DROPPER TSC

Physical Chemistry for NEET

Problem Solving and Exercise Sheet

Chemical Equilibrium

Index

Problem Solving Sheet 1–9

Exercise-1 10 – 20
Exercise-2 21 – 25
Exercise-3 26 – 33
Answer key 34

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Chemical Equilibrium

CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM

Problem Solving Sheet Session-1

1. 
The equilibrium concentration of [B]e for the reversible reaction A  B can be evaluated by the
expression:-
kf 1
(A) KC [A]e 1 (B) k [A]e (C) k f k b1 [A]e (D) kf kb [A]–1
b

2. At 1000 K, the value of KP for the reaction :


A(g) + 2B(g)   3C(g) + D(g)
is 0.05 atm The value of KC in terms of R would be
(A) 20000 R (B) 0.02 R (C) 5 × 10–5 R (D) 5 × 10–5 × R–1

KP
3. Match List –I (hypothetical reactions) with List–II (ratio K for the given reactions) and select the
C

correrct answer using the code given below the lists :-

(a) A2(g) + 3B2(g) 
 2AB3(g) (i) (RT)–2
(b) A2(g) + B2(g) 
 2AB(g) (ii) (RT)0
1

(c) A(s) + 1.5 B2(g) 

 AB3(g) (iii) (RT) 2
1
–
(d) AB2(g) 
 AB(g) + 0.5 B2(g) (iv) (RT) 2

CODES :
a b c d
(A) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(B) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
(C) (i) (iv) (iii) (ii)
(D) (i) (ii) (iv) (iii)

4. In a chemical equilibrium, the rate constant for the backward reaction is 7.5 × 10–4 and the equilibrium
constant is 1.5. The rate constant for the forward reaction is:-
(A) 2 × 10–3 (B) 5 × 10–4 (C) 1.12 × 10–3 (D) 9.0 × 10–4

5. For which reaction is Kp = Kc :-

(A) 2NOCl(g) 
 2NO(g) + Cl2(g) (B) N2(g) + 3H2(g) 
 2NH3(g)
(C) H2(g) + Cl2(g) 
 2HCl(g) (D) 2SO2(g) + O2(g) 
 2SO3(g)

6. For the reaction CuSO4.5H2O(s)  CuSO4 . 3H2O(s) + 2H2O(g)

Which one is correct representation :–
(A) Kp = p(2H2O) (B) Kc = [H2O]2 (C) Kp = Kc(RT)2 (D) All

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Chemical Equilibrium

Kp
7. log + log RT = 0 is true relationship for the following reaction:-
Kc

(A) PCl5  PCl3 + Cl2 
(B) 2SO2 + O2   2SO3

(C) N2 + 3H2  2NH3 (D) (B) and (C) both

8. For the reaction C(s) + CO2(g) 

 2CO(g) the partial pressure of CO and CO2 are 2.0 and 4.0
atm. respectively at equilibrium. The KP for the reaction is
(A) 0.5 (B) 4.0 (C) 8.0 (D) 1
Kp
9. For which reaction at 298 K, the value of is maximum and minimum respectively:-
Kc
(a) N2O4 
 2NO (b) 2SO2 + O2 
 2SO
2 3

(c) X + Y 
 4Z (d) A + 3B 
 7C
(A) d, c (B) d, b (C) c, b (D) d, a

10. 
In this reaction Ag+ + 2NH3  + + +
 Ag(NH ) at 298K molar concentration of Ag , Ag(NH ) and
3 2 3 2
-1 -1 3
NH3 is 10 , 10 , and 10 . The value of KC at 298K for this equilibrium :-
(A) 10-6 (B) 106 (C) 2 × 10-3 (D) 2 × 106

11. Consider the two gaseous equilibrium involving SO2 and the corresponding equilibrium constants at
299 K
1
SO2 (g) + O (g) 
 SO3 (g) ; K1
2 2

4SO3 (g)   4 SO (g) + 2O (g) ; K
2 2 2
The value of the equilibrium constant are related by :-
1
1  1 4 1
(A) K2 = (K ) 4 (B) K2 = K14 (C) K2 =   (D) K2 = K
1  K1  1

12. 
x  y reaction is said to be in equilibrium, when :-
(A) Only 10% conversion x to y is just
(B) Complete conversion of x to y has taken place
(C) Conversion of x to y is only 50% complete
(D) The rate of change of x to y is just equal to the rate of change of y to x in the system

13. 
In the chemical reaction N2 + 3H2  2NH3 at equilibrium, state whether :-
(A) Equal volumes of N2 & H2 are reacting
(B) Equal masses of N2 & H2 are reacting
(C) The reaction has stopped
(D) The same amount of ammonia is formed as is decomposed into N2 and H2

14. The role of catalyst in a chemical reaction is :-

(A) To help attain equilibrium in a shorter time.
(B) To lower the activation energy.
(C) To shift the equilibrium in such a way as to increase the concentration of the product
(D) Both 1 & 2
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Chemical Equilibrium

15. Active mass of 5 g CaO :-

(A) 56 (B) 1 (C) 3.5 (D) 2

16. Ratio of active masses of 22g CO2, 3g H2 and 7g N2 in a gaseous mixture :-

(A) 22 : 3 : 7 (B) 0.5: 3 : 7 (C) 1 : 3 : 1 (D) 1 : 3 : 0.5

Problem Solving Sheet Session-2

1. 
For the reactions :- A  B ; KC = 2, B 
 C ; KC = 4, C 
 D ; KC = 6

KC for the reaction A  D :-
(A) 12 (B) 4/3 (C) 24 (D) 48
H
2. Effect of increasing temperature on equilibrium constant is given by log K2 - log K1 =
2.303R

1 1
   . Then for an endothermic reaction the false statement is:-
 T2 T1 

1 1
(A )    = positive (B) log K2 > log K1
 T2 T1 
(C) H = positive (D) K2 > K1

3. Equilibrium constant of some reactions are given as under :

(a) x 
 y K = 10–1
(b) y 
 z K = 2 × 10–2
(c) P 
 Q K = 3 × 10–4

(d) R   S K = 2 × 10–3
Initial concentration of the reactants for each reaction was taken to be equal :
Review the above reaction and indicate the reactions in which the reactants and products respectively
were of highest concentration :-
(A) d, c (B) c, a (C) a, d (D) b, c

4. Which Oxide of Nitrogen is most stable :-

(A) 2NO2 (g) 
 N2 (g) + 2O2 (g)
K = 6.7 × 1016 mol L–1
(B) 2 NO(g) 
 N2 (g) + O2 (g)
K = 2.2 × 1030

(C) 2 N2O5 (g)  2N2(g) + 5O2 (g)
K = 1.2 × 10 34 mol 5 L–5
(D) 2N2O(g) 
 2N2 (g) + O2 (g)
K = 3.5 × 1033 mol L–1

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Chemical Equilibrium
5. The equilibrium constant for the reaction

Br2  2Br at 500 K and 700 K are 1 × 10–10 and 1 × 10–5 respectively. The reaction is:-
(A) Endothermic (B) Exothermic (C) Fast (D) Slow

6. The equilibrium constant in a reversible reaction at a given temperature:-

(A) Depends on initial concentration of the reactants.
(B) Depends on the concentration of the products at equilibrium.
(C) Does not depend on the initial concentrations.
(D) It is not characteristic of the reaction.

7. For a reaction N2 + 3H2  2NH3, the value of KC does not depends upon :-
(a) Initial concentration of the reactants
(b) Pressure
(c) Temperature
(d) Catalyst
(A) Only c (B) a, b, c (C) a, b, d (D) a, b, c, d

8. 
In an experiment the equilibrium constant for the reaction A + B   C + D is K when the initial
–1
concentration of A and B each is 0.1 mol L Under the similar conditions in an another experiment if
the initial concent ration of A and B are taken
–1
2 and 3 mol L respectively then the value of equilibrium constant will be:-
K 1
(A) (B) K (C) K2 (D)
2 K

9. List X List Y
(A) Active mass (i) n = 0
(B) Dynamic nature (ii) Molar concentration

(C) A + heat   B (iii) Vant hoff's equation
(D) log (Kp /Kp ) (iv) adaptation if temperature increases =
2 1
H  1 1 
  
2.303R  T1 T2 
(E) 2A(g)+B(g) 
 3C(g) (v) Chemical equilibrium
Correct match list X and Y
(A) A - (V), B - (II), C - (III), D - (I), E - (IV)
(B) A - (V), B - (IV), C - (III), D - (II), E - (I)
(C) A - (II), B - (V), C - (IV), D - (III), E - (I)
(D) None of these

10. 
In system A(s)   2B(g) + 3C(g) at equilibrium if concentration of 'C' is doubled then concentration
of B at equilibrium.
(A) Double its original concentration
(B) Half its original concentration
(C) 2 2 its original concentration
1
(D) its original concentration
2 2
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Chemical Equilibrium

11. 
If some He gas is introduced into the equilibrium PCl5   PCl + Cl at constant pressure and
3 2
temperature then equilibrium constant of reaction :
(A) Increase (B) Decrease (C) Unchange (D) Nothing can be said

Problem Solving Sheet Session-3

1. For which of the following reaction the degree of dissociation () and equilibrium constant (KP) are
4 2 P
related as KP = :-
(1   2 )

(A) N2O4 (g)   2NO2(g) 
(B) H2(g) + I2(g)  2HI(g)

(C) N2(g) + 3H2(g)  2NH3(g) 
(D) PCl3(g) + Cl2(g)  PCl5(g)

2. Pure ammonia is placed in a vessel at a temperature where its dissociation constant is appreciable. At
equilibrium:-
(A) Kp does not change significantly with pressure
(B) Degree of dissociation does not change with pressure
(C) concentration of NH3 does not change with pressure
(D) concentration of H2 is less than that of N2

3. 
For the reaction PCl5   PCl3 + Cl2, the degree of dissociation varies inversely as the square root of
pressure of the system. Supposing at constant temperature If the volume is increased 16 times the intial
volume, the degree of dissociation for this reaction will becomes
1 1
(A) 4 times (B) times (C) 2 times (D) times
4 2

4. A reaction in equilibrium is represented by the following equation –


2A(s) + 3B(g)  3C(g) + D(g) + Q if the pressure on the system is reduced to half of its original
value:-
(A) The amounts of C and D decreases (B) The amounts of C and D increases
(C) The amount of D decreases (D) All the amounts remain constant

5. 
Cis -2- pentene   Trans -2- pentene for the above equilibrium the value of standard free energy
change at 400 K is –3.67 kJ/mol. If excess of trans -2- pentene is added to the system then :-
(A) Additional trans -2- pentene will form
(B) Excess of cis -2- pentene will form
(C) Equilibrium will proceed in the forward
(D) Equilibrium will remain unaffected

6. When NaNO3 is heated in a closed vessel, O2 is liberated and NaNO2 is left behind. At equilibrium –
(A) Addition of NaNO3 favours forward reaction
(B) Addition of NaNO2 favours reverse reaction
(C) Increasing pressure favours reverse reaction.
(D) Decreasing temperature favours forward reaction.

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Chemical Equilibrium

7. The equilibrium 2SO2(g) + O2(g) 

 2SO3(g) shifts forward if :-
(A) A catalyst is used.
(B) An adsorbent is used to remove SO3 as soon as it is formed.
(C) Small amounts of reactants are used.
(D) None

8. 
In A3(g)  –1
 3A (g) reaction, the initial concentration of A3 is "a" mol L If x is degree of dissociation
of A3. The total number of moles at equilibrium will be:-
ax a  a  ax 
(A ) a – (B) –x (C)   (D) None of these
3 3  2 

9. In a 0.25 L tube dissociation of 4 mol of NO is take place. If its degree of dissociation is 10%. The
value of KP for reaction 2 NO  N2 + O2 is :-
1 1 1 1
(A) 18 2 (B) 8 2 (C) (D)
    16 32

10. The reaction A + B  C + D is studied in a one litre Vessel at 250°C. The initial concentration of A
was 3n and of B was n. After equilibrium was attained then equilibrium concentration of C was found
to be equal to equilibrium concentration of B. What is the concentration of D at equilibrium :-
n  n  n
(A) (B)  3n   (C)  n   (D) n
2  2  2

11. If the pressure of N2/H2 mixture in a closed apparatus is 100 atm and 20% of the mixture reacts then
the pressure at the same temperature would be -
(A) 100 (B) 90 (C) 85 (D) 80

Problem Solving Sheet Session-4

1. In manufacture of NO, the reaction of N2 and O2 to form NO is favourable if :-

(A) Pressure is increased (B) Pressure is decreased
(C) Temperature is increased (D) Temperature is decreased

2. In which of the following equilibrium reactions, the equilibrium would shift to right side, if total pres-
sure is decreased :-
(A) N2 + 3H2   2NH3 
(B) H2 + I2   2HI
 
(C) N2O4  2NO2 (D) H2 + Cl2 
  2HCl

3. The oxidation of SO2 by O2 to SO3 is exothermic reaction. The yield of SO2 will be minimum if :-
(A) Temperature is increased and pressure is kept constant
(B) Temperature is reduced and pressure is increased
(C) Both temperature and pressure are increased
(D) Both temperature and pressure are decreased

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Chemical Equilibrium

4. 
For the manufacture of ammonia by the reaction N2 + 3H2  2NH3 + 21.9 K cal, the favourable
conditions are :-
(A) Low temperature, low pressure & catalyst
(B) Low temperature, high pressure & catalyst
(C) High temperature, low pressure & catalyst
(D) High temperature, high pressure & catalyst

5. Match list –I (equilibrium) with List –II (conditions for reaction) and select the correct answer using the
codes given below the lists :-
List–I List–II
(Equilibrium) (Conditions)

P. A2(g) + B2(g)  2AB(g) [Link] Endothermic temperature

Q. 2AB2(g)+B2(g)  2AB3(g) 2. Low Exothermic temperature

R. 2AB3(g)  A2(g) + 3B2(g) 3. High pressure Endothermic
4. Low pressure
5. Independent of pressure
CODE :
P Q R
(A) 1&3 2&3 2&4
(B) 2 &3 1&4 1&3
(C) 1&5 2&3 1&4
(D) 2&4 1&5 1&3

6. 
I n the reaction 2A (g) + B(g)  C(g) + 362 kcal. Which combination of pressure and temperature
gives the highest yield of C at equilibrium:-
(A) 1000 atm and 500°C (B) 500 atm and 500°C
(C) 1000 atm and 50°C (D) 500 atm and 100°C

7. Does Le chatelier's principle predict a change of equilibrium concentration for the following reaction if
the gas mixture is compressed

N2O4(g)   2NO2(g)
(A) Yes, backward reaction is favoured (B) Yes, forward reaction is favoured
(C) No change (D) No information

8. aA  bB + cC, H = - x kcal.

If high pressure and low temperature are the favourable condition for the formation of the product in
above reaction, hence:-
(A) a > b + c (B) a < b + c (C) a = b + c (D) None of them

9. The reaction in which yield of production cannot be increased by the application of high pressure is :-

(A) PCl3(g) + Cl2(g)   PCl5(g)

(B) N2(g) + O2(g)   2NO (g)

(C) N2(g) + 3H2(g)   2NH3(g)
(D) 2SO2(g) + O2(g)  2SO3(g)

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Chemical Equilibrium

10. aA + bB  cC + dD
in above reaction low pressure and high temperature, conditions are shift equilibrium in back direction
so correct set :–
(A) (a + b) > (c + d), H > 0 (B) (a + b) < (c + d), H > 0
(C) (a + b) < (c + d), H < 0 (D) (a + b) > (c + d), H < 0

11. In a vessel containing SO3, SO2 and O2 at equilibrium, some helium gas is introduced so that the total
pressure increases while temperature and volume remain constant. According to Le-Chatelier principle,
the dissociation of SO3 ,
(A) Increases (B) Decreases
(C) Remains unaltered (D) None of these

12. For reaction aA 

 L + mM. In condition of suddenly volume increase, degree of dissociation is
decrease it represent that.
(A) a < ( + m) (B) a = (+ m) (C) a = ( – m) (D) a > ( + m)

13. 
For the reaction, PCl5(g)   PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) the forward reaction at constant temperature is favoured
by :-
(a) Introducing an inert gas at constant volume
(b) Introducing chlorine gas at constant volume
(c) Introducing an inert gas at constant pressure
(d) Increasing volume of the container
(e) Introducing PCl5 at constant volume
(A) a, b, c (B) b, c, d (C) c, d, e (D) a, c, d, e

14. 
For the equilibrium reaction, H 2O ()  H2O(g), What happens, if pressure is applied:-
(A) More water evaporates (B) The boiling point of water is increased
(C) No effect on boiling point (D) None of the above

15. On cooling of following system at equilibrium


CO2(s)   CO2(g) :-
(A) There is no effect on the equilibrium state (B) More gas is formed
(C) More gas is solidifies (D) None of above

16. Following equilibrium is present in a closed container at the temperature of 25° C.

SO2Cl2(g)  
 SO2(g) + Cl2(g)
When Cl2 is added to the equlibrium mixture, the following statements will be correct for the system.
(a) Concentrations of SO2, Cl2 and SO2Cl2 change.
(b) Cl2 is formed in more amount.
(c) Concentration of SO2 decreases and that of SO2Cl2 increases.
(A) a, c (B) a, b (C) b, c (D) a, b, c

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Chemical Equilibrium

ANSWER KEY

SESSION - 1
1. (C) 2. (D) 3. (D) 4. (C) 5. (C) 6. (D) 7. (B)
8. (D) 9. (B) 10. (A) 11. (A) 12. (D) 13. (D) 14. (D)
15. (B) 16. (D)

SESSION - 2

1. (D) 2. (A) 3. (B) 4. (A) 5. (A) 6. (C) 7. (C)

8. (B) 9. (C) 10. (D) 11. (C)

SESSION - 3

1. (A) 2. (A) 3. (A) 4. (B) 5. (B) 6. (C) 7. (B)

8. (D) 9. (A) 10. (A) 11. (B)

SESSION - 4

1. (C) 2. (C) 3. (B) 4. (B) 5. (C) 6. (C) 7. (A)

8. (A) 9. (B) 10. (D) 11. (C) 12. (D) 13. (C) 14. (B)
15. (C) 16. (A)

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Chemical Equilibrium

Exercise # 1 Objective Questions

1. A chemical reaction is at equilibrium when
(A) Reactants are completely transformed into products
(B) The rates of forward and backward reactions are equal
(C) Formation of products is minimised
(D) Equal amounts of reactants and products are present

2. Which of the following statement is incorrect:

(A) At equilibrium, concentration of reactants must be equal to concentration of products.
(B) Equilibrium can be attained in both homogenous and heterogenous reaction.
(C) Approach to the equilibrium is fast in initial state but gradually it decreases.
(D) Equilibrium is dynamic in nature

3. Rate of reaction curve for equilibrium can be like : [rf = forward rate , rb = backward rate]

(A) (B) (C) (D) All of these

4. In a reaction A(g) + B(g)  C(g) + D(g) the rate constant of forward & backward reactions
are k1 and k2 respectively then the equilibrium constant (K) for reaction is expressed as –
k2 k1
(A) K = (B) K = (C) K = k1 x k2 (D) K = k1 + k2
k1 k2

–4
5. In a chemical equilibrium, the rate constant for the backward reaction is 7.5  10 and the
equilibrium constant is 1.5, the rate constant for the forward reaction is :
–3 –4 –3 –4
(A) 2  10 (B) 5  10 (C) 1.12  10 (D) 9.0  10

6. At a certain temperature, the following reactions have the equilibrium constant as shown below :
52
S(s) + O2 (g)  SO2 (g); Kc1 = 5 × 10
29
2S(s) + 3O2 (g)  2SO3(g); Kc2=10

What is the equilibrium constant Kc for the reaction at the same temperature ?
2SO2(g) + O2 (g) 2SO3(g)
76 23 –77
(A) 2.5 × 10 (B) 4 × 10 (C) 4 × 10 (D) None of these

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Chemical Equilibrium

7. For the reaction A  B; KC = 2

B  C; KC = 4, C  D ; KC = 6
KC for the reaction A  D
(A) 12 (B) 4/3 (C) 24 (D) 48

8. Equilibrium constant of some reaction are given as under ;

–1
(a) xy K = 10
–2
(b) yz K = 2 × 10
–4
(c) PQ K = 3 × 10
–3
(d) RS K = 2 × 10
Initial concentration of the reactants for each reaction was taken be equal :
Review the above reaction and indicate the reactions in which the reactants and products
respectively were of highest concentration : -
(A) d, c (B) c, a (C) a, d (D) b, c

9. The equilibrium constant (Kp) for the reaction PCl5(g)  PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) is 16. If the volume
of the container is reduced to one half its original volume, the value of Kp for the reaction at
the same temperature will be :
(A) 32 (B) 64 (C) 16 (D) 4

10. When Kc >> 1 for a chemical reaction,

(A) The equilibrium would be achieved rapidly
(B) The equilibrium would be achieved slowly
(C) Product concentrations would be much greater than reactant concentrations at equilibrium
(D) Reactant concentrations would be much greater then product concentrations at equilibrium.

11. For the following gases equilibrium, N2O4 (g) 2NO2 (g), Kp is found to be equal to Kc.
This is attained when :
o
(A) 0 C (B) 273 K (C) 1 K (D) 12.19 K

12. The relation between Kp and Kc in equilibrium is :

n
(A) Kp = Kc (RT) (B) Kp = Kc × RT
n
(C) Kc = Kp (RT) (D) Kc = Kp × n

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Chemical Equilibrium

Kp
13. For which reaction at 298 K, the value of will be maximum and minimum respectively :
Kc

(a) N2O4(g) 2NO2(g) (b) 2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3 (g)

(c) X(g) + Y(g)  4Z(g) (d) A(g) + 3B(g)  7C(g)
(A) d,c (B) d,b (C) c,b (D) d,a

14. For hypothetical equilibrium, 4A(g) + 5B(g)  4X(g) +6Y(g)

The unit of KC will be :
–1 –1 –2 2 –2
(A) litre mole (B) mole litre (C) litre mole (D) mole litre

15. The reaction A(g) + B(g)  C(g) + D(g) is studied in a one litre vessel at 250°C. The initial
concentration of A was 3n and that of B was n. When equilibrium was attained, equilibrium
concentration of C was found to the equal to the equilibrium concentration of B. What is the
concentration of D at equilibrium?
(A) n/2 (B) (3n – 1/2) (C) (n – n/3) (D) n

16. A certain quantity of PCl5 was heated in a 10 litre vessel at 250ºC. At equilibrium the vessel
contains 0.1 mole of PCl5 0.20 mole of PCl3 and 0.2 mole of Cl2 ; The equilibrium constant of
the reaction PCl5(g)  PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) is :
(A) 0.02 (B) 0.05 (C) 0.04 (D) 0.025

–4
17. For the equilibrium N2 + 3H2  2NH3 Kc at 1000K is 2 × 10 . If the equilibrium
concentration of N2 and H2 are 2M and 4M respectively, then [NH3] at equilibrium is :
(A) 0.00358 M (B) 0.0358 M (C) 0.16 M (D) 3.58 M

18. 4 moles of A are mixed with 4 moles of B, when 2 moles of C are formed at equilibrium,
according to the reaction, A + B C + D. The equilibrium constant is :
(A) 4 (B) 1 (C) 8 (D) 12

19. In the reaction 2P(g) + Q(g)  3R(g) + S(g). If 2 moles each of P and Q taken initially in a 1
litre flask. At equilibrium which is true:
(A) [P] < [Q] (B) [P] = [Q] (C) [Q] = [R] (D) None of these

20. Kc = 9 for the reaction, A + B  C + D, If A and B are taken in equal amounts, then ratio of C
to A at equilibrium is :
(A) 1 (B) 0.25 (C) 0.75 (D) None of these

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3
21. 1 mole of N2 and 2 moles of H2 are allowed to react in a 1 dm vessel. At equilibrium, 0.8 mole
of NH3 is formed. The concentration of H2 in the vessel is:
(A) 0.6 mol/L (B) 0.8 mol/L (C) 0.2 mol/L (D) 0.4 mol/L

22. The reaction, PCl5 PCl3 + Cl2 is started in a five litre container by taking one mole of PCl5.
If 0.3 mole of PCl5 is there at equilibrium, concentration of PCl3 and KC will respectively be :
49 23 23 49
(A) 0.14, (B) 0.12, (C) 0.07, (D) 20,
150 100 100 150

23. In the reaction A(g) + 2B(g)  2C(g) , if 2 mole of A, 3.0 moles of B and 2.0 moles of C are
placed in a 2L flask. If equilibrium concentration of C is 0.5 mole/L. The value of equilibrium
constant (KC) will be:
(A) 0.073 (B) 0.147 (C) 0.05 (D) 0.026

24. A mixture of 0.3 mole of H2 and 0.3 mole of I2 is allowed to react in a 10 litre evacuated flask
at 500ºC. Equilibrium constant for the reaction H2 + I2  2HI , is found to be 64. The amount
of unreacted I2 at equilibrium is :
(A) 0.15 mole (B) 0.06 mole (C) 0.03 mole (D) 0.2 mole

25. At a certain temperature 50% HI is dissociated at equilibrium. The equilibrium constant for the
reaction 2HI  H2 + I2 is :
(A) 0.25 (B) 1.0 (C) 3.0 (D) 0.50

3
26. 0.6 mole of NH3 in a reaction vessel of 2dm capacity was brought to equilibrium . The vessel
was then found to contain 0.15 mole of H2 formed by the reaction
N2(g) + 3H2(g)  2NH3(g)
Which of the following statement is true?
(A) 0.15 mole of the original NH3 had dissociated at equilibrium
(B) 0.55 mole of ammonia is left in the vessel
(C) At equilibrium the vessel contained 0.45 mole of N2
3
(D) The concentration of NH3 at equilibrium is 0.25 mole per dm

27. PCl5 PCl3 + Cl2 in the reversible reaction the moles of PCl5, PCl3 and Cl2 are a, b and c at
equilibrium respectively and total pressure is P then value of Kp is :
bc b bc.P c
(A) .RT (B) .P (C) (D) .P
a (a  b  c) a (a  b  c) (a  b  c)

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Chemical Equilibrium

28. The equilibrium constant, Kp for the reaction

2SO2(g) + O2(g)  2SO3(g)
–1
is 4.0 atm at 1000 K. What would be the partial pressure of O2 if at equilibrium the amount of
SO2 and SO3 is the same ?
(A) 16.0 atm (B) 0.25 atm (C) 1 atm (D) 0.75 atm

29. A sample of pure NO2 gas heated to 1000 K decomposes : 2NO2(g)  2NO(g) + O2(g). The
equilibrium constant KP is 100 atm. Analysis shows that the partial pressure of O2 is 0.25 atm.
at equilibrium. The partial pressure of NO2 at equilibrium is:
(A) 0.03 (B) 0.25 (C) 0.025 (D) 0.04

30. The reaction quotient Q for

N2(g) + 3H2(g)  2NH3(g)
[NH3 ]2
is given by Q = . The reaction will proceed in backward direction, when
[N2 ][H2 ]3
(A) Q = KC (B) Q < KC (C) Q > KC (D) A = 0

31. For the reaction,

2A + B 3C at 298 K, KC = 49
A 3L vessel contains 2, 1 and 3 moles of A, B and C respectively. The reaction at the same
temperature
(A) must proceed in forward direction (B) must proceed in backward direction
(C) must be equilibrium (D) can not be predicted

32. 2 mole each of SO3, CO, SO2 and CO2 is taken in a one lit. vessel. If KC for
SO3(g) + CO(g)  SO2(g) + CO2(g) is 1/9 then
(A) Total no. of moles at equilibrium are less than 8
(B) n(SO3) + n(CO2) = 4
(C) [n(SO2)/n(CO)] < 1
(D) Both (B) and (C).

33. A3(g) 3A (g)

In the above reaction, the initial concentration of A3 is "a" moles/lit. If x is degree of
dissociation of A3. The total number of moles at equilibrium will be :
ax a a  ax 
(A) a – (B) – ax (C)   (D) a + 2ax
3 3  2 

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Chemical Equilibrium

34. In a 0.25 litre tube dissociation of 4 moles of NO is take place. If its degree of dissociation is
10%. The value of Kp for reaction 2NO N2 + O2 is :
1 1 1 1
(A) 2
(B) 2
(C) (D)
18   8 16 32

35. For the dissociation reaction N2O4(g)  2NO2(g), the degree of dissociation () in terms of Kp
and total equilibrium pressure P is:
4p  K p Kp Kp
(A)   (B)   (C)   (D) None of these
Kp 4p  K p 4p

36. The degree of dissociation of PCl5(g) obeying the equilibrium, PCl5  PCl3 + Cl2 , is
approximately related to the presure at equilibrium by -
1 1 1
(A)  P (B)  (C)  (D) 
P P2 P4

37. What will be the amount of dissociation, if the volume is increased 16 times of initial volume
in the reaction
PCl5  PCl3 + Cl2 ? (Assume dissociation is negligible)
1 1
(A) 4 times (B) times (C) 2 times (D) times
4 5

Dd
38. The equation  = correctly matched for :
(n  1)d

(A) A(g) (n/2)B(g) + (n/3)C(g) (B) A(g)  (n/3)B(g) + (2n/3)C(g)

(C) A(g)  (n/2)B(g) + (n/4)C(g) (D) A(g)  (n/2)B(g) + C(g)

1
39. SO3(g) SO2(g) + O (g)
2 2
If observed vapour density of mixture at equilibrium is 35 then find out value of 
(A) 0.28 (B) 0.38 (C) 0.48 (D) 0.58

40. For equilibrium

N2O4(g) 2NO2(g)
the observed vapour density of N2O4 is 40 at 350 K. Calculate percentage dissociation of
N2O4(g) at 350K.
(A) 15 (B) 30 (C) 92 (D) 46

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Chemical Equilibrium

41. How many of the following reactions are homogenous reversible reactions ?
(A) H3COOH() + C2H5OH()  CH3COOC2H5() + H2O()
(B) C(s) + CO2(g) CO(g) + H2O(g)
(C) H2(g) + CO2(g)  CO(g) + H2O(g)
(D) CO(g) + Cl2(g) COCl2(g)
(5) NH4HS(s) NH3(g) + H2S(g)
(6) CaCO3(s)  CaO(s) + CO2(g)
(7) N2(g) + O2(g)  2NO(g)
(8) CO2(g) + C(s)  2CO(g)
(9) SO2(g) + NO2(g)  SO3(g) + NO(g)
1
(10) NO(g) + Br2()  2NOBr(g)
2
(A) 4 (B) 5 (C) 6 (D) 7

42. For NH4HS(s)NH3(g) + H2S(g) reaction started only with NH4HS(s), the observed
pressure for reaction mixture in equilibrium is 1.2 atm at 106°C. What is the value of KP for
the reaction?
2 2 2 2
(A) 1.44 atm (B) 0.36 atm (C) 0.16 atm (D) 3.6 atm

43. Partial pressure of CO is twice to the partial pressure of CO2 at the equilibrium. If total
pressure at equlibriumis 12 atm. Then KP will be
C(s) + CO2(g)  2CO(g)
(A) 8 (B) 12 (C) 16 (D) 32

44. The correct relationship between free energy change in a reaction and the corresponding
equilibrium constant K is :
o
(A) – G = RT ln K (B) G = RT ln K
o
(C) – G = RT ln K (D) G = RT ln K

45. The effect of temperature on equilibrium constant is expressed as (T2 > T1)
H  1 1
log K2 / logK1 =  –  . For endothermic reaction false statement is
2.303R  T1 T2 
1 1
(A)    = positive
 T2 T1 
(B) H = positive
(C) log K2 > log K1
(D) K2 > K1

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46. For a reversible reaction aA + bB cC + dD ; the variation of K with temperature is given by
K2 Hº  1 1 
log =    then,
K1 2.303R  T2 T1 
(A) K2 > K1 if T2 > T1 for an endothermic change
(B) K2 < K1 if T2 > T1 for an endothermic change
(C) K2 > K1 if T2 > T1 for an exothermic change
(D) All are correct

–10
47. The equilibrium constant for the reaction Br2 2Br at 500 K and 700 K are 1  10 and
–5
1  10 respectively. The reaction is :
(A) Endothermic (B) Exothermic (C) Fast (D) Slow

48. An exothermic reaction is represented by the graph :

(A) (B)

(C) (D) None of these

49. For the reaction CO(g) + H2O(g) CO2(g) + H2(g) at a given temperature the equilibrium
amount of CO2 (g) can be increased by :
(A) adding a suitable catalyst (B) adding an inert gas
(C) decreasing the volume of container (D) increasing the amount of CO(g)

50. Given the following reaction at equilibrium N2(g) + 3H2(g)  2NH3(g). Some inert gas at
constant pressure is added to the system. Predict which of the following facts will be affected.
(A) More NH3(g) is produced (B) Less NH3(g) is produced
(C) No affect on the equilibrium (D) Kp of the reaction is decreased

51. Introduction of inert gas (at the same temperature) will affect the equilibrium if :
(A) volume is constant and ng  0 (B) pressure is constant and ng  0
(C) volume is constant and ng = 0 (D) pressure is constant and ng = 0

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Chemical Equilibrium

52. In the following reversible reaction

2SO2 + O2 2SO3 + Q cal
Most suitable condition for the higher production of SO3 is
(A) High temperature and high pressure
(B) High temperature and low pressure
(C) Low temperature and high pressure
(D) Low temperature and low pressure

53. In the formation of SO3 by contact process (2SO2 + O2  2SO3 + Q cal) the conditions used
are
(A) Catalyst, optimum temperature and higher concentration of reactants
(B) Catalyst, optimum temperature and lower concentration of reactants
(C) Catalyst, high temperature and higher concentration of reactants
(D) Catalyst, low temperature and lower concentration of reactants

54. Consider the reactions

(i) PCl5(g) PCl3(g) + Cl2(g)
(ii) N2O4(g) 2NO2(g)
The addition of an inert gas at constant volume
(A) will increase the dissociation of PCl5 as well as N2O4
(B) will reduce the dissociation of PCl5 as well as N2O4
(C) will increase the dissociation of PCl5 and step up the formation of NO2
(D) will not disturb the equilibrium of the reactions

55. Vapour density of equilibrium PCl5(g)  PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) is decreased by

(A) increasing temperature (B) decreasing volume
(C) increasing pressure (D) decreasing temperature

56. For the reaction : PCl5 (g)  PCl3 (g) + Cl2 (g)
The backward reaction at constant temperature is favoured by
(A) introducing chlorine gas at constant volume
(B) introducing an inert gas at constant pressure
(C) increasing the volume of the container
(D) introducing PCl5 at constant volume

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57. Which of the following reaction will shift in backward direction. When the respective change
is made at equilibrium:
(A) N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g) increase in pressure at eq.
(B) H2O(s) H2O() addition of inert gas at constant volume
(C) PCl5(g)  PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) addition of inert gas at constant pressure
(D) CO2(g) + CaO(s)  CaCO3 increase in temperature

58. If the volume of the reaction flask is reduced to half of its initial value and temperature is kept
constant then in which of the following cases the position of equilibrium will not shift ?
(A) CO(g) + H2O(g) CO2(g) + H2(g) (B) I2(g)  2I(g)
(C) NH4HS(s) NH3(g) + H2S(g) (D) 2NOCl(g)  2NO(g) + Cl2(g)

59. The dissociation of phosgene, which occurs according to the reaction

COCl2 (g) CO(g) + Cl2(g)
Is an endothermic process. Which of the following will increase the degree of dissociation of
COCl2 ?
(A) Adding Cl2 to the system
(B) Adding helium to the system at constant pressure
(C) Decreasing the temperature of the system
(D) Increasing total pressure
1 1
60. For the reaction, N2(g) + O2(g)  NO(g)
2 2
If pressure is increased by reducing the volume of the container then :
(A) Degree of dissociation at equilibrium will change.
(B) Concentration of all the component at equilibrium will change.
(C) Concentration of all the component at equilibrium will remain same
(D) Equilibrium will shift in the forward direction

61. At constant temperature, the equilibrium constant (KP) for the decomposition reaction
(4x 2 P)
N2O4 2NO2 is expressed by KP = , where P = pressure, x = extent of
(1  x 2 )
decomposition. Which one of the following statements is true ?
(A) KP increases with increase of P (B) KP increases with increase of x
(C) KP increases with decrease of x (D) KP remains constant with change in P and x

62. Au(s)  Au()

Above equilibrium is favoured at :
(A) High pressure low temperature (B) High pressure high temperature
(C) Low pressure, high temperature (D) Low pressure, low temperature

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63. A gas 'X' when dissolved in water heat is evolved. Then solublity of 'X' will increase :
(A) Low pressure, high temperature (B) Low pressure, low temperature
(C) high pressure, high temperature (D) high pressure, low temperature

64. For an equilibrium H2O(s)  H2O() which of the following statements is true.
(A) The pressure changes do not affect the equilibrium
(B) More of ice melts if pressure on the system is increased
(C) More of liquid freezes if pressure on the system is increased
(D) The degree of advancement of the reaction do not depend on pressure.

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Chemical Equilibrium

Exercise # 2 Objective Questions

1. Which of the following is incorrect about the chemical equilibrium ?
(A) (G)T,P = 0
(B) Equilibrium constant is independent of initial concentration of reactants
(C) Achievment of equilibrium is an sponteneous process.
(D) Reaction stops at equilibrium

2. The equilibrium concentration of B that is [B]eq, for the reversible reaction A  B can be
evaluated by the expression:
–1 kf –1 Kf –1
(A) KC[A] (B) [A] (C) A  (D) kfkb[A]
kb kb

3. For a reaction N2 + 3H2  2NH3, the value of KC does not depends upon :
(a) Initial concentration of the reactants (b) Pressure
(c) Temperature (d) Presence of catalyst
(A) Only c (B) a,b,c (C) a,b,d (D) a,b,c,d

4. The equilibrium constant for the reaction : H2(g) + I2(g)  2HI(g) is 64. If the volume of the
container is reduced to one fourth of its original volume, the value of the equilibrium constant
will be :
(A) 16 (B) 32 (C) 64 (D) 128

5. For N2 + 3H2 2NH3 equilibrium constant is K then equilibrium constant for

2N2 + 6H2 4NH3 :
2 K 1
(A) K (B) K (C) (D) +1
2 K

6. Equilibrium constant for following reactions respectively K1, K2 and K3

N2 + 3H2  2NH3 K1
N2 + O2 2NO K2
1
H2 + O  H2O K3
2 2
5
2NH3 + O  2NO + 3H2O K4
2 2
Which of the following relation is incorrect.
K 2  (K 3 )3 3
(A) K1 = (B) K4 = K1 × K2/(K3)
K4
K 4  K1 K 2  (K 3 )3
(C) K2 = (D) K4 =
(K 3 )3 K1

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Chemical Equilibrium

7. The yield of the product will be higher if the value of K for the reaction is
–15 –12 8 –7
(A) 1 × 10 (B) 1 × 10 (C) 5 × 10 (D) 1 × 10

8. Which Oxide of Nitrogen is most stable

16 –1
(A) 2NO2(g)  N2(g) + 2O2(g) K = 6.7 × 10 mol L
30
(B) 2 NO(g)  N2(g) + O2(g) K = 2.2 × 10
34 5 –1
(C) 2 N2O5(g)  2N2(g) + 5O2(g) K = 1.2 × 10 mol L
33 –1
(D) 2N2O(g)  2N2(g) + 2O2(g) K = 3.5 × 10 mol L

–3 –1/2
9. The equilibrium constant of the reaction SO2(g) + ½O2(g)  SO3(g) is 4 × 10 atm .
The equilibrium constant of the reaction 2SO3(g) 2SO2(g) + O2(g) would be :
3 4 4
(A) 250 atm (B) 4 × 10 atm (C) 0.25 × 10 atm (D) 6.25 × 10 atm

10. For the reaction

CuSO4.5H2O(s) CuSO4.3H2O(s) + 2H2O(g)
Which one is correct representation:
2 2 2
(A) KP = PH O 
2
(B) KC = [H2O] (C) KP = KC(RT) (D) All

Kp
11. log + log RT = 0 is a relationship for the reaction :
Kc

(A) PCl5  PCl3 + Cl2 (B) 2SO2 + O2  2SO3

(C) H2 + 2  2H (D) N2 + 3H2  2NH3

12. At 1000 K, the value of Kp for the reaction :

A(g) + 2B(g)  3C(g) + D(g) is 0.05 atmosphere. The value of KC in terms of R would be :
–5 –5 –1
(A) 20000 R (B) 0.02 R (C) 5  10 R (D) 5  10  R

°
13. The KP/KC ratio for the reaction 4NH3(g) + 7O2(g)  4 NO(g) + 6 H2O (g), at 127 C is (A)
0.0301 (B) 0.0831 (C) 1.0001 (D) 33.26

14. The figure show the change in concentration of species A and B as a fuctional of time. The
equilibrium constant KC for the reaction A(g) 2B (g) is :

(A) Kc > 1 (B) K < 1 (C) K = 1 (D) data insufficient

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Chemical Equilibrium

15. The equilibrium N2 (g) + O2 (g)  2NO (g) is estabilished in a reaction vessel of 2.5 L
capacity. The amounts of N2 and O2 taken at the start were respectively 2 moles and 4 moles.
1
mole of nitrogen has been used up at equilibrium. The molar concentration of nitric oxide is:
2
(A) 0.2 (B) 0.4 (C) 0.6 (D) 0.1

16. In the reaction, N2 + O2  2NO, the moles/litre of N2, O2 and NO respectively 0.25, 0.05 and
1.0 at equilibrium, the initial concentration of N2 and O2 will be respectively if initially only N2
and O2 are taken :
(A) 0.75 mol/litre, 0.55 mole/litre (B) 0.50 mole/litre, 0.75 mole/litre
(C) 0.25 mole/litre, 0.50 mole/ litre (D) 0.25 mole/litre, 1.0 mole/litre

17. 'a' moles of PCl5, undergoes, thermal dissociation as : PCl5  PCl3 + Cl2, the mole fraction of
PCl3 at equilibrium is 0.25 and the total pressure is 2.0 atmosphere. The partial pressure of Cl2
at equilibrium is :
(A) 2.5 (B) 1.0 (C) 0.5 (D) None

18. 2 mol of N2 is mixed with 6 mol of H2 in a closed vessel of 1L capacity. If 50% of N2 is

converted into NH3 at equilibrium, the value of Kc for the reaction,
N2(g) + 3H2(g)  2NH3(g) is
(A) 4/27 (B) 27/4 (C) 1/27 (D) 27

19. A reaction mixture containing H2, N2 and NH3 has partial pressure 2 atm, 1 atm and 3 atm
–5
respectively at 725 K. If the value of KP for the reaction, N2 + 3H2  2NH3 is 4.28  10
–2
atm at 725 K, in which direction the net reaction will go :
(A) Forward (B) Backward
(C) No net reaction (D) Direction of reaction cannot be predicted

20. At 445º C, Kc for the following reaction is 0.020.

2HI(g)  H2(g) + I2(g)
A mixture of H2, I2 and HI in a vessel at 445º C has the following concentration :
[HI] = 2.0M, [H2] = 0.50M and [I2] = 0.10M. The statement that is true concerning the reaction
quotient, Qc is:
(A) Qc = Kc ; the system is at equilibrium
(B) Qc less than Kc ; more H2 and I2 will be produced
(C) Qc less than Kc ; more HI will be produced
(D) Qc is greater than Kc; more H2 and I2 will be produced

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Chemical Equilibrium

21. 5 moles of SO2 and 5 moles of O2 are allowed to react to form SO3 in a closed vessel. At the
equilibrium stage, 60% SO2 is used up. The total number of moles of SO2, O2 and SO3 in the
vessel now is :
(A) 3.9 (B) 10.5 (C) 8.5 (D) 10.0

22. The extent of dissociation of PCl5 at a certain temperature is 20 % at one atm pressure.
Calculate the pressure at which this substance is half dissociated at the same temperature.
(A) 0.123 (B) 0.246 (C) 0.826 (D) 0.111

23. The vapour density of N2O4 at a certain temperature is 30.67. The % dissociation of N2O4 at
this temperature is:
(A) 50 (B) 20 (C) 70 (D) 10

24. Vapour density of PCl5 is 104.16 but when heated to 230°C its vapour density is reduced to 62.
The degree of dissociation of PCl5 at this temperature will be:
(A) 6.8 % (B) 68% (C) 46% (D) 64%

25. For the reaction N2O4(g) 2NO2(g), if percentage dissociation of N2O4 are 20%, 45%, 65%
& 80%, then the sequence of observed vapour densities will be :
(A) d20 > d45 > d65 > d80 (B) d80 > d65 > d45 > d20
(C) d20 = d45 = d65 = d80 (D) (d20 = d45) > (d65 = d80)

26. For the reaction C(s) + CO2(g)  2CO(g) the partial pressure of CO and CO2 are 2.0 and 4.0
atm. respectively at equilibrium. The KP for the reaction is:
(A) 0.5 (B) 4.0 (C) 8.0 (D) 1

27. In the reaction C(s) + CO2(g)  2CO(g), the equilibrium pressure is 12 atm. If 50% of CO2
reacts then Kp will be:
(A) 12 atm (B) 16 atm (C) 20 atm (D) 24 atm

28. Calculate the partial pressure of carbon monoxide from the following data
–2
CaCO3(s)  
 CaO (s) + CO2  , Kp = 8  10
CO2(g) + C(s) ࢮ2CO(g), Kp = 2
(A) 0.2 (B) 0.4 (C) 1.6 (D) 4

1
29. If standard heat of dissociation of PCl5 is 230 cal then slope of the graph of logk vs is :
T
(A) +50 (B) – 50 (C) 10 (D) None

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Chemical Equilibrium

30. The equilibrium, SO2Cl2(g)  SO2(g) + Cl2(g) is attained at 25°C in a closed container and an
inert gas, helium, is introduced. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct.
(A) Concentrations of SO2, Cl2 and SO2Cl2 are changed
(B) No effect on equilibrium
(C) Concentration of SO2 is reduced
(D) Kp of reaction is increasing

31. A reaction in equilibrium is represented by the following equation –

2A(s) + 3B(g) 3C(g) + D(g) + O2 if the pressure on the system is reduced to half of its
original value
(A) The amounts of C and D decreases (B) The amounts of C and D increases
(C) The amount of B and D decreases (D) All the amounts remain constant

32. For the equilibrium reaction, H2O(l) H2O(g). What happens, if pressure is applied:
(A) More water evaporates (B) The boiling point of water is increased
(C) No effect on boiling point (D) None of the above

33. On cooling of following system at equilibrium CO2(s)  CO2(g)

(A) There is no effect on the equilibrium state
(B) More gas is formed
(C) More gas solidifies
(D) None of above

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Chemical Equilibrium

Exercise # 3 Part # I Previous Year Questions [AIPMT]

1. The chemical reaction: BaO2(s) BaO(s) + O2(g) :

H = + ve. In equilibrium condition, pressure of O2 depends upon: [AIPMT 2002]
(A) increase mass of BaO (B) increase mass of BaO2
(C) increase in temperature (D) increase mass of BaO2 and BaO both

+ –
2. The equilibrium constant (KC) for the reaction HA + B BH + A is 100. If the rate
5
constant for the forward reaction is 10 , then rate constant for the backward reaction is :
[AIPMT 2002]
7 3 –3 –5
(A) 10 (B) 10 (C) 10 (D) 10

3. The reaction quotient (Q) for the reaction

[NH3 ]2
N2(g) + 3H2 2NH3(g) is given by Q =
[N2 ][H2 ]3
The reaction will proceed from right to left if [AIPMT 2003]
(A) Q = KC (B) Q < KC (C) Q > KC (D) Q = 0

4. The following equilibrium constant are given [AIPMT 2003,2007]

N2 + 3H2  2NH3 ; K1
N2 + O2  2NO ; K2
1
H2 + O  H2O ; K3
2 2
The equilibrium constant for the oxidation of NH3 by oxygen to give NO is:
(A) K1 K2 / K3 (B) K2 K 33 / K1 (C) K2 K 32 /K1 (D) K 22 K3/ K1

5. In Haber process 30 litres of dihydroen and 30 litres of dinitrogen were taken for reaction
which yielded only 50% of the expected product. What will be the composition of gaseous
mixture under the given condition in the end : [AIPMT 2003]
(A) 20 litres ammonia, 25 litres nitrogen, 15 litres hydrogen
(B) 20 litres ammonia, 20 litres nitrogen, 20 litres hydrogen
(C) 10 litres ammonia, 25 litres nitrogen, 15 litres hydrogen
(D) 20 litres ammonia, 10 litres nitrogen, 30 litres hydrogen

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Chemical Equilibrium

6. Consider the following equilibrium in a closed container :

N2O4(g)  2NO2(g)
At a fixed temperature, the volume of the reaction container is halved. For this change, which
of the following statements, holds true regarding the equilibrium constant (Kp) and degree of
dissociation () [AIPMT 2003]
(A) neither Kp nor  changes (B) both Kp and  change
(C) Kp changes but  does not change (D) Kp does not change but  changes

7. In the two gaseous reactions (i) and (ii) at 250ºC [AIPMT 1994, 2005]
1
(i) NO (g) + O (g) NO2 (g), K1
2 2
(ii) 2NO2 (g) 2NO (g) + O2 (g), K2
The equilibrium constants K1 and K2 are related as :
1 1/2 1 2
(A) K2 = (B) K2 = K1 (C) K2 = (D) K2 = K1
K1 K 21

–1
8. For the reaction, CH4 + 2O2 (g) CO2 (g) + 2 H2O (), rH = – 170.8 kJ mol
[AIPMT 2006]
Which of the following statements is not true ?
(A) At equilibrium, the concentrations of CO2 (g) and H2O () are not equal.
[CO2 ]
(B) The equilibrium constant for the reaction is given by Kp =
[CH4 ] [O2 ]
(C) Addition of CH4 (g) or O2 (g) at equilibrium will cause a shift to the right.
(D) The reaction is exothermic.

9. The value of the equilibrium constant of the reaction [AIPMT 2008]

1 1
HI (g)  H2(g) + I (g) is 8.0
2 2 2
The equilibrium constant of the reaction
H2(g) + I2 (g)  2HI (g) will be
(A) 1/16 (B) 1/64 (C) 16 (D) 1/8

–
10. If concentration of OH ions in the reaction [AIPMT 2008]
3+ –
Fe(OH)3(s)  Fe (aq) + 3OH (aq)
1 3+
is decreased by times, then equilibrium concentration of Fe will increase by
4
(A) 8 times (B) 16 times (C) 64 times (D) 4 times

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Chemical Equilibrium

11. The value of K P and K P for the reactions

1 2
[AIPMT 2008]
XY+Z ...... (A)
and A  2B ...... (B)
are in the ratio of 9 : 1. If the degree of dissociation of X and A be equal, then total pressure at
equilibrium (A) and (B) are in the ratio
(A) 3 : 1 (B) 1 : 9 (C) 36 : 1 (D) 1 : 1

12. The dissociation equilibrium of a gas AB2 can be represented as [AIPMT 2008]
2AB2 (g)  2 AB(g) + B2 (g)
The degree of dissociation is ‘x’ and it is small compared to 1. The expression relating the
degree of dissociation (x) with equilibrium constant Kp and total pressure P is.
1/3 1/2
(A) (2 Kp/P) (B) 2Kp/P) (C) (2 Kp/P) (D) (Kp/P)

–5 –10
13. The dissociation constant for acetic acid and HCN at 25ºC are 1.5 × 10 and 4.5 × 10 ,
respectively. The equilibrium constant for the equilibrium, [AIPMT 2009]
– –
CN + CH3COOH  HCN + CH2COO
5 –5 –4 4
(A) 3.0 × 10 (B) 3.0 × 10 (C) 3.0 × 10 (D) 3.0 × 10

14. The reaction, 2A(g) + B(g) 3C(g) + D(g)

is begun with the concentrations of A and B both at an initial value of 1.00 M. When
equilibrium is reached, the concentration of D is measured and found to be 0.25 M. The value
for the equilibrium constant for this reaction is given by the expression : [AIPMT 2010]
3 2 3 2
(A) [(0.75) (0.25)] [(1.00) (1.00)] (B) [(0.75) (0.25)] [(0.50) (0.75)]
3 2 3 2
(C) [(0.75) (0.25)] [(0.50) (0.25)] (D) [(0.75) (0.25)] [(0.75) (0.25)]

15. In which of the following equilibrium Kc and Kp are not equal? [AIPMT 2010]
(A) 2NO(g)  N2(g) + O2(g) (B) SO2(g) + NO2(g)  SO3(g) + NO(g)
(C) H2(g) + 2(g)  2H(g) (D) 2C(s) + O2(g) 2CO2(g)

16. For the reaction N2(g) + O2(g) 2NO(g), the equilibrium constant is K1. The equilibrium
constant is K2 for the reaction 2NO(g) + O2(g)  2NO2(g). What is K for the reaction NO2(g)
 ½N2(g) + O2(g) ? [AIPMT 2011]
½
(A) 1 / (2K1K2) (B) 1 / (4K1K2) (C) [1 / K1K2] (D) 1 / (K1K2)

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Chemical Equilibrium

17. Given the reaction between 2 gases represented by A2 and B2 to give the compound AB(g).
A2(g) + B2(g)  2 AB(g). [AIPMT 2012]
At equilibrium, the concentration
–3
of A2 = 3.0 × 10 M
–3
of B2 = 4.2 × 10 M
–3
of AB = 2.8 × 10 M.
lf the reaction takes place in a sealed vessel at 527°C, then the value of KC will be :
(A) 2.0 (B) 1.9 (C) 0.62 (D) 4.5

18. For the reversible reaction : [AIPMT 2014]

N2(g) + 3H2(g)  2NH3(g) + heat
The equilibrium shifts in forward direction -
(A) by increasing the concentration of NH3(g)
(B) by decreasing the pressure
(C) by decreasing the concentrations of N2(g) and H2(g)
(D) by increasing pressure and decreasing temperature

’
19. For a given exothermic reaction, Kp and Kp are the equilibrium constants at temperatures T1
and T2 respectively. Assuming that heat of reaction is constant in temperatures range between
T1 and T2, it is readily observation that: [AIPMT 2014]
’ ’ ’ 
(A) Kp > Kp (B) Kp < Kp (C) Kp = Kp (D) Kp =
K P'

12
20. If the value of an equilibrium constant for a particular reaction is 1.6×10 , then at equilibrium
the system will contain? [AIPMT 2015]
(A) mostly reactant.
(B) mostly products
(C) similar amounts of reactants and products.
(D) all reactants.

21. Which of the following statements is correct for a reversible process in a state of equilibrium ?
(A) G = 2.30 RT log K (B) G° = –2.30 RT log K [AIPMT 2015]
(C) G° = 2.30 RT log K (D) G = –2.30 RT log K

22. A 20 litre container at 400 K contains CO2(g) at pressure 0.4 atm and an excess of SrO neglect
the volume of solid SrO). The volume of the container is now decreased by moving the
movable piston fitted in the container. The maximum volume of the container, when pressure
of CO2 attains its maximum value, will be : [NEET-2017]
(Given that : SrCO3(s)  SrO(s) + CO2(g), Kp = 1.6 atm)
(A) 5 litre (B) 10 litre (C) 4 litre (D) 2 litre

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Chemical Equilibrium

23. The equilibrium constants of the following are : [NEET-2017]

N2 + 3H2  2 NH3 K1
N2 + O2  2 NO K2
H2 + ½ O2  H2O K3
The equilibrium constant (K) of the reaction :
5 K
2NH3 + O 2NO + 3 H2O, will be :
2 2
(A) K1 K 33 /K2 (B) K2 K 33 /K1 (C) K2 K3 /K1 (D) K 32 K3/K1

24. Which of the following conditions will favour maximum formation of the product in the
reaction
A2(g) + B2(g) X2(g) rH = –XkJ? [NEET-2018]
(A) Low temperature and high pressure (B) High temperature and low pressure
(C) High temperature and high pressure (D) Low temperature and low pressure

25. Hydrolysis of sucrose is given by the following reaction.

Sucrose + H2O  Glucose + Fructose
13
If the equilibrium constant (KC) is 2 × 10 at 300 K, the value of rGΘ at the same temperature
will be : [NEET-2020]
–1 –1 13
(A) 8.314 J mol K × 300 K × ln (3 × 10 )
–1 –1 13
(B) – 8.314 J mol K × 300 K × ln (4 × 10 )
–1 –1 13
(C) – 8.314 J mol K × 300 K × ln (2 × 10 )
–1 –1 13
(D) 8.314 J mol K × 300 K × ln (2 × 10 )

26. 3O2 (g) ⇌ 2O3(g)

–59 2
for the above reaction at 298 K, Kc is found to be 3.0 x 10 . If the concentration of O at
equilibrium is 0.040 M then concentration of O3 in M is. [NEET-2022]
–32 –63 31 21
(A) 4.38 x 10 (B) 1.9 x 10 (C) 2.4 x 10 (D) 1.2 x 10

Part # II Previous Year Questions [AIIMS]

1. Of the following which change will shift the reaction towards the product ?
I2(s)  2I(g), H°r (298 K) = + 150 kJ [AIIMS 2004]
(A) Increase in concentration of I2
(B) Decrease in concentration of I2
(C) Increase in temperature
(D) Increase in total pressure

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Chemical Equilibrium

2. For the chemical equilibrium, [AIIMS 2005]

CaCO3(s)  CaO(s) + CO2(g),
H° can be determined from which of the following plots ?

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

3. In which of the following reactions, the concentration of the product is higher than the
concentration of reactant at equilibrium ? (K = equilibrium constant) [AIIMS 2008]
(A) A  B ; K = 0.001 (B) M  N ; K = 10
(C) X  Y ; K = 0.005 (D) R  P ; K = 0.01

4. Two moles of each reactant A and B are taken in a reaction flask. They react in the following
manner, A (g) + B (g)  C (g) + D (g)
At equilibrium, it was found that the concentration of C is triple to that B. The equilibrium
constant for the reaction is : [AIIMS 2009]
1
(A) 4.5 (B) 6 (C) 9 (D)
6

5. The following equilibria are given [AIIMS 2010,2012]

(I) N2 + 3H2  2NH3; K1
(II) N2 + O2  2NO; K2
(III) H2 + O2  H2O; K3
The equilibrium constant for the reaction,
5
2NH3 + O  2NO + 3H2O
2 2
in terms of K1, K2 and K3 will be :
K1K 2 K 1K 32 K 2K 33
(A) K1 K2 K3 (B) (C) (D)
K3 K2 K1

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Chemical Equilibrium

6. Steam reacts with iron at high temperature to give hydrogen gas and Fe3O4(s). The correct
expression for the equilibrium constant is [AIIMS 2013]
pH2 2 (PH2 )4 (PH2 )4 [Fe3 O 4 ] [Fe3 O 4 ]
(A) 2
(B) 4
(C) 4
(D)
p H2O (PH2 O ) (PH2 O ) [Fe] [Fe]

7. Which of the following equilibria will shift to right side on increasing the temperature ?
[AIIMS 2014]
(A) CO(g) + H2O(g)  CO2(g) + H2(g) (B) 2SO2(g) + O2(g)  2SO3(g)
(C) H2O(g)  ½O2(g) + H2(g) (D) 4HCl(g) + O2(g)  2Cl2(g) + 2H2O(g)

8. 'a' moles of PCl5 are heated in a closed container to equilibriate : [AIIMS 2015]
PCl5(g)  PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) at a pressure of p atm. If x moles of PCl5 dissociate at equilibrium,
then :
1 1 1
2 2 2
x K  x Kp x  K  x K p
(A) =  p  (B) = (C) =  p  (D) =  p 
a  p  a Kp  p a  Kp  p  a  Kp 

9. Consider the reaction equilibrium : [AIIMS 2015]

Ice  Water  x kcal
 Greater volume   Lesserer volume

The favourable conditions for forward reaction are :

(A) low temperature, high pressure and excess of ice
(B) low temperature, low pressure and excess of ice
(C) high temperature, low pressure and excess of ice
(D) high temperature, high pressure and excess of ice

10. One mole of a compound react with one mole of a compound CD according to the equation
AB(g) + CD(g)  AD(g) + CB(g) : [AIIMS 2016]
when equilibrium had been established it was found that 3/4 mole each of reactants AB and
CD had been converted to AD and CB. There is no change in volume. The equilibrium
constant for the reaction is :
(A) 6/15 (B) 1/9 (C) 19/5 (D) 9

3
11. Density of equilibrium mixture of N2O4 and NO2 at 1 atm and 384 K is 1.84 g/dm .
Equilibrium constant of the following reaction is : [AIIMS 2016]
N2O4  2NO2
(A) 1.98 atm (B) 2.09 atm (C) 2.36 atm (D) 1.48 atm

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Chemical Equilibrium

12. For the reaction

H2(g) + CO2(g)  CO(g) + H2O(g), If the initial concentration of [H2] = [CO2] and x mol/L of
hydrogen is consumed at equilibrium, the correct expression of kp is [AIIMS 2017]

(A)
x2
(B)
x2
(C)
x2
(D)
1  x 
2

2 2
1  x  2  x  1– x 3 1  x 
2

13. For the reaction, [AIIMS 2017]

A2(g) + 4B2(g)  2AB4(g), H < 0, the formation of AB4 will be favoured at
(A) Low temperature, high pressure (B) High temperature, low pressure
(C) Low temperature, low pressure (D) High temperature, high pressure

14. 2ICl  I2 + Cl2 KC = 0.14 [AIIMS 2018]

Initial concentration of ICl is 0.6 M
then equilibrium concentration of I2 is :
(A) 0.37M (B) 0.128 M (C) 0.224 M (D) 0.748 M

15. A + 2 B  2C K=? [AIIMS 2018]

2 mole each A and B present in 10 lt so that C form is 1 mole, Calculate KC
(A) 1.5 (B) 6.67 (C) 0.15 (D) 2.3

16. CaCO3(s)  CaO(s) + CO2(g) at const Temp, the pressure will increase if :
[AIIMS 2018]
(A) Vol. of container increase (B) Temperature increases
(C) Concentration of CaO increases. (D) Concentration of CaCO3 increases.

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Chemical Equilibrium

ANSWER KEY

EXERCISE - 1
1. (B) 2. (A) 3. (A) 4. (B) 5. (C) 6. (C) 7. (D)
8. (B) 9. (C) 10. (C) 11. (D) 12. (A) 13. (B) 14. (B)
15. (A) 16. (C) 17. (C) 18. (B) 19. (A) 20. (D) 21. (B)
22. (A) 23. (C) 24. (B) 25. (A) 26. (D) 27. (C) 28. (B)
29. (C) 30. (C) 31. (A) 32. (D) 33. (D) 34. (A) 35. (B)
36. (B) 37. (A) 38. (B) 39. (A) 40. (A) 41. (B) 42. (B)
43. (C) 44. (A) 45. (A) 46. (A) 47. (A) 48. (C) 49. (D)
50. (B) 51. (B) 52. (C) 53. (A) 54. (D) 55. (A) 56. (A)
57. (D) 58. (A) 59. (B) 60. (B) 61. (D) 62. (C) 63. (D)
64. (B)

EXERCISE - 2
1. (D) 2. (C) 3. (C) 4. (C) 5. (B) 6. (B) 7. (C)
8. (A) 9. (D) 10. (D) 11. (B) 12. (D) 13. (A) 14. (A)
15. (B) 16. (A) 17. (C) 18. (A) 19. (B) 20. (B) 21. (C)
22. (A) 23. (A) 24. (B) 25. (A) 26. (D) 27. (B) 28. (B)
29. (B) 30. (B) 31. (B) 32. (B) 33. (C)

EXERCISE - 3
PART-I
1. (C) 2. (B) 3. (C) 4. (B) 5. (C) 6. (D) 7. (C)
8. (B) 9. (B) 10. (C) 11. (C) 12. (B) 13. (D) 14. (B)
15. (D) 16. (C) 17. (C) 18. (D) 19. (A) 20. (B) 21. (B)
22. (A) 23. (B) 24. (A) 25. (C) 26. (A)

PART - II
1. (C) 2. (A) 3. (B) 4. (C) 5. (D) 6. (B) 7. (C)
8. (C) 9. (D) 10. (D) 11. (B) 12. (A) 13. (A) 14. (B)
15. (B) 16. (B)

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