V Class X (AI)
Unit – 3 ICT Skills – II
Q.1 Define the term ICT.
Ans:- ICT stands for Information and Communication Technology. It is a set of
digital technology including computer hardware, software, and networking for
storing, managing, and communicating information.
Q.2 What is System Software?
Ans: System software is a computer program designed to run a computer's
hardware and application programs. If we consider the computer system a
layered model, the system software is the interface between the hardware and
user applications. Example: Operating System. Translator
Q.3 What is Application Software?
Ans: Application software is a set of programs that helps programmers to
perform a specific task. It can be installed on a computer or mobile device
depending on the need of the user. Example: - MS Word, Tally, etc.
Q.4 What is Utility Software?
Ans: Utility software does housekeeping functions like backing up disks or
scanning/ cleaning viruses or arranging information etc. They ensure the smooth
functioning of the computer.
Q.5 What is an operating System? Write any four functions of the
operating system.
Ans:- Operating system (OS) is system software that is compulsory for the
computer. It works as an interface between the user and the hardware.
Examples: Windows 10, DOS, Linux, and Unix.
Some important functions of the operating system are:-
1. It manages the software of the computer.
2. It decides which process gets the processor time for execution, when, and
for how much time.
3. It manages the computer memory and keeps track of the memory in use
and free so that it is available to the user whenever needed.
4. A login and password facility prevents unauthorized access to programs
and data.
Q.6 What is the difference between a file and a folder?
Ans:-
File Folder
1. A file is a collection of related 1. A folder is a container that
information. holds related files and other
2. A file cannot contain other files. sub-folders.
Example:- text files, jpeg image files 2. A folder can contain other
etc. folders.
Q.7 List different ways to protect your data on the computer?
Ans:
1. Back up your data. ...
2. Use strong passwords. ...
3. Be wary of suspicious emails. ...
4. Install anti-virus and malware protection. ...
5. Keep your antivirus software updated.
Q.8 Explain different types of operating systems.
Ans: Different types of Operating Systems are: -
1. Real-Time Operating System: -
In this type of operating system, the response time plays a very important
role. Each job assigned to the computer has to be prioritised and
processed within time constraints otherwise the system is considered a
failure and processed data will lose its importance. Examples are: - RT
Linux and Lynx.
2. Distributed Operating System: -
In this type of operating system, a set of computers located at different
geographical area are interconnected through a network. The data and
input and storage is managed by one set of computer and processing is
handled by another set of computer. Examples are:- UNIX and LINUX
3. Single User, Single Task Operating System :-
This type of operating system allows only one user to do only one task at
a time on the computer. Examples are:- DOS, Windows 3.1 etc.
4. Single User, Multi-Tasking Operating System: -
This type of operating system allows only one user to do only multiple
tasks at a at time on the computer. Examples are:- Microsoft Windows 95
and Macintosh OS.
5. Multiuser Operating System: -
This type of operating system allows multiple users to use the same
computer at the same time. Examples are:- Windows 2000 onwards,
Linux, Unix etc.
6. Network Operating System:- It is installed on the server to manage
multiple task given by multiple users connected through the network. It
provides strong security features by login ids and password facility that
are accessed through different terminals meant only for different users
located at different locations. Examples are:- Microsoft Windows Server
2008, UNIX, Linux etc.
7. Character User Operating System: - It allows a user to access a
computer by giving text-based commands. These commands are entered
one at a time to get the work done by the computer. It is a time-
consuming process and has been replaced by a graphical user interface.
Examples are:- DOS, Windows command prompts.
8. Graphical User Operating System: - A graphical user interface
supports a user-friendly graphical environment where the work is done by
using mouse clicks. The user does not have to remember big text-based
commands to get the work done. Example are:- Windows operating
system and Mac OS etc.
Q.9 What do you mean by Disk Defragmentation?
Ans:- Disk defragmentation removes all unnecessary information that slows
down the computer. It should be done at regular intervals which helps the disc
space to be used at an optimal level.
Q.10 Write any four steps to clean Computer Components.
Ans:-
There are some steps to clean computer components: -
1. Keep the computer and the area around it dust-free by dusting it with soft, dry
cloth at least once a week.
2. Always use keyboard to clean and dry hands.
3. Avoid eating or drinking while working on computer.
4. Avoid smoking or heat around the computers.
Q.11 What is Cookies?
Ans:- Cookies are small files of information that a web server generates and sends to a web
browser. Cookies also store information such as shopping cart contents, registration or login
credentials, and user preferences. This is done so that when users revisit sites, any
information that was provided in a previous session or any set preferences can be easily
retrieved.
