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Biology Scheme

The document outlines a comprehensive list of topics in biology, categorized into various sections such as body systems, classification of living things, ecology, sense organs, homeostasis, variation, and evolution. Each section includes subtopics that delve into specific concepts, such as cellular structures, respiration, nutrition, reproduction, and ecological relationships. Additionally, it mentions important theories of evolution and processes like nitrogen fixation.

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132 views7 pages

Biology Scheme

The document outlines a comprehensive list of topics in biology, categorized into various sections such as body systems, classification of living things, ecology, sense organs, homeostasis, variation, and evolution. Each section includes subtopics that delve into specific concepts, such as cellular structures, respiration, nutrition, reproduction, and ecological relationships. Additionally, it mentions important theories of evolution and processes like nitrogen fixation.

Uploaded by

blessinge6543
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

LIST OF TOPICS IN BIOLOGY.

1. BODY SYSTEMS.

a. Cells, tissues, organs and systems:


Plant and animal cells
Cell and its organelles
Cell and its environment
Cell organelles and their functions
MRNIGERCAD

b. Movement:
Movement structures in cells

c. Respiration/ Respiratory system:


Cellular respiration; Glycolysis and Kreb’s cycle
Structure and function of the lungs
Breathing and respiration; meaning and activities
Gaseous exchange in flowering plants

d. Nutrition/ Digestive system:


Nutrition in animals; autotrophic and heterotrophic
Nutrition in plants; photosynthesis
Foods of different species and digestive tract.
Carbohydrate
Monosaccharides
Polysaccharides
Digestion of carbs
Proteins
Digestion of proteins
Vitamins
Digestion of vitamins
Minerals
Digestion of minerals
Water
Essential qualities of water

e. Irritability or sensitivity/ Nervous system:


Cell’s reaction to environment
Mammalian brain and spinal cord
Neurone

f. Growth:
Growth in plants
Mechanism behind growth(splitting of cells)
Mitosis

g. Excretion/ Excretory system:


Digestive system in man, birds and cockroach
Excretory organelles and organs
Excretion in mammals(kidney)
Excretion in plants

h. Reproduction/ Reproductive system:


Asexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction
Meiosis
Reproduction in mammals:
Metamorphosis
Reproduction in flowering plants:
Classification of fruits
Placentation of fruits
Dispersal of fruits
Reproduction in specific animals; spirogyra, cockroach,
euglena, e.t.c

I. Competition

j. Adaptation:
Adaptation for survival in animals
Adaptation for survival in plants: xerophytes, etc
Social animals; bees and termites

k. Death

l. Circulatory system or transport system:


Structure and function of the mammalian heart
Transport in higher plants

m. Skeletal or support system:


Tissues, bones and cartilages
Axial and appendicular skeleton
The structure and function of the human skeleton
Supporting system in plants

n. Coordination and control/ hormonal system:


Hormones

2. CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS.

a. Monerans

b. Protists

c. Fungi

d. Plants

i. Photosynthesis
ii. Types of plants (e.g epiphytes, thallophytes, bryophytes)

iii. Parts and functions of plants.

e. Animals
Parasites

3. ECOLOGY I
a. Ecology; definition and terms used

b. Biomes in Nigeria

c. Ecological association; mutualism, parasitism, etc

d. Measurement of ecological factors

e. Agricultural science and ecology

f. Food chain and food web

g. Conservation of natural resources.

h. Micro-organisms

4. ECOLOGY II
a. Types of habitats:
Aquatic habitat
Marine habitat
Estuarine habitat
Fresh water habitat
Terrestial habitat:
Marshes and swamps
Rainforest
Savanna or grasslands
Deserts or arid lands
b. Succession

c. Overcrowding

d. Factors affecting population size

e. Equilibrium in ecosystem:
Birth and death rates
Birth control

5. SENSE ORGANS:
a. The ear

b. The eye

c. The tongue

d. The nose

e. The skin

6. HOMEOSTASIS
a. The kidney

b. The liver
c. The skin

d. The endocrine glands

7. VARIATION
a. Types of variation

b. Blood groups

c. Heredity

8. EVOLUTION
a. Lamarck’s theory

b. Darwin’s theory

*Nitrogen fixation

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