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Problem Sheet 3

The document contains a problem sheet for Math 104 with various exercises related to linear algebra concepts such as vector spaces, linear transformations, and properties of null and range spaces. It includes proofs, examples, and conditions for isomorphisms and invertibility of linear maps. The exercises aim to deepen understanding of the relationships between different vector space properties and transformations.

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19 views1 page

Problem Sheet 3

The document contains a problem sheet for Math 104 with various exercises related to linear algebra concepts such as vector spaces, linear transformations, and properties of null and range spaces. It includes proofs, examples, and conditions for isomorphisms and invertibility of linear maps. The exercises aim to deepen understanding of the relationships between different vector space properties and transformations.

Uploaded by

jigeli3360
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Problem Sheet 3, Math 104

Exercises
1. Suppose V is a finite dimensional vector space and T ∈ L(V, V ). Recall that null(T ) is a subspace of V and range(T ) is a
subspace of W . Is it true that V = null(T ) + range(T ). Is it a direct sum? Give a proof or a counterexample.
2. We proved in class that V ∼
= W when dim V = dim W . Give an example of two vector spaces V, W such that dim V = dim W
and T ∈ L(V, W ) such that T is not an isomorphism.

3. Let V be a finite-dimensional vector space and let T be a linear operator on V. Suppose that rank(T 2 ) = rank(T ). Prove
that the range and null space of T are disjoint, i.e., have only the zero vector in common.
4. Suppose V is a vector space and S, T ∈ L(V, V ) are such that range S ⊂ null T .Prove that (ST )2 = 0.

5. Let V be a vector space and T a linear transformation from V into V . Prove that the following two statements about T
are equivalent.
(a) The intersection of the range of T and the null space of T is the zero subspace of V .
(b) If T (T (a)) = 0, then T (a) = 0.
6. Let T be the linear operator on R3 defined by

T (x1 , x2 , x3 ) = (3x1 , x1 − x2 , 2x1 − x2 + x3 ).

Is T invertible? If so, find T −1 .


7. Suppose T ∈ L(U, V ) and S ∈ L(V, W ) are both invertible linear maps. Prove that ST ∈ L(U, W ) is invertible and that
(ST )−1 = T −1 S −1 .
8. Suppose V is finite-dimensional, U is a subspace of V , and S ∈ L(U, V ). Prove there exists an invertible operator T ∈ L(V )
such that T u = Su for every u ∈ U if and only if S is injective.
9. Suppose p ∈ P(R). Prove that there exists a polynomial q ∈ P(R) such that 5q ′′ + 3q ′ = p.

10. Suppose T is a function from V to W . The graph of T is the subset of V × W defined by

graph of T = {(v, T v) ∈ V × W | v ∈ V }.

Prove that T is a linear map if and only if the graph of T is a subspace of V × W .


11. Give an example of a vector space V and subspaces U1 , U2 of V such that U1 × U2 is isomorphic to U1 + U2 but U1 + U2
is not a direct sum.
12. Suppose U is a subspace of V and v1 + U, . . . , vm + U is a basis of V /U and u1 , . . . , un is a basis of U . Prove that
v1 , . . . , vm , u1 , . . . , un is a basis of V .
13. Suppose v, x ∈ V and that U, W ≤ V such that the affine subsets v + U = x + W . Prove that U = W .

14. SUppose U ≤ V such that V /U is finite dimensional. Prove that V ∼


= U × (U/V ).
15. Suppose T ∈ L(V, W ) and U ≤ V . Let π denote the quotient map. Prove that there exists S ∈ L(V /U, W ) such that
T = S ◦ π if and only if U ⊆ T .

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