someone else's misfortunes
Example: Schadenfreude suffused the classroom after the insufferably supercilious class pet was
caught cheating by the teacher.
15. Verboten: Forbidden, as by law; prohibited
Example: That topic, I am afraid, is verboten in this household.
16. Wanderjahr: A year or period of travel, especially following one's schooling.
Example: The trio took off on their Wanderjahr, intent on visiting every museum between
Edinburgh and Rome.
17. Weltschmerz: Sorrow over the evils of the world.
Example: His poetry expressed a certain Weltschmerz, or world-weariness.
18. Zeitgeist: The thought or sensibility characteristic of a particular period of time.
Example: She blamed it on the Zeitgeist, which encouraged hedonistic excess.

M.8670420484 Page 2
Greek Words

1. Acme: The highest point of a structure

Example: One could say that Rome reached the acme of its power on 117 AD, under the rule of
Trajan.
2. Amnesia: Oblivion
Example: The woman who had been in an accident was suffering from amnesia and because of
this she didn't recognize her family.
3. Amphibious/amphibians: Living a double life
Example: His talk will be on four wild animals, including an amphibian, reptile, bird and
mammal.
4. Anachronism: Wrong time reference
Example: The intentional use of older, often obsolete cultural artifacts may be regarded as
anachronistic.
5. Anagoge/anagogy: Spiritual uplift, reference to a principle
Example: Anagoge is currently in the bottom 30% of lookups on [Link].
6. Anagram: Transpose the letters of one word so as to form another
Example: Any word or phrase that exactly reproduces the letters in another order is an anagram.
7. Analogy: Proportion
Example: It is argued that every analogy is partially superfluous and can be rendered as a
deduction.
8. Analyse/Analysis: Loosen, simplify
Example: Sentence analysis is not always easy but it is an essential tool in English Grammar.
9. Anamnesis: Recollection, reminiscence
Example: Anamnesis is often used as a narrative technique in fiction and poetry as well as in
memoirs and autobiographies.
10. Anecdote: Unpublished
Example: The writer makes his living by anecdotes. He searches them out and carves them as the
raw materials of his profession.
11. Anemia: refers to a condition characterized by a qualitative or quantitative deficiency of
the red blood cells (or of the hemoglobin).
Example: Never feed an onion to your pet, as large amounts can destroy your pet's red blood
cells causing anemia.

M.8670420484 Page 1
Greek Words

12. Anesthe-: Lack of sensation, insensibility under surgical treatment

Example: The doctors had to give local anesthesia to the patient to be able to remove his tooth.
13. Anorexia: Lack of appetite
Example: The most commonly affected by anorexia are young women in education aged
between 15-25.
14. Antagonize: Struggle against, prove a match for
Example: Mix a little sincerity and gumption in your hard-line approach, and perhaps you'll get
somewhere and not antagonize others.
15. Arthritis: Inflammation of Joint
Example: The old lady looks crippled by arthritis.
16. Asulon (Asylum in English): Sanctuary
Example: She ended up in a lunatic asylum shortly afterward a terrible road accident.

M.8670420484 Page 2
Greek Words

1. Dogma: The established belief or set of principles held by a religion, ideology or by any
organization.
Example: The church played down the stranger aspects of its dogma, including life on other
planets.
2. Ethos: "Accustomed place." It refers to a disposition or characteristics peculiar to a
specific person, culture or movement
Example: We note that these days a great deal of advertising uses ethos extensively through
celebrity endorsements.
3. Eureka: Used to celebrate a discovery, and it can be translated to "I have found!"
Example: Archimedes exclaimed Eureka! when he discovered a method of detecting the amount
of alloy mixed with the gold in the crown of the king of Syracuse.
4. Genesis: Birth or origin. Genesis is also the name of the first book of the Bible.
Example: Modern religions offer their own versions of genesis.
5. Halos (Halo in English): Round shape, the disk of the sun, circular arcade at Delphi
Example: The picture of Jesus had a halo around the head.
6. Harmonia: Agreement, harmony
Example: A piece of music does not have to have perfect harmonia to be a powerful piece.
7. Hoi polloi: The common people
Example: Marie Antoinette recommended distributing the cake to the hoi polloi.
8. Hygiene: Soundness, health
Example: It is in your best interest to maintain a good personal hygiene.
9. Hypnos: Sleep
Example: Much of this psychiatrist's work used hypnosis to uncover the unconscious mind.
10. Kudos: Fame or glory, usually resulting from an important act or achievement.
Example: They deserve the kudos because they could be deemed responsible for the marked
improvement in their work.
11. Phobia: Many people wrongly think that a phobia is a fear. In reality it is more than that.
Phobia is an irrational and exaggerated fear of something.
Example: He has a phobia of crowded places, so he avoids going out to the market.
12. Photon: Plant

M.8670420484 Page 3
Greek Words

Example: The garden show had photon species from around the world.
13. Plethora: When one goes beyond what is needed or appropriate. It represents an excess or
undesired abundance.
Example: He has a plethora of knowledge when it comes to human psychology.
14. Psalm: To play, twang
Example: He makes people rise at five in the morning to sing psalms.
15. Pseudo: False, a falsity
Example: Pseudo names are used in some call centers to maintain privacy of the employees.

M.8670420484 Page 4
Latin words

1. (sic): You write (sic) in brackets after a word or expression when you are quoting
something that someone else has said or written.
Example: She said that she liked very much London (sic) and wanted to stay here for a long
time.
2. A priori: Based on theory rather than observation
Example: The fact that their house is in such disrepair suggests a priori that they are having
financial difficulties.
3. Ad absurdum: To the point of absurdity
Example: He tediously repeated his argument ad absurdum.
4. Ad hoc: As an adjective, it means "formed or created with a specific purpose," and as an
adverb, it means "for the specific purpose or situation."
Examples: i) The World Bank's board on Friday ordered an ad hoc group to discuss the matter.
ii) The ad hoc committee disbanded after making its final report.
5. Ad infinitum: To infinity
Example: The lecture seemed to drone on ad infinitum.
6. Ad Nauseam: If something that happens over and over again so that people get
completely bored
Example: He talked ad nauseam about his achievements and how successful he is. It was boring!
7. Addendum: An item to be added, especially a supplement to a book. The plural is
addenda.
Example: I will sign the contract once an addendum is included to require the lessor to repaint
the apartment within 60 days.
8. Alma Mater: One's old school
Example: Central High School is my alma mater.
9. Alter ego: Other (alternative) self
Example: A person with an alter ego is said to lead a double life
10. Annus mirabilis: Wonderful year
Example: Last year was the annus mirabilis for my company.
11. Aqua: Water
Example: Aqua aerobics is a water workout that improves fitness whilst protecting the joints.

M.8670420484 Page 1
Latin words

12. Bona fide: In good faith; genuine

Example: For all her reticence and modesty, it was clear that she was a bona fide expert in her
field.
13. Carpe diem: Seize the day
Example: So what if you have an 8:00 a.m. meeting tomorrow and various appointments? Carpe
diem!
14. Casus belli: An act justifying war
Example: The general felt that the banana republic's insolent remarks about our national honor
were enough of a casus belli to launch an attack.

15. Caveat emptor: Let the buyer beware

Example: Before you leap at that real estate deal, caveat emptor!
16. Census: Count of citizens
Example: Census of the population is being taken for the purpose of assessing revenue.
17. Collum: Collar
Example: The figure is wearing a heavy collum around the front of the neck, with a wide pendant
in the center.
18. Cras: Tomorrow
Example: As an optimist, he believes the show will start again cras even after several failures.
19. De Facto: "Actual" (if used as an adjective) or "in practice" (if used as an adverb).
In legal terms, de facto is commonly used in contrast to de jure, which means "by law."
Something, therefore, can emerge either de facto (by practice) or de jure (by law).
Examples: i) Mama was in bed all day every day, suffering from depression; my sister was my
de facto mother.
ii) Although his title was prime minister, he was de facto president of the country.
iii) In this prominent position, she's making her own de facto debut as a writer with a message
for the general public.
20. Dei Gratia: By the grace of God
Example: De Gratia, he survived a very bad road accident last week and is safe and healthy now.
21. Deus ex machine: A contrived device to resolve a situation

M.8670420484 Page 2
Latin words

Example: Stretching plausibility, the movie concluded with a deus ex machina ending in which
everyone was rescued at the last minute.
22. E.g. (exempli gratia): For Example
Example: I buy many things in this shop e.g. video game player
23. Erratum: Error; mistake
Example: Lists of errors from a previous publication are often marked "errata" (the plural,
meaning errors).
24. Et cetera: And the rest
Example: We urgently need to buy medical equipment, drugs et cetera.
25. Ex cathedra: With authority; used especially of those pronouncements of the pope that
are considered infallible.
Example: I resigned myself to obeying; my father's opinions were ex cathedra in our household.

M.8670420484 Page 3
Latin words

1. Ex gratia: From kindness or grace (without recognizing any liability or legal obligation)
Example: They received an undisclosed ex gratia payment.
2. Ex post facto: Retroactively
Example: I certainly hope that the change in policy will be honored ex post facto.
3. Excusez-moi ..: Excuse me...! (to ask for something)
Example: Excusez-moi. Could you please tell me where the library is?
4. Flagrante delicto: In the act
Example: The detective realized that without hard evidence he had no case; he would have to
catch the culprit flagrante delicto.
5. Habeas corpus: You must have the body (in court); a court order instructing that a person
under arrest be brought before a judge
Example: The right of habeas corpus has long been regarded as an important safeguard of
individual liberty.
6. i.e. (id est): That is
Example: When you use i.e. in a sentence to signify "that is," you do follow it with a comma.
7. In loco parentis: In the place of a parent
Example: The court appointed a guardian for the children, to serve in loco parentis.
8. In medias res: In the middle of a sequence of occurences
Example: The film begins in medias res, with a panting, terrified man running through the night.
9. In Situ: Situated in the original or natural position
Example: I prefer seeing statues in situ rather than in the confines of a museum.
10. In vino veritas: In wine there is truth
Example: By the end of the party, several of the guests had made a good deal of their private
lives public, prompting the host to murmur to his wife, 'in vino veritas.
11. Inter: Among, Between
Example: Inter is a Latin neuter plural, so it can only mean among other things, not people.
12. Interim: Meanwhile, interval
Example: The interim mayor did a good job while he was in office.
13. Intra: Within

M.8670420484 Page 4
Latin words

Example: English play important roles in more use of intra-sentence conjunctions in legal
translation.
14. Ipso Facto: By the fact itself
Example: An extremist, ipso facto, cannot become part of a coalition.
15. Magnum opus: A great work
Example: And from him we have immense amounts to learn, as Simon Schama's recent magnum
opus vividly demonstrates.
16. Magnus: Big, Great, magnitude
Example: In Latin, Magnus is masculine, magna is feminine and magnum is neutral.
17. Mater: Mother
Example: She has a loving and much loved mater, grandma and great grandma.
18. Memento Mori: A reminder that you must die
Example: The skull rested on the mantlepiece as a memento mori.
19. Modus operandi: Mode of operating
Example: The serial killer's modus operandi is to stab the victim and let them bleed to death.
20. Ne Plus Ultra: The most intense degree of a quality or state
Example: Pulling it from the box, he realized he was face to face with the ne plus ultra of
computers.
21. Opus Dei: The work of God
Example: The opus Dei prelature is governed world-wide by a prelate in Rome.
22. Per: According to; in accordance with
Example: If something happens as per normal, it means that it happens in the normal way.
23. Per capita: For each person
Example: The country's annual income is Rs. 5000 per capita.
24. Per se: By itself or intrinsically
Example: This candidate is not a pacifist per se, but he is in favor of peaceful solutions when
practicable.

M.8670420484 Page 5
Latin words

1. Persona Non Grata: Unacceptable or unwelcome person

Example:Once I was cut out of the will, I became persona non grata among my relatives.
2. Post partum: After childbirth
Example: She was unconscious for an hour Post partum.
3. Post-mortem: Examination of a body after death; autopsy
Example: The post-mortem revealed that she had been murdered.
4. Prima Facie: At first sight, clear and evident
Example: Although her husband implored, 'I can explain!' the sight of another woman wrapped
in his arms was prima facie evidence that he was a deceitful lout.
5. Prior: First, Primary, Priority
Example: Please make sure that you save all the information prior to closing the file.
6. Pro and con: For and against
Example: Evaluate all the pros and cons that you may have in future if you take this step.
7. Pro Bono: Done or donated without charge; free
Example: The lawyer's pro bono work gave him a sense of value that his work on behalf of the
corporation could not.
8. Pro rata: Proportional; proportionally
Example: The car rental charge is $50 per day and then pro rata for part of a day.
9. Quid Pro Quo: Something for something; an equal exchange
Example: She vowed that when she had the means, she would return his favors quid pro quo.
10. R.I.P. (Requiescat in pace): Rest in Peace
Example: The Mughal kings made big tombs to Requiescat in pace.
11. Sine qua non: Indispensable element or condition
Example: Lemon is the sine qua non of this recipe.
12. Sponsor: One who accepts responsibility for another
Example: She was looking for a sponsor for her charitable organisation.
13. Status quo: The existing state or condition
Example: People with money are often content with their status quo.

M.8670420484 Page 6
Latin words

14. Sui Generis: Unique

Example: Adjusting her pirate's hat and fringed hula skirt, Zelda sashayed into the party,
knowing her fashion statement was sui generis.
15. Terminus: Boundary, Terminal, Interminable
Example: The bus line's last stop is its terminus.
16. Terra firma: Solid Ground
Example: Columbus and his men set foot on terra firma after three weeks at sea.
17. Terra incognita: Unknown territory
Example: When the conversation suddenly switched from contemporary fiction to medieval
Albanian playwrights, he felt himself entering terra incognita.
18. Trans: Across
Example: He came back, wondering, trans the rough stones until he stood beside the tall figure
19. Ultra: Beyond
Example: Members of the country club think they lead an ultra-prestigious lifestyle.
20. Veni, Vidi, Vici. : I came, I saw, I conquered
Example: After the takeover the business mogul gloated, 'veni, vidi, vici
21. Verbatim: In exactly the same words
Example: I had to memorize the text verbatim.
22. Versus; vs.; v: Against
Example: What are the benefits of organic versus inorganic foods?
23. Vice versa: The other way around
Example: My telephone serves me, and not vice versa.
24. Vox populi: The voice of the people
Example: My sentiments echo those of the vox populi.

M.8670420484 Page 7
Miscellaneous Error Correction

1. You must either (1)/ be regular with your studies (2)/ and study for
longer period before the examination. (3)/ No error (4)
2. The new taxation rates (1)/ announced by the government (2)/ are
bound to effect the export sector. (3)/ No error (4)
3. These days, job opportunities are not as better (1)/ as they used to
be (2)/ in the early 70's. (3)/ No error (4)
4. When viewed with his point of view, the (1) / entire episode assumes
(2)/ a different colour altogether. (3)/ No error (4)
5. On many occasions (1)/ we did helped the poor (2)/ people by way
of giving them food to eat and clothes to put on. (3)/ No error (4)
6. Unless it is accepted to both the parties, an (1)/ arbitrator
would be of no (2)/ use to settle this dispute. (3)/ No error (4)
7. Although the manager was keen on getting the work (1)/
done through Sudhir yesterday, (2)/ he tries to avoid it (3)/ No
error (4)
8. The various consequences of(1)/ the decision taken by the (2)/
finance ministry was not foreseen by the bureaucrats. (3)/ No error (4)
9. I never considered him to be a person who would (1)/ go back
on his promise and (2)/ then do not even apologise. (3)/ No error (4)
10. Having finished at school (1)/ Raghu thought/ of going
to Bombay in (2)/ search some job. (3)/ No error (4)
11. When shall we (1)/ arrive (2)/ to our destination ? (3)/ No error. (4)
12. Based on the newspaper reports, (1)/ we can conclude that
(2)/ many accidents caused by reckless driving. (3)/ No error. (4)
13. Females (1)/ are not appointed (2)/ in our college. (3)/ No error. (4)
14. The officer (1)/ is angry on the clerk (2)/ for not attending to the

M.8670420484 Page 1
Miscellaneous Error Correction
work. (3)/ No error. (4)
15. No sooner (1)/ I had spoken, (2) than he left. (3)/ No error. (4)
16. Computer education (1)/ in universities and colleges (2)
leaves much to be desired. (3)/ No error. (4)
17. You will be prosecuted (1)/ for bringing seeds (2)/ into Australia. (3)/
No error. (4)
18. You must either tell me (1)/ the whole story or, at least (2)/
the first half of it. (3)/ No error. (4)
19. Our new neighbours (1)/ had been living in Arizona (2)/
since ten years before moving to their present house. (3)/ No
error. (4)
20. The patient (1)/ was accompanied (2)/ with his friend. (3)/ No error. (4)
21. A city dweller finds it difficult (1)/ to pass away the time (2)/ in a
village. (3)/ No error. (4)

22. Visitors (1)/ were not permitted (2)/ entering the park (3)/
after dark. No error (4)
23. The fifth and final act (1)/ of Macbeth contain (2)/ the
sleepwalking scene. (3)/ No error. (4)
24. One of the terrorists (1)/ of the Kashmir valley (2)/ are shot dead.
(3)/ No error (4)
25. Ten kilometres (1)/ is (2)/ a long distance to walk. (3)/ No error (4)
26. I saw him (1)/a couple of times (2)/ since May(3). /No error (4)
27. Tea (1)/which I am drinking (2)/ is hot (3). /No error (4)
28. Although the pol ice officer sympathised with poor (1)/ he
refused to (2) /take an action against the rich man (3). /No error
(4)

M.8670420484 Page 2
Miscellaneous Error Correction
29. We were looking forward (1)/ to hear news (2)/about the
missing fishermen (3)./ No error (4)
30. The actress (1)/was shocked (2)/by the news of her
dog’s death (3). /No error (4)
31. One of the questions (1)/ he asked me was (2)/ “Who did
you travel with (3) ?” /No error (4) )
32. I know (1)/a doctor (2)/you are referring to (3)./No error (4))
33. The introduction of job-oriented courses (1)/in the self-
financing colleges (2)/ attract many students
(3)./ No error (4)
34. It is better (1)/to keep one’s head in the face of danger
than (2)/losing one’s courage (3). /No error (4)
35. The short story (1)/should not exceed (2)/more than two
hundred words (3)./No error (4)
36. To die with honour (1)/is better than (2)/live with
dishonour.(3)/ No error. (4)
37. It is I (1)/who is to blame.(2)/for this bad situation(3)./ No error.(4)
38. Gowri told me(1)/his name after( 2)/he left. (3)/ No error. (4)
39. John would have told (1)/you the truth (2)/ if you had asked
him. (3)/ No error. (4)
40. My sister (1)/has read (2)/pages after pages of the Bible.
(3)/ No error. (4)
41. Your success in the IAS examinations depends not only on
(1)/ what papers you have selected (2)/but on how you have
written them. (3) No error. (4)

M.8670420484 Page 3
Miscellaneous Error Correction

42. Heavy rain (1)/prevented us (2)/ to go to the cinema. (3)/No

error. (4)
43. If majority of the individuals in a State (1)/prosper (2)/the
State itself would prosper. (3) /No error. (4)

44. If motorists do not observe the traffic regulations (1)/they

will be stopped, ticketed (2)/and have to pay a fine. (3)/ No
error. (4)
45. He asked (1)/supposing if he fails (2)/ what he would do.
(3)/ No error. (4)
46. We had a lot of difficulty(1)/to find (2)/the house. (3)/ No error.(4).
47. Patience as well as perseverance (1)/are necessary (2)/for
success. (3)/ No error/(4).
48. The passer-by told us (1)/where was the marriage hall
(2)/and even led us to it. (3)/ No error/(4).
49. The increase in consumption is directly (1)/proportional to
the increase (2)/in income. (3)/No error. (4).
50. In Singapore (1)/my brother-inlaw with his wife
(2)/were present at the function. (3)/No error. (4).
51. Scarcely had (1)/I arrived than (2)/the train left. (3)/No error. (4).
52. The reason why (1)/he was rejected (2)/was because he
was too young. (3)/No error. (4).
53. Teachers of various schools (1)/ met to discuss about (2)/how
to improve the standard of English. (3)/No error. (4).

M.8670420484 Page 4
Miscellaneous Error Correction
54. His tradition-bound attitude (1)/ had to be a constant source of
dissatisfaction (2)/among the younger members of the family. (3)/No
error. (4).

55. The two first to arrive (1)/were the lucky recipients (2)/of a surprise
gift. (3)/No error. (4)

56. Two hours have passed (1)/ since (2)/he had fallen asleep. (3)/No
error(4).
57. Having broken down (1)/the\ driver sent the car (2)/to the garage.
(3)/No error (4).
58. He is one of those writers (1)/ who has won acclaim (2)/the
world over.(3)/No error (4).
59. The mason will not (1)/do the work (2)/except give the order.
(3)/No error (4).
60. When students are ill (1)/they find that they have a lot of work
(2)/to catch up with when they return. (3)/No error (4).
61. Scarcely did I reach the airport, (1)/nervous and tense, than the
plane took off, (2)/leaving me stranded in an alien place. (3)/ No error
(4).
62. The power to (1)/distinguish between differences (2)/is the basis
of science and art. (3)/No merror (4).
63. I have (1)/seen her only once (2)/ but I’m liking her a lot. (3)/No error
(4).
64. I told him (1)/that we enjoyed very much (2)/at the party. (3)/
No error (4).

M.8670420484 Page 5
Miscellaneous Error Correction
1. John is working very hardly (1)/ as the examinations (2)/are fast
approaching. (3)/No error (4).
2. He ate (1)/ nothing (2)/ since yesterday (3)/. No error (4)
3. An experimental vaccine (1)/ has brought (2)/ glimmer of hope for
the malarial researchers (3)/. No merror (4)
4. After making me wait for two agonising hours (1)/ the great
man called me in (2)/ and asked me what do I want (3)/. No error (4)
5. The ebb and flow of the tides (1)/ are (2)/ now understood (3)/. No
error (4)
6. The green paint on the wall (1)/ provides a suitable contrast (2)/
with the yellow doors (3)/. No error (4)
7. Even today (1)/ it is incredulous to think (2)/ that men have
walked on the moon. /(3) No error. (4)
8. The firemen wore (1)/ inflammable clothing (2)/ for protection. /
(3) No error. (4)
9. Beside food, (1)/ the pilgrims carried (2)/ some medicines. /(3) No
error. (4)
10. Adults suffering chicken pox (1)/ can develop (2)/ all kinds
of complications (3) No error. (4)
11. The well-known pianist (1)/ had to practice for several hours a
day (2)/ even after he rose to fame. (3)/ No error. (4)
12. The Prime Minister was asked (1)/ to write a forward (2)/ to the
book. (3)/ No error. (4)
13. I must complement you (1)/ on your good manners (2)/ and
your impeccable behaviour. (3)/ No error. (4)
14. The sweets (1)/ were shared (2)/ between the four girls. /(3) No
error. (4)
M.8670420484 Page 6
Miscellaneous Error Correction
15. The long-distance train (1)/ which met with an accident (2)/
was carrying some army personal. / (3) No error. (4)
16. The young men from Japan (1)/ found the assent of the
mountain (2)/ hard going. (3)/ No error. (4)
17. If the worst (1)/comes to worst, ( 2)/I will have to bid good-bye to
my studies and join my family business. (3) /No error. (4)
18. The interim report does not (1)/ analyse thoroughly the
principle causes (2)/of the disaster (3) / No error (4).
19. The items I liked most (1)/were the rosewood carvings
(2)/and the teak-wood furnitures of Dutch design (3)/No error.
(4)
20. A part of the training (1)/they offered was (2)/real good
(3)/No error. (4)
21. The soil was moist as (1)/there was little rain (2)/the day before

(3)/No error. (4)

1. The manager wanted to know who had arrived (1)/early that

day (2)/the cashier or the accountant (3)/No error. (4)
2. They are a politically important family; (1)/one of his sisters is
a minister (2)/ and the other is married with a minister (3)/No
error. (4)
3. Supposing that the information (1)/proves to be totally reliable,
(2)/should we still have to recast the plans ? (3)/No error. (4)
4. Though its gloss can (1)/fool few unwary customers, (2)/it wouldn’t be
difficult for the clever ones to judge its real worth (3)/No error. (4)

M.8670420484 Page 7
Miscellaneous Error Correction
5. She pretends as if she has (1)/ never in her life, (2)/told a lie.
Isn’t it ? (3)/No error.(4)
6. Knowledge of (1)/ at least two languages (2)/ are required to
pass the examination (3)/. No error (4).
7. The members of the Opposition Party in the Parliament (1)/ shout
upon the minister (2)/ if he makes a wrong statement (3)/. No error
(4).
8. Everyone of the films (1)/ you suggested (2)/ are not worth seeing
(3)/. No error (4).
9. The Secretary and the Principal of the college (1)/ are attending
(2)/ the District Development Council Meeting at the Collectorate (3)/. No
error (4).
10. No sooner had the hockey match started (1)/ when it began
(2)/ to rain (3)/. No error (4).
11. The Secretariat (1)/ comprises of (2)/ many air-conditioned
rooms (3)/. No error (4).
12. It is high time (1)/ he stood on his own (2)/ two legs (3)/.
No error (4).
13. You should avoid (1)/ to travel (2)/ in the rush hour (3)/. No error (4).
14. There is (1)/ only one of his novels (2)/ that are interesting
(3)/. No error (4).
15. He denied (1)/ to have (2)/ been there (3)/. No error (4).

M.8670420484 Page 8
NOUN

➢ Noun is the naming word that we can touch or feel.

Noun

Concrete Abstract
Noun Noun

Proper Common Collective Material

Noun Noun Noun Noun

➢ PROPER NOUN 

1. We often called Kalidas the Shakespeare of India.

Rule-1: We use ‘the’ before the name of a proper noun when we

compare between two. ‘The’ is used before the person with whom
all qualify.

2. He thinks himself a Newton of his class.

Rule-2: When two people compare between themselves we have

to use ‘a’ instead of ‘the’ before the person with whom
one qualify.

3. He lives in the U.S.A.

Rule-3: we can use ‘the’ before the name of any place for three separate
reasons.

a. If the name the place is in abbreviation. e.g. - the U.S.A.,

the U.A.E., the U.S.S.R.
b. If the name of the place is in plural form. e.g. - the West-
Indies, the Netherlands.
c. If the name of place bears any special significance. e.g. -
the Punjab, the Deccan etc.

M.8670420484 Page 1
NOUN

➢ COMMON NOUN 

1. Cow eats grass.

➢ Cows eat grass.✓

2. The cows eat grass.

➢ The cow eats grass.✓

3. The students of this class is very obedient.✓

Rule-1: Normally common noun takes ‘the’ article before it. But the
noun is used in singular form to denote the nation. We can use
common noun in plural without ‘the’ before it.

We can also use a common noun in plural form with ‘the’

before it if we specify the noun for a particular place or
somehow.

some time abstract noun become a common noun.

➢ He is known for his honesty. [abstract]

➢ The honesty of the boy made him famous. [common]

➢ COLLECTIVE NOUN  Collective noun is the collection

of person or things taking together and spoken of as one whole.

1. The jury has divided on the issue of penalty.

➢ The jury have divided on the issue of penalty.✓

2. The jury have unanimously taken the decision not to spare the criminal.


➢ The jury has unanimously taken the decision not to spare the criminal. ✓

M.8670420484 Page 2
NOUN

Rule-1: Collective noun when use together takes verb in singular but
when it divides it takes verb in plural.

3. The flocks of birds are flying together in the sky.

➢ A flock of birds is flying together in the sky.✓

Rule-2:

i. We have to use article ‘a’ or ‘an’ before a collective noun.

ii. Collective noun must be used in a singular form.
iii. The noun for which collective noun is used, must be in plural form.
iv. The verb after collective noun must be in singular.

➢ MATERIAL NOUN  By which a thing is made of.

Metal - gold, silver.

Liquid - water, milk.

Food item - bread,

butter.
1. The gold of South Africa is exported to many countries.✓
Gas - CO2 ,O2.
Rule-1: Normally we do not use any article before material noun. But if
the material noun is specified for a particular place or country,
we can use ‘the’ before it.

2. The house is made of bricks and stones.

Rule-2: Material noun is always ‘uncountable’. So never used in

plural form.

3. He is put in Irons.✓ [Here Irons means prison, used as Common Noun]

M.8670420484 Page 3
NOUN

➢ ABSTRACT NOUN  The noun that cannot be touched or seen.

We can only feel it. [Quality, honesty, goodness, brightness, bravery]

*Shape less - touch, See , Feel ✓

* Quality - Bravery

*Action - Laughter

*State - Child-hood

❖ Compound Noun
Two separate noun join together to form a new one is called compound

noun. Ex - He has invited all his son-in-laws to the party. 

➢ He has invited all his sons-in-law to the party. ✓

SINGULAR PLURAL
Commander-in-chief Commanders-in-chief

Table - fan Table - fans

Passer - by Passers - by

Wrist - watch Wrist - watches

Man-doctor Men-doctors

Woman-conductor Women-conductors

Black-board Black-boards

M.8670420484 Page 4
NOUN

Lord-justice Lords-justices

Rule-1: If any compound noun join by a preposition or followed

by a preposition then we add plural to the first noun.

Rule-2: If any compound noun does not join by a preposition or

followed by a preposition then we add plural to the second
noun.

Rule-3: If any compound noun starts with ‘man’ or ‘woman’ then we

add plural to the both nouns.

Rule-4: Lord stands for masculine gender and Lady is the feminine one.
So we use plural in both cases.

❖ SOME FACTS ABOUT NOUN

 Some words are there that generally use in plural form take
plural verb with them. These words are -

Riches, valuables, alms, wages, trousers, goods, fetters, tidings, eatables,

bowels, scissors, drawers, pants, pantaloons, stacks, spectacles.

Ex - My spectacles has been broken by my brother. 

➢ My spectacles have been broken by my brother. ✓

 Some words are there that look like plural but use in
singular and take singular verb with them. These words are - -

M.8670420484 Page 5
NOUN

Mathematics, Physics, Gallows, Economics, News, Summons, Politics,

Innings, Gymnastics.

 Some words are there that look like singular but use in
plural and take plural verb with them. These words are -
Gentry, Clergy, Poultry, People, Cattle, Army, Police, Folk, Flock,
Public, Mankind

 Some words are there that always use in singular and take
singular verb with them. These words are -
Poetry, Cavalry, Luggage, Offspring, Hair, Alphabet, Mischief,
Advice, Information, Scenery, Infantry, Machinery, Furniture.

M.8670420484 Page 6
ONE WORD SUBSTITUTION

MARRIAGE 

1. Marriage with wife’s sister - Sororate

2. One who has only one wife / husband at a time - Monogamist
3. One who has two wife / husband at a time - Bigamist
4. Man who has more than one wife at a time - Polygamist
5. Woman who has more than one husband at a time - Poliendist
6. A hater of marriage - Misogamist
7. A hater of woman - Misogynist
8. The custom of having more than one husband - Polyandry
9. The custom of having more than one wife - Polygene
10. One who does not marry for religious purpose - Celibate
[Link] given by husband to his wife after separation - Alimony
12.A man whose wife is dead - Widower
13.A man engaged to be married - Fiancé
14.A woman engaged to be married - Fiancée
[Link] of intended marriage - Banns
[Link] run away with a lover in order to get marry – Elope
17.A girl aged for marriage – Nubile

MEDICAL TERM 

1. A disease affecting many person at the same time and place - Epidemic
2. A disease widely epidemic - Pandemic
3. A disease confined to a particular district or place - Endemic
4. A medicine which alleviates pain - Anodyne
5. A medicine for producing sleep - Narcotic/Opiate
6. A cure of all disease - Panacea
7. To cut off a part of a person’s body which is infected - Amputee
8. A disease where want/shortage of blood - Anemia
9. Affecting the lungs – Pulmonary
[Link] science of disease of the human body - Pathology

M.8670420484 Page 1
ONE WORD SUBSTITUTION

MILITARY TERM 
1. Nations carrying on warfare - Belligerent
2. The act or practice of spying - Espionage
3. An order prohibiting ships to leave the ports - Embargo
4. A knife fixed on the end of a gun – Bayonet
5. A promise given by a prisoner not to escape- Parole
6. A shower of bullets - Volley
7. An agreement to stop fighting - Armistice
8. A general pardon of offenders - Amnesty
9. A person who is forced by law to become a soldier – Conscript

GOVERNMENT 
1. Government by people - Mobocracy/Ocholocracy
2. Government by small group of people - Oligarchy
3. Government by Elected Representative - Democracy
4. Government by Rich and Powerful class - Plutocracy
5. Government by Elite people - Aristocracy
6. Government by worst people - Kakistocracy
7. Government by women - Gynocracy
8. Government by old people - Gerontocracy
9. Government by Religion -
Theocracy [Link] by
Priest/Ecclesiastics - Hierarchy
[Link] by Paid officials -
Bureaucracy [Link] by a
person - Autocracy [Link] by
hardship - Dictatorship
[Link] by king - Monarchy
[Link] by worker class -
Ergatocracy
[Link] by two independent authority - Diarchy

M.8670420484 Page 2
ONE WORD SUBSTITUTION

17.A complete absence of Government – Anarchy

radical change in the Government -

REVOLUTION MANIA 
1. Mania for numbers - Arithomania
2. Mania for collecting books - Bibliomania
3. Mania for stealing something - Kleptomania
4. Mania for alcohol - Dipsomania
5. Mania for taking excessive food - Opsomania
6. Mania for lying - Mythomania
7. Mania for thinking oneself all powerful - Megalomania
8. Mania for absurd thinking on a matter - Monomania
9. Mania for fire raising – Pyromania
[Link] for foreign living – Xenomania

PHOBIA 

1. Phobia for mirror – Esoptrophobia

2. Phobia for wide open space - Agoraphobia
3. Phobia for insect - Entomophobia
4. Phobia for flying - Aerophobia
5. Phobia for narrow space - Claustrophobia
6. Phobia for number 13 - Triskaidekaphobia
7. Phobia for new things - Neophobia
8. Phobia for animals –Zoophobia
9. Phobia for poison – Toxiphobia
[Link] for sleep – Hypnophobia
[Link] for dead body – Necrophobia
[Link] for height - Acrophobia/Aurophobia
[Link] for crowd –Demophobia
[Link] for woman – Gynaeophobia
[Link] for man –Androphobia
[Link] for darkness – Nictophobia

M.8670420484 Page 3
ONE WORD SUBSTITUTION

[Link] for fire – Pyrophobia

[Link] for lighting and thunder - Astraphobia
[Link] for blood – Haematophobia

LITERARY TERMS 
1. A book contains information on all branches of knowledge -
Encyclopedia
2. A list of books in a library - Catalogue/ Bibliography.
3. One who pretends to have a great deal of knowledge - Wiseacre
4. One who has great deal of knowledge and shows - Pedant
5. One who has a great deal of practical knowledge and does not show it -
Pragmatic
6. A brief summary of a book - Epitome
7. A list of things discussed in a meeting - Agenda/ agendum
8. Language which is confused and illegible - Jargon
9. A declaration of plans and promise by a political party – Manifesto
[Link] exact copy of handwriting or picture – Facsimile
[Link] a speech without preparation – Extempore
[Link] do a work without preparation - Impromptu
13. A short speech at the beginning of a play – Prologue
14. A short speech at the ending of a play - Epilogue
15. Passing of another author’s work as his own –Plagiarism
16. A writing or speech in praise of a person – Eulogy
17. A mournful song or poem for the dead - Dirge
18. A poem of lamentation specially for the dead – Elegy
19. Speaking to oneself – Soliloquy
20. A succession of the same initial letter in a passage or in a sentence -
Alliteration
21. The concluding part of a speech - Peroration
22. To make expressive gestures or motions in speaking - Gesticulation
23. Language that is very much used – Hackneyed
24. Language that is no longer in used –Archaic
25. To pronounce words distinctly - Enunciate

M.8670420484 Page 4
ONE WORD SUBSTITUTION

PERSONS WITH THEIR WORK 

1. Person who buys and sells things for others - Broker
2. Person in charge of horses -Groom
3. One skilled in the care of hands and feet - Chiropodist
4. One who curves in stones - Sculpture
5. One who cuts precious stones -Lapidist
6. One who deals in flowers -Florist
7. One who deals in fruits - Fruitier
8. One who deals in cattle - Drover
9. One who deals in fish - Fishmonger
[Link] who deals in wine – Venter
[Link] who works in leap/mending pipes – Plumber
[Link] who makes and sells ladies hat – Milliner
[Link] who deals in clothes and other fabrics – Draper
[Link] who looks after horses at inn - Osler/ Hostler
[Link] who rocks and soils – Geologist
16. One who studies past throughout objects left behind - Archeologist
17. One who studies the stars - Astronomer
18. One who foretells things by the star - Astrologer
19. One who cleans the street - Scavenger
20. One who takes care of a building - Janitor
21. One who makes and sells cushions, covers, chairs, seats - Upholsterer
22. One who lends money at high interest - Usurer
23. One who draws maps – Cartographer
24. One who collect postal stamps – Philatelist

NATURE STUDY 
1. A preparation for killing insects - Insecticide
2. A plant or animal growing on another - Parasite
3. Trees which lose their leaves annually - Deciduous
4. Rock from which metal is extracted – Ore
5. Track of a wild animal – Spur
6. Inside of a nut - Kernel
M.8670420484 Page 5
ONE WORD SUBSTITUTION

7. The plants and vegetation of a certain region - Flora

8. The animals of a certain region - Fauna
9. The dead skin cast off by a snake – Slough

NEGATIVE 

1. That which cannot be conquered - Invincible

2. That which cannot be wounded/injured - Invulnerable
3. That which cannot be repaired/remediable - Disrepair
4. That which cannot be imitable - Inimitable
5. That which cannot be rubbed out - Ineffaceable
6. Incapable of making errors - Infallible
7. Incapable of redeemed/ correction - Incorrigible
8. Not to the point – Irrelevant
9. That which cannot be seen – Invisible

DEATH 
1. The dead body of a human being - Corpse
2. The dead body of an animal - Carcass
3. Killing one’s king - Regicide
4. Killing one’s parents - Parricide Cide - Latin word means murder
5. Killing one’s father - Patricide
6. Killing one’s mother - Matricide
7. Killing one’s brother - Fratricide
8. Killing one’s sister - Sororicide
9. Killing one’s wife - Uxoricide
[Link] one’s husband - Mariticide
[Link] one’s infant - Infanticide/ Filicide
[Link] one’s infant within 24 hours of its birth - Neonaticide
[Link] one’s embryo - Feticide
[Link] human being - Homicide
[Link] a race/ mass of people - Genocide/ Carnage / Massacre

M.8670420484 Page 6
ONE WORD SUBSTITUTION

16. Killing insects - Insecticide

[Link] pests - Pesticide
[Link] who kills animal - Slaughter / Butcher
19.A vehicle for carrying dead bodies – Hearse
20.A place where dead bodies are kept – Morgue
21.A place where dead bodies are dissected – Mortuary
22.A copper container to carry ash – Urn
[Link] stand to carry dead bodies - Bier
24.A bunch/ pile of wood for burning dead bodies - Pyre
25. Die without making will - Intestate
[Link] process of preserving dead bodies from decay - Emblem
27.A place where dead bodies are burnt - Crematorium

28.A place where dead bodies are buried - Graveyard / Burial ground

[Link] rituals observed after dead - Funeral

30.A procession with dead body - Condolence

31.A printed notice on death – Obituary

willing, painless and easy death –

EUTHANASIA ARTS & SCIENCE 

1. The study of all heavenly bodies - Astronomy
2. The study of ancient building / pre-historic items - Archeology
3. The art of beautiful handwriting - Calligraphy
4. The art of making maps and charts - Cartography
5. Study of coins - Numismatics
6. The science of colours - Chromatists
7. The science deals with variety of human race - Ethnology
8. The science deals with the working of human body – Physiology
9. The study of rocks and soil – Geology
[Link] study of birds – Ornithology
[Link] study of eggs- Oology

M.8670420484 Page 7
ONE WORD SUBSTITUTION

12. The study of mountains - Orology

[Link] study of languages – Philology
14. The study of the origin and the history of words – Etymology

OPPOSITES 
1. Writing that is easy to read - Legible
2. Writing that is difficult to decipher - Illegible
3. Loud enough to be heard - Audible
4. Not distinct enough to be heard - Inaudible
5. To move from one country to another - Migrate
6. One who leaves his country to another - Emigrant
7. One comes to a foreign country to settle - Immigrant
8. To banish from one country - Expatriate
9. One to whom goods are dispatched – Consignee

MISCELLANEOUS 
1. A number of fish taken in a net - Catch/Haul
2. A number of horses - Drove
3. A number of peacock -Muster
4. A collection of fouls/ ducks - Poultry
5. A collection of wild animals - Menagerie/Zoo
6. A number of people at a church - Congregation
7. A number of singers in a church - Choir
8. A number of Bishop/Judges - Bench
9. A collection of dried plants - Herbarium
10.A number of nuts/ grapes on a branch - Cluster
11.A number of rays - Pencil

12.A set of furniture room - Suit

13.A kitchen of a ship - Galley
14. An underground place for storing wine or other provision - Cellar
15. Fear of crowd - Ochlophobia
16. Fear of riding a car - Amaxophobia

M.8670420484 Page 8
ONE WORD SUBSTITUTION

17. One who fights for the sake of money – Mercenary

18. One who loves mankind – Philanthropist
19. One who hates mankind – Misanthropist
20. One who loves language – Philologist
21. One who hates language - Misologist
22. One who loves marriage (the custom)- Philogamist
23. One who hates marriage (the custom) - Misogamist
24. One who distrusts & dislikes everybody – Misocapnic
25. .One who believes easily – Credulous
26. One who is violently hostile to establish beliefs customs, tradition,
institutions etc -Iconoclast
27. One who is easily fooled – Gullible
28. One who is able to talk very quickly –Voluble
29. One who collect postal stamps – Philatelist
30. One who flirts with women – Philanderer
31. One who flirts with men – Paramour
32. One who does not marry specially for religious cause – Celibate
33. One who retires from society to live a solitary life – Recluse
34. One who is citizen of the world – Cosmopolitan
35. One who eats human flesh – Cannibal
36. One who abstain himself and restrict others to take alcoholic drink -
Teetotaler / Teetotal
37. One who is indifferent in pain & pleasure – Stoic
38. One who is indifferent to all other excitement – Stolid
39. One who is believes in God - Theist
40. One who believes that God exist in every object of nature - Pantheist
41. One who believes God’s existence in anything except material thing -
Agnostic
42. One who displays one’s knowledge – Pedant
43. A person having the same name as another – Namesake
44. A person living in the same time as another – Contemporary
45. One who does not believe in God – Atheist
46. One who is very talkative – Garrulous
47. One who is habitually silent – Taciturn
48. One who cuts precious stones –Lapidist

M.8670420484 Page 9
ONE WORD SUBSTITUTION

49. One who deals in cattle – Drover

50. One who takes delight in excessive cruelty – Sadist
51. A person who helps you to break the law – Accomplice
52. A man who starves body for the good of soul – Ascetic
53. Women trend to help other women in care child – Midwife
54. A person with full of discretionary power- Plenipotentiary
55. A pioneer of a reform movement – Apostle
56. One desirous of getting money – Avaricious
57. One who is always dissatisfied - Malcontent
58. One who does not care for literature or art - Philistine
59. One who speaks for an idea – Advocate
60. A man of odd habit –Eccentric
61. One whose wife has been unfaithful to him – Cuckold
62. One who pretends illness to escape duty – Malingerer
63. One who tries to star up people - Demagogue
64. One who claims to be superior in culture and intellect to other -
Highbrow/ Supercilious
65. One who pays too much attention to the clothes and appearance -Dandy
66. A person who forsake religion - Renegade/ Apostate
67. A person holding a scholarship at a university - Bursar

M.8670420484 Page 10
PRE - POSITION

The word that makes relationship between noun and verb is called Preposition.
Ex - The book is on the table.

N V P N

PREPOSITION

OF TIME OF PLACE APPROPRIATE PHRASAL VERB

➢ Preposition of Time: at, on,in,to,from,for,since,by,until,before,after,till.

◼ TO - ট্রেনটি সটিক সময়ে চলয়ে।
i. The train is running to time. [According to schedule
time]
ii. The train is running on time. [On fixed time]

iii. The train is running in time. [In between exact and delayed time]

◼ AT - Before time

Ex- At 4o’ clock, at dawn, at noon, at night.

◼ IN - Ex - In the morning, in the evening, in January… in December.

◼ ON - Ex- On Sunday, on 26th January, on 15th August, 1947.

◼ FROM - In indefinite & continuous irrespective of tense.

◼ FOR/SINCE - In perfect & perfect continuous irrespective of tense.

◼ BY - Refers future time.

Ex - I will finish reading the book by next week/tomorrow.

◼UNTIL - Denotes future time but in negative [Until refers time & Unless
refers condition].
M.8670420484 Page 1
PRE - POSITION
Ex - I will wait for you until you come.

◼TILL - Also denotes time but in positive sense.

◼AFTER –
◼BEFORE -
➢ Preposition of Place:
◼ ABOVE - If anything is fixed above our head.
Ex -Rambabu lives 16th floor above our floor.

◼ OVER - If anything convey flying, moving, crossing sense.

Ex - The bird is flying over our head.

◼ON -
i. It must have touching sense.

Ex -The book is on the table.

ii. Depend on.

Ex -The cow lives on grass.

iii. Based on.
Ex -I am writing a book based on English grammar.

◼UP -Step by step. Ex - a. We are up the stairs. b. Price of essential

commodities is rising up.

◼UPON - All at once. Ex - The cat jumped upon the table and drank the milk.

◼IN - Must have a circumference. Ex - We are in the classroom.

The man is taking rest in the shadow of the tree.

◼INTO - When something is in motion.

Ex - She is coming into the room. She is jumping into the pond.

◼BESIDE - In adjacent.

Ex - There is a playground beside the school.

◼BESIDES - In addition to .

M.8670420484 Page 2
PRE - POSITION
Ex - Besides his learning/schooling he also learn singing.

◼TOWARDS - Mention the direction.

Ex - Amal started walking towards east for 4 km.
◼TO - In any direction.
Ex - I go to school.

◼UNDER - Fixed in position.

Ex - The man is taking rest under the tree.

◼BELOW/BENEATH –
Ex - It is below my dignity to talk with such a person.
The poor are lying beneath the open sky.

➢A bird is sitting on a branch of the tree.✓

Appropriate Preposition: It must be formed any parts of speech and it will take
different kind of preposition but the meaning will remain unchanged.
Ex - I am fond of listening music. (আগ্রহী)
I have fondness for listening music. (আগ্রহ)

[Link]  The man was died. 

The man died.✓
i. Die of : any disease.
ii. Die by : an accident.
iii. Die for : a noble cause.
iv. Die from : a fall
v. Die-in- harness : die while on duty.
vi. Die through : neglect.
vii. Die down : reduce.

2. Marry  Marry in active voice will not take any preposition.

i. Marry to : a person
Ex - Ram was married to Sita.
ii. Marry with : a profession

M.8670420484 Page 3
PRE - POSITION
Ex - Ram was married with a singer.

3. Compare 
i. Compare to : in case of dissimilar object.

Ex - Don’t compare life to the stage.

ii. Compare with : between the similarity/in same character.

4. Deal 
i. Deal in : business

Ex - He deals in second hand articles.

ii. Deal with : make relation with.

Ex - The political leader always deals with the common people for his own
interest.
iii. Deal out : distribute

Ex - A good judge always deals out equal justice to all.

5. Prevail 
i. Prevail over : to spread

Ex - A strong rumor is prevailing over the area.

ii. Prevail on/upon : to influence

Ex - He prevailed on me to do the crime.

6. Victim 
i. Victim of : disease

Ex - A number of people were victim of malaria.

ii. Victim to : one’s own fault/activity/system

Ex - They were victim to their fault/poor academic system/ political

environment.

M.8670420484 Page 4
PRE - POSITION

7. Rejoice 
i. Rejoice in : self success

Ex - People usually rejoice in their success.

ii. Rejoice at : other’s success

Ex - Only a few can rejoice at other’s success.

8. Complain 

i. Complain against : some one

Ex - The students complained against their matron.
ii. Complain about : something

Ex - The students complained about their food.

iii. Complain to: The authority.

Ex - They complained to the police about their irritation.

9. Consist 
i. Consist of : be full of [countable]

Ex - The committee consist of ten members.

ii. Consist in : be full of [uncountable]

Ex - Happiness consist in simple living.

10. Agree 
i. Agree to : one’s proposal
ii. Agree with :someone
iii. Agree on : particular point

Ex - He agrees with me to my proposal specially on the point of investigating.

11. Invest 

M.8670420484 Page 5
PRE - POSITION
i. Invest in : money

Ex - My brother invested his total savings in farming.

ii. Invest with : power/honour/prestige

Ex - The new manager has been invested with all the power of the farm.

12. Vex 
i. Vex at : irritate [in active voice]

Ex - He vexed at me for nothing.

ii. Vex with :irritate [in passive voice]

Ex - I was vexed with him for his late coming.

13. Wait 

i. Wait for : someone/something

Ex - The students are waiting for their teachers/results.
ii. Wait on : to serve for

Ex - She waited on her sick mother round the clock.

14. Jump 
i. Jump at : to take the opportunity

Ex - Everybody jumps at the opportunity given to them.

ii. Jump to : to take a decision quickly

Ex - Don’t jump to the nasty conclusion.

iii. Jump into : Pond/river/well

Ex - She jumped into river & committed suicide

15. Smile 
i. Smile at : laugh at/mock at

M.8670420484 Page 6
PRE - POSITION

Ex - Don’t smile at the poor.

ii. Smile on/upon : to bless or to mercy

Ex - Lord Jesus smiled on everybody even on his enemies.

16. Abide 
i. Abide by : to obey

Ex - Everybody should abide by the rules of his country.

ii. Abide with : to stay

Ex - The sons & daughters must abide with their parents in old age.

17. Play 
i. Play in/at : Indicate the place

Ex - The final match in going to be played at Eden Garden.

ii. Play on/upon : musical

Ex - The musicians are playing on the violin in the same chord.

iii. Play for : In favour

Ex - The foreign players refuse to play for the club.

iv. Play with : someone/something

Ex - Don’t play with other’s emotion.

18. Claim 
i. Claim to : any material thing.
Ex -Even the stepsons (children) claim to their parent’s property.
ii. Claim on: any abstract thing.

Ex - A sinner can’t claim on other’s sympathy.

19. Blind 
M.8670420484 Page 7
PRE - POSITION
i. Blind of : eyesight

Ex - Ranjit Singh was blind of an eye.

ii. Blind to : affection

Ex - The mother is blind to his son’s fault.

20. Slow 
i. Slow of : delivering speech

Ex - our former P.M. was quiet slow of delivering speech.

ii. Slow in : to any other activity

Ex - They are very slow in making figure.

21. Result 
i. Result from : a cause

Ex - Poverty results from extravagance.

ii. Result in : a consequence

Ex - Extravagant results in poverty.

22. Possess 
i. Possess of : material thing
Ex - He is possessed of a royal property.
ii. Possess with : ideals

Ex - Still the village dwellers are possessed with many superstitions.

23. Entrust 

i. Entrust to : someone
Ex - Nobody will entrust to him, he is a cheater.
ii. Entrust with : something

Ex - I can’t entrust to him with this secret.

M.8670420484 Page 8
PRE - POSITION

24. Heir 
i. Heir to : something

Ex - There is no heir to the royal property.

ii. Heir of : someone

Ex - There is no heir of the queen of Jhansi.

25. Burst 
i. Burst into : anger/tear

Ex - Having seen the employees he burst into anger.

ii. Burst out/outinto : laughter

Ex -When he had cracked into jokes all of us burst out/out into laughter.
iii. Burst upon :to attack

Ex - The ruffians burst upon the village dwellers smashed upon the everything.

26. Part 
i. Part from : Someone

Ex - When she was parted from her sister she was crying.
ii. Part with : Something
Ex - A miser does not part with his wealth.

27. Live 
i. Live in/at : reference to the place

Ex - They lived at a remote village

ii. Live on : depend on

Ex - The cow lives on grass.

iii. Live for : material comfort

Ex - Don’t live only for material comfort.

M.8670420484 Page 9
PRE - POSITION
iv. Live by : Honesty

Ex - The saint lived by honesty.

28. Occur 
i. Occur to : to remain

Ex - I cannot occur to his name at this moment.

ii. Occur in : to exist

Ex - This line occurs in Tagore’s Gitanjali.

29. Touch 
i. Touch on : to highlight.

Ex - He has touched on every point of his lecture.

ii. Touch with : to be hurt with/ to be perplexed.

Ex - Everybody is touched with the death of the great leader.

◼◼ Some verbs are there that do not take any preposition with them,
because meaning of preposition is there already.
I. Describe  include about

Ex - Describe about the incident shortly. 

➢ Describe the incident shortly. ✓

II. Discuss  include with

Ex - You must discuss with a doctor regarding this problem. 
➢ You must discuss a doctor regarding this problem.✓
III. Await  include for

Ex - A warm welcome awaits for P.M.

➢ A warm welcome awaits P.M.✓
IV. Resemble  include to

Ex - She resembles to her mother.

M.8670420484 Page 10
PRE - POSITION
➢ She resembles her mother.✓
V. Order  include for

Ex - She ordered for soup & salad.

➢ She ordered soup & salad.✓
VI. Answer  include to

Ex - Please answer to my question immediately.

➢ Please answer my question immediately.✓
VII. Reach  include in/at

Ex - When they reached at the airport they were honoured.

➢ When they reached the airport they were honoured.✓
VIII. Considering  include about

Ex - Considering about her ability I can say than she is better than
I. ➢ Considering about her ability I can say than she is better than I.
IX. Sign  include on

Ex - Please sign on the paper immediately.

➢ Please sign the paper immediately.
X. Enter  include into

Ex - She was not allowed to enter into the hall.

➢ She was not allowed to enter the hall.✓
XI. Accompany  include with

Ex - I accompanied with him in his happiness & distress. 

➢ I accompanied him in his happiness & distress.✓

M.8670420484 Page 11
SYNONYM AND ANTONYM
List of Important Words

Word Synonym Antonym

Abate moderate, decrease aggravate, supplement
Abject despicable, servile commendable, praiseworthy
Abjure forsake, renounce approve, sanction
Abortive vain, unproductive effectual productive
Absolve pardon, forgive compel, accuse
Accord agreement, harmony disagreement, discord
Acrimony harshness, bitterness courtesy, benevolence
Adamant stubborn, inflexible flexible, soft
Adherent follower, disciple rival, adversary
Adjunct joined, added separated, subtracted
Admonish counsel, reprove approve, applaud
Adversity misfortune, calamity prosperity, fortune
Alien foreigner, outsider native, resident
Allay pacify, soothe aggravate, excite
Alleviate abate, relieve aggravate, enhance
Allure entice, fascinate repulse, repel
Amplify enlarge, extend lessen, contract
Antipathy hostility, aversion admiration, fascination
Apathy unconcern, indifference concern, care
Arraign charge, blame exculpate, pardon
Audacity boldness, arrogance mildness, cowardice
Authentic genuine, reliable fictitious, unreal
Awkward clumsy, rough clever, apt
Axiom maxim, truth absurdity, blunder
Baffle frustrate, perplex compose, facilitate
Barbarous uncivilized, savage cultured, humane
Benevolence humanity, generosity malevolence, inhumanity
Bewitching magical, fascinating repulsive, repugnant
Bleak dismal, gloomy bright pleasant
Brittle delicate, fragile tough, enduring
Bustle haste, flurry slowness, quiet
Calamity adversity, misfortune happiness, fortune
Callous obdurate, unfeeling compassionate, tender
Calumny defamation, aspersion commendation, praise
Capable competent, able incompetent, inept

M.8670420484 Page 1
SYNONYM AND ANTONYM
List of Important Words

Captivate charm, fascinate disillusion, offend

Captivity imprisonment, confinement freedom, liberty
Cavity depth, depression elevation, projection
Cease terminate, desist begin, originate
Chaste virtuous, pure sullied, lustful
Chastise punish, admonish cheer, encourage
Compassion kindness, sympathy cruelty, barbarity
Comprise include, contain reject, lack
Concede yield, permit deny, reject
Concur approve, agree differ, disagree
Consent agree, permit object, disagree
Consequence effect, outcome origin, start
Consolidate solidify, strengthen separate, weaken
Conspicuous prominent, obvious concealed, hidden
Contempt scorn, disregard regard, praise
Contradict deny, oppose approve, confirm
Contrary dissimilar, conflicting similar, alike
Dainty elegant, delicate clumsy, coarse
Decay collapse, decompose flourish, progress
Deceit deception, artifice veracity, sincerity
Decipher interpret, reveal misinterpret, distort
Dedicate devote, consecrate refuse, negate
Defer prolong, suspend accelerate, expedite
Defile contaminate, pollute purify, sanctity
Defray spend, pay disclaim, repudiate
Deliberate cautious, intentional rash, sudden
Delicious palatable, tasteful distasteful, unsavoury
Demolish ruin, devastate repair, construct
Deprive despoil, divest restore, renew
Deride mock, taunt inspire, encourage
Despicable worthless, shameless worthy, decent
Disdain detest, despise approve, praise
Eccentric strange, abnormal natural, conventional
Ecstasy delight, exultation despair, calamity, depression
Efface destroy, obliterate retain, maintain
Elevate dignify, heighten deprecate, denounce

M.8670420484 Page 2
SYNONYM AND ANTONYM
List of Important Words

Eliminate expel, oust restore, accept

Eloquence expression, fluency halting, stammering
Encumbrance hindrance, obstacle incentive, stimulant
Endeavour undertake, aspire cease, quit
Enormous colossal, mammoth diminutive, negligible
Epitome precise, example increment, expansion
Equivocal uncertain, hazy obvious, lucid
Eradicate destroy, exterminate secure, plant
Esteem respect, regard ridicule, spurn
Eternal perpetual, endless temporary, momentary
Evade avoid, elude acknowledge, confront
Evident obvious, apparent obscure, concealed
Fabricate construct, produce destroy, dismantle
Fallacy delusion, mistake veracity, truth
Falter stumble, demur persist, endure
Fanatical narrow-minded, biased liberal, tolerant
Fantastic fanciful, uncommon ordinary, normal
Feeble weak, frail strong, robust
Ferocious cruel, fierce gentle, sympathetic
Feud strife, quarrel fraternity, harmony
Fleeting transient, temporary enduring, eternal
Flimsy trifling, transparent firm, tenacious
Fluctuate deflect, vacillate stabilise, resolve
Forsake desert, renounce hold maintain
Fragile weak, infirm enduring, tough
Frantic violent, agitated subdued, gentle
Frivolous petty, worthless solemn, significant
Frugality economy, providence lavishness, extravagance

Gloom obscurity, darkness delight, mirth

Glut stuff, satiate starve, abstain
dull,
un
magnificent,
Gorgeous pre
dazzling
ten
tio

M.8670420484 Page 3
SYNONYM AND ANTONYM
List of Important Words

us
courteous, rude,
Gracious
beneficent unforgiving
disgusting, pleasing,
Grisly
atrocious attractive
benevolence,
Grudge hatred, aversion
affection
honesty,
Guile cunning, deceit
frankness
promote,
Hamper retard, prevent
facilitate
considered,
Haphazard random, unsorted
arranged
unfortunate, fortunate,
Hapless
ill-fated lucky
Harass irritate, molest assist, comfort
humble,
Haughty arrogant, pompous
submissive
conviction,
Hazard Peril, danger
security
non-conformist, conformable,
Heretic
secularist religious
frightful, attractive,
Hideous
shocking alluring
deception, sincerity,
Hypocrisy
affectation honesty
unsullied, defiled,
Immaculate
spotless tarnished
puny,
Immense huge, enormous
insignificant
emerge,
Immerse submerge, involve
uncover
distant,
Imminent impending, brewing
receding
prerogative, blame,
Immunity
privilege censure
diminish,
Impair restore, revive
deteriorate
Impartial just, unbiased prejudiced,

M.8670420484 Page 4
SYNONYM AND ANTONYM
List of Important Words

biased
hurdle, assistance,
Impediment
obstruction concurrence
irreligious,
Impious pious, devout
unholy
exculpate,
Impute attribute, ascribe
support
disposition, disinclination,
Inclination
affection indifference
inefficient, dexterous,
Incompetent
unskilled skilled
inappropriate, compatible,
Incongruous
absurd harmonious
unavoidable, unlikely,
Inevitable
ascertained doubtful
comply,
Infringe violate, encroach
concur
Ingenuous undisguised, naive wily, crafty
conceal,
Insinuate allude, hint
camouflage
delicious,
Insipid tasteless, vapid
luscious
indigent, wealthy,
Insolvent
destitute solvent
eradicate,
Instil inculcate, inject
extract
tangled, regulated,
Intricate
complicated orderly
candour,
Intrigue scheme, conspiracy
sincerity
genuine, extraneous,
Intrinsic
fundamental incidental
accusation, approval,
Invective
censure acclamation
unconquerable, effeminate,
Invincible
impregnable languid
irresistible, composed,
Irrepressible
unconfined hesitant
Jaded tired, exhausted renewed,

M.8670420484 Page 5
SYNONYM AND ANTONYM
List of Important Words

recreated
interesting,
Jejune dull, boring
exciting
frolicsome, solemn,
Jovial
cheerful morose
rejoicing, melancholy,
Jubilant
triumphant depressing
thoughtful, irrational,
Judicious
prudent foolish
unequal,
Just honest, impartial
unfair
impute,
Justify defend, exculpate
arraign
dotage,
Juvenile young, tender
antiquated
Keen sharp, poignant vapid, insipid
unrelated,
Kindred relation, species
dissimilar
dishonest, paragon,
Knave
scoundrel innocent
death knell, last reconstruction
Knell
blow , rediscovery
complicated simple,
Knotty
difficult manageable
abundant, scarce,
Lavish
excessive deficient
Lax slack, careless firm, reliable
compassionate,
Lenient cruel, severe
merciful
unaccountable
Liable accountable, bound
, apt to
magnanimous, stingy,
Liberal
generous malicious
hasten,
Linger loiter, prolong
quicken
indifferent,
Listless brisk, attentive
inattentive
obscure,
Lucid sound, rational
hidden

M.8670420484 Page 6
SYNONYM AND ANTONYM
List of Important Words

normalcy,
Lunacy delusion, insanity
sanity
Lure attract, entice repel, dissuade
palatable, unsavoury,
Luscious
delicious tart
scanty,
Luxuriant profuse, abundant
meagre
diminutive,
Minute large, colossal
miniature
marvellous, ordinary,
Miraculous
extraordinary trivial
augment,
Mitigate alleviate, relieve
enhance
arrogant,
Modest humble, courteous
pompous
console,
Molest harass, tease
soothe
irritate,
Mollify appease, assuage
infuriate
trivial,
Momentous notable, eventful
insignificant
varied,
Monotonous irksome, tedious
pleasant
liberal, frugal,
Munificent
hospitable penurious
Murky dusky, dreary bright shining
recalcitrant, submissive,
Mutinous
insurgent faithful
separate,
Mutual joint, identical
distinct
inattentive, vigilant,
Negligent
careless careful
generous,
Niggardly miser, covetous
profuse
sluggish,
Nimble prompt, brisk
languid
indifferent, attentive,
Nonchalant
negligent considerate
Novice tyro, beginner veteran,

M.8670420484 Page 7
SYNONYM AND ANTONYM
List of Important Words

ingenious
healing,
Noxious baneful, injurious
profitable
confirm,
Nullify cancel, annual
uphold
scarce,
Numerous profuse, various
deficient
hasten,
Obstruct impede, prevent
encourage
obscure,
Obvious evident, apparent
ambiguous
intelligible,
Occult latent, ambiguous
transparent
malevolent, engaging,
Odious
obnoxious fascinating
abhorrent, docile,
Offensive
arrogant compliant
descendant, ancestor,
Offspring
sibling forefather
transparent,
Opaque obscure, shady
bright
Oracular cryptic, vague lucid, distinct
revoke,
Ordain order, impose
abolish
decorative, unseemly,
Ornamental
adorned plain
eruption, compliance,
Outbreak
insurrection subjection
offence,
Outrage praise, favour
maltreatment
flounder,
Overwhelm triumph, subjugate
falter
Pamper flatter, indulge deny, disparage
Paramount foremost, eminent trivial, inferior
matchless, mediocre,
Peerless
unrivalled commonplace
Peevish perverse, sullen suave, amiable
Pertness flippancy, modesty, diffidence

M.8670420484 Page 8
SYNONYM AND ANTONYM
List of Important Words

impudence
petulant,
Perverse complacent, docile
obstinate
Placid tranquil, calm turbulent, hostile
unpretentious,
Pompous haughty, arrogant
humble
Precarious doubtful, insecure assured, undeniable
resolution,
Predicament plight, dilemma
confidence
precocious,
Premature belated, opportune
untimely
unimpressive,
Prodigious vast, enormous
diminutive
Prodigy miracle, marvel normal, average
dissolute,
Profligate virtuous, upright
degenerate
Profuse lavish, abundant scarce, scantly
Proscribe prohibit, exclude solicit, include
Protract prolong, delay abbreviate, curtail
Provoke inflame, incite pacify, comfort
Prudent cautious, discreet impetuous, unwise
Quack impostor, deceiver upright, unfeigned
Quaint queer, strange familiar, usual
Quarantine seclude, screen befriend, socialize
Quell subdue, reduce exacerbate, agitate
dubious,
Questionable reliable, authentic
disputable
equivocate,
Quibble unfeign, plain
prevaricate
Ratify consent, approve deny, dissent
Ravage destroy, ruin reconstruct, renovate
Redeem recover, liberate conserve, lose
Remnant residue, piece entire, whole
Remonstrate censure, protest agree, laud
ruthlessness,
Remorse regret, penitence
obduracy
Remote inaccessible, adjoining, adjacent

M.8670420484 Page 9
SYNONYM AND ANTONYM
List of Important Words

farther
Rescind annul, abrogate delegate, permit
Resentment displeasure, wrath content, cheer
Retract recant, withdraw confirm, assert
Reverence respect, esteem disrespect, affront
vanquish,
Rout succumb, withdraw
overthrow
Rustic rural uncivilised cultured, refined
remorseless, compassionate,
Ruthless
inhumane lenient
Sarcastic ironical, derisive courteous, gracious
Saucy impudent, insolent modest, humble
scarce,
Scanty lavish, multitude
insufficient
miserable,
Shabby prosperous, thriving
impoverished
Shrewd cunning, crafty simple, imbecile
Slander defame, malign applaud, approve
Sneer mock, scorn flatter, praise
Solicit entreat, implore protest, oppose
intermittent,
Sporadic incessant, frequent
scattered
Squalid dirty, filthy tidy, attractive
Stain blemish, tarnish honour, purify
lethargy, sensibility,
Stupor
unconsciousness consciousness
consequent,
Subsequent Preceding, Previous
following
considerable,
Substantial tenuous, fragile
solid
Subvert demolish, sabotage generate, organise
Superficial partial, shallow profound, discerning
parasite,
Sycophant devoted, loyal
flatterer
Taboo prohibit, ban permit, consent
Taciturn reserved, silent talkative, extrovert
Tedious wearisome, irksome exhilarating, lively

M.8670420484 Page 10
SYNONYM AND ANTONYM
List of Important Words

Temperate cool, moderate boisterous, violent

Throng assembly, crowd dispersion, sparsity
Timid diffident, coward bold, intrepid
Tranquil peaceful, composed violent, furious
temporal,
Transient lasting, enduring
transitory
assertive,
Trenchant feeble, ambiguous
forceful
trifling,
Trivial significant veteran
insignificant
peaceful,
Tumultuous violent, riotous
harmonious
Tyro beginner, learner proficient, veteran
resentment,
Umbrage sympathy, goodwill
bitterness
awkward,
Uncouth elegant, graceful
ungraceful
restore,
Usurp seize, wrest
compensate
completely,
Utterly deficiently, incompletely
entirely
Vagrant wanderer, roaming steady, settled
Valid genuine, authentic fallacious, deceptive
Valour bravery, prowess fear, cowardice
conceit,
Vanity modesty, humility
pretension
Venerable esteemed, honoured unworthy, immature
poison,
Venom antidote, benevolent
malevolence
ingenious,
Veteran novice, tyro
experienced
Vicious corrupt, obnoxious noble, virtuous
Vigilant cautious, alert careless, negligent
Volatile light, changing heavy, ponderous
Vouch confirm, consent repudiate, prohibit
inelegant,
Vulgar elegant, civil
offensive
Waive relinquish, remove impose, clamp

M.8670420484 Page 11
SYNONYM AND ANTONYM
List of Important Words

Wan pale, faded bright, healthy

Wane decline, dwindle ameliorate, rise
cautious,
Wary heedless, negligent
cirumspect
Wed marry, combine divorce, separate
Wicked vicious, immoral virtuous, noble
Wield use, employ forgo, avoid
Wilt wither, perish revive, bloom
Yearn languish, crave content, satisfy
Yell shout, shriek whisper, muted
surrender,
Yield resist, protest
abdicate
Yoke connect, harness liberate, release
Zeal eagerness, fervour apathy, lethargy
Zenith summit, apex nadir, base
delight,
Zest disgust, passive
enthusiasm
straight,
Zig-zag oblique, wayward
unbent

M.8670420484 Page 12