f-Block (JEE Main Pattern)

SECTION–A : (Maximum Marks : 80)

 This section contains TWENTY questions.
  Each question has FOUR options (1), (2), (3) and (4). ONLY ONE of these four options is correct.
  For each question, darken the bubble corresponding to the correct option in the ORS.
  For each question, marks will be awarded in one of the following categories :
Full Marks : +4, if only the bubble corresponding to the correct option is darkened.
Zero Marks : 0, if none of the bubbles is darkened.
Negative Marks : –1 in all other cases
1. Consider the following statements.
(I) La(OH)3 is the least basic among hydroxides of lanthanides.
(II) Zr 4+ and Hf 4+ possess almost the same ionic radii
(III) Ce4+ can act as an oxidizing agent
Which of the above is incorrect
(1) (I) and (III)
(2) (II) and (III)
(3) (I) and (II)
(4) (I) only

2. Which lanthanide compound is used as a pigment ?

(1) CeO2
(2) Ce(OH)3
(3) Lu(OH)3
(4) Tb(OH)3

3. Which of the following has got incompletely filled f – subshell ?

(1) Gadolinium
(2) Lutetium
(3) Lawrencium
(4) Tantalum

4. Lanthanide contraction is due to increase in

(1) shielding by 4f-electrons
(2) atomic number
(3) effective nuclear charge
(4) size of 4f - orbitals

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f-Block JEE Main Pattern

5. The point of dissimilarity between lanthanides and actinides is

(1) three outermost shells are partially filled
(2) they show oxidation state of +3 (common)
(3) they are called inner transition elements
(4) they are radioactive in nature

6. Most common oxidation states of Ce (cerium) are

(1) +3, +4
(2) +2, +3
(3) +2, +4
(4) +3, +5

7. The most stable oxidation state of Lanthanides is

(1) +2
(2) +4
(3) 0
(4) +3

8. The correct order of ionic radii of Y 3+ , La3+ , Eu3+ and Lu3+ is.
(1) Y 3 < La3 < Eu3 < Lu3+
(2) Lu3+ < Eu3+ < La3+ < Y 3+
(3) La3 + < Eu3 + < Lu3 + < Y 3+
(4) Y 3+ < Lu3+ < Eu3+ < La3+

9. Which one of the following exist in the oxidation state other than +3 ?
(1) B
(2) Al
(3) Ce
(4) Ga

10. The lanthanide contraction is responsible for the fact that

(1) Zr and Zn have the same oxidation state
(2) Zr and Hf have about the same radius
(3) Zr and Nb have similar oxidation state
(4) Zr and Y have about the same radius

11. Cerium (Z = 58) is an important member of the lanthanides. Which of the following statements
about cerium is incorrect ?
(1) The common oxidation states of cerium are +3 and +4
(2) The +3 oxidation state of cerium is more stable than the +4 oxidation state
(3) The +4 oxidation state of cerium is not known in solutions
(4) Cerium (IV) acts as an oxidizing agent

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f-Block JEE Main Pattern

12. Lanthanides are

(1) 14 elements in the sixth period (atomic number = 90 to 103) that are filling 4f sub – level
(2) 14 elements in the seventh period (atomic number = 90 to 103) that are filling 5f sub – level
(3) 14 elements in the sixth period (atomic number = 58 to 71) that are filling 4f sub – level
(4) 14 elements in the seventh period (atomic number = 58 to 71) that are filling 4f sub - level

13. Which belongs to the actinides series ?

(1) Ce
(2) Cf
(3) Ca
(4) Cs

14. Which one of the following pairs of elements is called 'chemical twins' because of their very
similar chemical properties ?
(1) Mn and W
(2) Mo and Tc
(3) Fe and Re
(4) Hf and Zr

15. Which of the following lanthanide is commonly used ?

(1) Lanthanum
(2) Nobelium
(3) Thorium
(4) Cerium

16. The stability of particular oxidation state of a metal in aqueous solution is determined by
(1) Enthalpy of sublimation of the metal
(2) Ionization energy
(3) Enthalpy of hydration of the metal ion
(4) All of these

17. In the lanthanide series, the basicity of the lanthanide hydroxides

(1) Increases
(2) Decreases
(3) First increase and then decrease
(4) First decrease and then increases

18. The reason for the stability of Gd3+ ion is

(1) 4ƒ subshell — half filled
(2) 4ƒ subshell — completely filled
(3) Possesses the general electronic configuration of noble gases
(4) 4ƒ subshell empty

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f-Block JEE Main Pattern

19. The radius of La3+ is 1.06Å, which of the following given values will be closest to the radius
of Lu3+ (At no. of Lu = 71, La = 57)-
(1) 1.6 Å (2) 1.4 Å (3) 1.06 Å (4) 0.85 Å

20. Lanthanide contraction is caused due to

(1) the same effective nuclear charge from Ce to Lu
(2) the imperfect shielding on outer electrons by 4f electrons from the nuclear charge
(3) the appreciable shielding on outer electrons by 4f electrons from the nuclear charge
(4) the appreciable shielding on outer electrons by 5d electrons from the nuclear charge

SECTION-B : (Maximum Marks: 20)

 This section contains TEN Questions. Attempt any five Questions. First five Questions Attempt will
be considered for marking.
 The answer to each question is a NUMERICAL VALUE.
 For each question, enter the correct numerical value (If the numerical value has more than
two decimal places, truncate/round-off the value to TWO decimal places; e.g. 6.25, 7.00, –0.33,
–.30, 30.27, –127.30, if answer is 11.36777..... then both 11.36 and 11.37 will be correct).
 Answer to each question will be evaluated according to the following marking scheme:
Full Marks : +4, if ONLY the correct numerical value is entered as answer.
Zero Marks : 0 in all other cases.

1. The electronic configuration of thorium is 5f 0 6dx 7s y find the value of Sum of 'x' and 'y'

2. What will be the value of magnetic moment of Pa3+ ion (Proactenium) (mark your answer
rounding of to nearest integer. (for example if your answer is 2.4 mark it 2 and if it is 2.6 mark 3)

3. How many lanthanide is/are Radioactive

4. Most Common oxidation state of Lanthanide.

5. Which of the lanthanide have 4f 7 configuration in their grounds state.

6. Which of the Actinides have 4f 14 Configuration in their ground state.

7. Among the known Actinides, how many actinides are classfied as natural elements.

8. The number of radioactive elements among lanthanides and actinide is/are.

(Fill your answer as sum of digits till you get the single digit answer)

9. Determine sum of number of unpaired electrons in following species La+3 , Gd+3 , Eu+3 , Lu+3
(mark your answer as sum of digits)

10. Which o the following ions are diamagnetic

Tb2+ , Ce4+ , Yb2+ , Lu3+ , Pr 2+ , Nd2+ , Pm+2 , Sm2+ , Gd3+

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f-Block JEE Main Pattern

Answer Key
Q. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
A. 4 1 1 3 4 1 4 4 3 2
Section-A
Q. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
A. 3 3 2 4 4 4 2 1 4 2
Q. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Section-B
A. 4 3 1 3 2 2 3 6 4 3

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f-Block JEE Main Pattern

SOLUTIONS
SECTION–A
1. Ans. (4)
1 1
Basic nature of hydroxide α α
EN Zeff

2. Ans. (1)
Ceria or Cerium oxide, CeO2, a lanthanide compound is used as a pigment.

3. Ans. (1)
Gd → [Xe] 4f 7 5d1 6S 2

Lu → [Xe] 4f 14 5d1 6S 2

Lr → [Rn] 4f 14 6d1 7S 2

Ta → [Xe] 5d3 6S 2

4. Ans. (3)
Imperfect shielding of one electron by another in the same subshell is responsible for less
increase in shielding effect.

5. Ans. (4)
Nucleus of actinides are larger as compare to lanthanide. In order to become more stable, the
nucleus of an actinide element undergoes radioactive decay.

6. Ans. (1)
Ce3+ → Common oxidation state of lanthanides.
Ce4+ → Extra stability of inert gas electronic configuration 54(Xe).

7. Ans. (4)
All lanthanides show an oxidation state of +3.

8. Ans. (4)
IR α no. of shell
Y 3+ < Lu3+ , Eu3+ and La3+
1
IR α
Zeff
Lu < Eu3+ < La3+
3+

9. Ans. (3)
Ce3+ → Common oxidation state of lanthanides.
Ce4+ → Extra stability of inert gas electronic configuration.

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f-Block JEE Main Pattern

10. Ans. (2)

The cumulative effect of the lanthanide contraction, causes the radii of the members of the
third transition series to be very similar to those of the corresponding members of the second
series.

11. Ans. (3)

Ce4+ → extra stability of inert gas electronic configuration.

12. Ans. (3)

Lanthanide are the fourteen elements following lanthanum.

13. Ans. (2)

Th, Pa, Np, Pu, Am, Cm, Bk, Cf, Es, Fm, Md, No, Lr

14. Ans. (4)

The cumulative effect of the lanthanide contraction causes the radii of the members of the third
transition series to be very similar to those of the corresponding members of the second series.
The almost identical radii of Zr and Hf is a consequence of this. And also account for their
occurance together.

15. Ans. (4)

Ce(IV) → is a good analytical agent

16. Ans. (4)

Stability of any ion in aqueous solution depends on value of standard electrode potential and
value of standard electrode is decided potential by these three factors.

17. Ans. (2)

1 1
Basic nature of hydroxide α α
EN of element Zeff

18. Ans. (1)

64Gd →54 [Xe] 4f 7 5d1 6S 2
Gd3+ →54 [Xe]4f 7 5d0 6S 0

19. Ans. (4)

Lanthanide contraction is responsible for overall decrease in atomic and ionic radii from
lanthanum to lutetium.

20. Ans. (2)

Imperfect shielding of one electron by another in the same subshell is responsible for less
increase in shielding effect.

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f-Block JEE Main Pattern

SECTION-B
1. Ans. (4)
5f 0 6d2 7s2

2. Ans. (3)
Pa ∶ 5f 2 6d1 7s 2
Pa+3 : 5f 2
Unpaired electron = 2
μ = √2(2 + ) = 2.8 BM. ≃ 3

3. Ans. (1)
Pm(Promethium)

4. Ans. (3)
In general, all the lanthanide attains '+3' oxidation state.

5. Ans. (2)
Europium (Eu) → 4f 7 5d0 6s 2
Gadolinium (Gd) → 4f 7 5d1 6s2

6. Ans. (2)
Nobelium (No) → 5f 14 6d0 7s2
Lawrencium (Lr) → 5f 14 6d1 7s2

7. Ans. (3)
Th → Thorium
Pa → Protactinium
U → Uranium

8. Ans. 6
15element are radioactive elements.

9. Ans. (4)
13 unp
La+3 : 0
Gd+3 : 7
Eu+3 : 6
Lu+3 : 0

10. Ans. (3)

Ce4+ , Yb2+ , Lu3+

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f-Block JEE Main PYQs
1. Arrange Ce3+ , La3+ , Pm3+ and Yb3+ in increasing order of their ionic radius -
(1) Yb3+ < Pm3+ < Ce3+ < La3+
(2) Ce3+ > Yb3+ < Pm3+ < La3+
(3) Yb3+ > Pm3 < La3 < Ce3
(4) Pm3+ < La3+ < Ce3+ > Yb3+
[AIEEE-2002]

2. Most common oxidation states shown by cerium are :

(1) +2, +4
(2) +3, +4
(3) +3, +5
(4) +2, +3
[AIEEE-2002]

3. A reduction in atomic size with increase in atomic number is a characteristic of elements of :

(1) f-Block
(2) Radioactive series
(3) High atomic masses
(4) d-Block
[AIEEE-2003]

4. The radius of La3+ is 1.06Å, which of the following given values will be closest to the radius
of Lu3+ (At no. of Lu = 71, La = 57)-
(1) 1.6 Å
(2) 1.4 Å
(3) 1.06 Å
(4) 0.85 Å
[AIEEE-2003]

5. Cerium (Z = 58) is an important member of the lanthanide. Which of the following statements
about cerium is INCORRECT -
(1) Cerium (IV) acts as an oxidising agent
(2) The +3 oxidation state of cerium is more stable than the +4 oxidation state
(3) The +4 oxidation state of cerium is not known in solutions
(4) The common oxidation states of cerium are +3 and +4
[AIEEE-2004]

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f-Block JEE Main PYQs

6. The lanthanide contraction is responsible for the fact that -

(1) Zr and Y have about the same radius
(2) Zr and Nb have similar oxidation state
(3) Zr and Hf have about the same radius
(4) Zr and Zn have similar oxidation state
[AIEEE-2005]

7. Lanthanide contraction is caused due to

(1) the same effective nuclear charge from Ce to Lu
(2) the imperfect shielding on outer electrons by 4f electrons from the nuclear charge
(3) the appreciable shielding on outer electrons by 4f electrons from the nuclear charge
(4) the appreciable shielding on outer electrons by 5d electrons from the nuclear charge
[AIEEE-2006]

8. Identify the INCORRECT statement among the following-

(1) d-block elements show irregular and erratic chemical properties among themselves
(2) La and Lu have partially filled d-orbitals and no other partially filled orbitals
(3) The chemistry of various lanthanide is very similar
(4) 4f and 5f-orbitals are equally shielded
[AIEEE-2007]

9. The actinide exhibits more number of oxidation states in general than the lanthanoids. This is
because -
(1) The 5f-orbitals are more buried than the 4f-orbitals
(2) There is a similarity between 4f-and-5f in the their angular part of the wave function
(3) The actinide are more reactive than the lanthanide
(4) The 5f-orbitals extend further from the nucleus than the 4f-orbitals
[AIEEE-2007]

10. Larger number of oxidation states are exhibited by the actinide than those by the lanthanide, the
main reason being
(1) 4f orbitals more diffused than the 5f orbitals
(2) lesser energy difference between 5f and 6d than between 4f and 5d orbitals
(3) more energy difference between 5f and 6d than between 4f and 5d orbitals
(4) more reactive nature of the actinides than the lanthanides
[AIEEE-2008]

11. Knowing that the chemistry of lanthanide (Ln) is dominated by its +3 oxidation state, which of
the following statements is INCORRECT ?
(1) Ln(III) compounds are generally colourless
(2) Ln(III) hydroxides are mainly basic in character
(3) Because of the large size of the Ln(III) ions the bonding in its compounds is predominantly
ionic in character
(4) The ionic sizes of Ln(III) decrease in general with increasing atomic number
[AIEEE-2009]

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f-Block JEE Main PYQs

12. In context of the lanthanide, which of the following statements is NOT CORRECT ?
(1) Because of similar properties the separation of lanthanide is not easy
(2) Availability of 4f electrons results in the formation of compounds in +4 state for all the
members of the series
(3) There is a gradual decrease in the radii of the members with increasing atomic number in the
series
(4) All the members exhibit +3 oxidation state
[AIEEE-2011]

13. Which of the following forms stable +4 oxidation state ?

(1) La(Z = 57)
(2) Eu(Z = 63)
(3) Gd(Z = 64)
(4) Ce(Z = 58)
[Jee-Main 2012, Online]

14. The number of unpaired electrons in Gadolinium [Z = 64] is :-

(1) 2
(2) 6
(3) 8
(4) 3
[Jee-Main 2012, Online]

15. The lanthanide ion that would show colour is-

(1) Sm3+
(2) La3+
(3) Lu3+
(4) Gd3+
[Jee-Main 2019, Online]

16. The highest possible oxidation states of uranium and plutonium, respectively, are :-
(1) 6 and 4
(2) 7 and 6
(3) 4 and 6
(4) 6 and 7
[Jee-Main 2019, Online]

17. The correct order of atomic radii is :

(1) Ce > Eu > Ho > N
(2) N > Ce > Eu > Ho
(3) Eu > Ce > Ho > N
(4) Ho > N > Eu > Ce
[Jee-Main 2019, Online]

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f-Block JEE Main PYQs

18. The maximum number of possible oxidation states of actinides are shown by
(1) berkelium (Bk) and californium (Cf)
(2) nobelium (No) and lawrencium (Lr)
(3) actinium (Ac) and thorium (Th)
(4) neptunium (Np) and plutonium (Pu)
[Jee-Main 2020, Online]

19. The electronic configurations of bivalent europium and trivalent cerium are
(atomic number : Xe = 54, Ce = 58, Eu = 63)
(1) [Xe] 4f 4 and [Xe] 4f 9
(2) [Xe] 4f 7 and [Xe] 4f 1
(3) [Xe] 4f 7 6s2 and [Xe] 4f 2 6s2
(4) [Xe] 4f 2 and [Xe] 4f 7
[Jee-Main 2020, Online]

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f-Block JEE Main PYQs

Answer Key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Answer 1 2 1 4 3 3 2 4 4 2
Question 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
Answer 1 2 4 3 1 4 3 4 2

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f-Block JEE Main PYQs

SOLUTIONS
1. Ans. (1)
1
Ionic radius α
Zeff
La3+ Ce3+ Pm3+ Yb3+
———————————————→
Zeff- increases
I.R - decreases

2. Ans. (2)
Ce3+ → Common oxidation state of lanthanides.
Ce4+ → Extra stability of inert gas electronic configuration 54(Xe).

3. Ans. (1)
The overall decrease in atomic and ionic radii from lanthanum to lutetium in lanthanides is
attributed to the imperfect shielding of one electron by another in the same subshell.

4. Ans. (4)
Lanthanide contraction is responsible for overall decrease in atomic and ionic radii from
lanthanum to lutetium.

5. Ans. (3)
Ce4+ → Extra stability of inert gas electronic configuration.

6. Ans. (3)
The cumulative effect of lanthanide contraction, causes the radii of the members of the third
transition series to be very similar to those of the corresponding members of the second series.

7. Ans. (2)
Imperfect shielding of one electron by another in the same subshell is responsible for less
increase in shielding effect.

8. Ans. (4)
5f orbitals will be more shielded as more electron will be in between of 5f orbital and nucleus.

9. Ans. (4)
It is attributed to the fact that 5f, 6d and 7s levels are of comparable energies.

10. Ans. (2)

It is attributed to the fact that 5f, 6d and 7s levels are of comparable energies.

11. Ans. (1)

Many trivalent lanthanide ions are coloured both in the solid state and in aqueous solution.
Colour of these ions may be attributed to the presence of f electrons.

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f-Block JEE Main PYQs

12. Ans. (2)

In the lanthanide Ln (III) compounds are predominant species. Some elements can exhibit +4
oxidation state due to extra stability of empty,half filled and filled subshell.
Ex. Ce4+ ,Tb4+

13. Ans. (4)

Ce+4 → 56 [Xe]
Extra stability of inert gas electronic configuration.

14. Ans. (3)

64Gd →54 [Xe] 4f 7 5d1 6S 2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

15. Ans. (1)

Sm3+ → [Xe] 4f 5 5d0 6S 0 → f − f transition is possible
La3+ → [Xe] 4f 0 5d0 6S 0
La3+ → [Xe] 4f 14 5d0 6S 0
Gd3+ → [Xe] 4f 7 5d0 6S 0

16. Ans. (4)

U → +3 +4 +5 +6
Pu → +3 +4 +5 +6 +7

17. Ans. (3)

Eu > Ce > Ho > N
199 pm weak metallic bond 187 pm Zeff. 176 pm shell 70 pm

18. Ans. (4)

Np → +3 + 4 + 5 + 6
Pu → +3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7

19. Ans. (2)

1
58 Ce → 54 [Xe] 4f 5d1 6S 2
3+
58 Ce → 54 [Xe] 4f 1 5d0 6S 0
7
63 Eu → 54 [Xe] 4f 5d0 6S 2
2+
63 Eu →54 [Xe] 4f 7 5d0 6S 0

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Hydrogen and its compounds (JEE Main Pattern)

SECTION–A : (Maximum Marks : 80)

 This section contains TWENTY questions.
 Each question has FOUR options (1), (2), (3) and (4). ONLY ONE of these four options is correct.
 For each question, darken the bubble corresponding to the correct option in the ORS.
 For each question, marks will be awarded in one of the following categories :
Full Marks : +4, if only the bubble corresponding to the correct option is darkened.
Zero Marks : 0, if none of the bubbles is darkened.
Negative Marks : –1 in all other cases
1. When the same amount of zinc is treated separately with excess of sulphuric acid and excess of
sodium hydroxide, the ratio of volumes of hydrogen evolved is :-
(1) 1: 1
(2) 1: 2
(3) 2: 1
(4) 9: 4

2. Ortho and Para hydrogen differ :-

(1) In the number of protons
(2) In the molecular mass
(3) In the nature of spins of protons
(4) In the nature of spins of electrons

3. In Bosch's process which gas is utilised for the production of hydrogen :-

(1) Producer gas
(2) Water gas
(3) Coal gas
(4) Natural gas

4. Water softening by Clark's process uses :-

(1) Calcium bicarbonate
(2) Sodium bicarbonate
(3) Potash alum
(4) Calcium hydroxide

5. Which of the following produces hydrolith with dihydrogen :-

(1) Mg
(2) Al
(3) Cu
(4) Ca

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Hydrogen and its compounds JEE Main Pattern

6. Heavy water (D2O) is :-

(1) A product of oxygen and hydrogen
(2) Ordinary water containing dissolved salts of heavy metals
(3) Water of mineral springs
(4) Water produced by repeated distillation and condensation

7. The ionization energy order for H, H+, H– is

(1) H < H+ < H–
(2) H– > H > H+
(3) H– < H
(4) H+ > H > H–

8. Ortho-hydrogen and para-hydrogen resembles in which of the following property :-

(1) Thermal conductivity
(2) Magnetic properties
(3) Chemical properties
(4) Heat capacity

9. Ionic hydrides are formed by :-

(1) Transition metals
(2) Elements of very high electro positivity
(3) Elements of very low electro positivity
(4) Metalloids

10. Acidified solution of K2Cr2O7 on treatment with H2O2 yields :-

(1) CrO3 + H2O + O2
(2) Cr2O2 + H2O + O2
(3) CrO5 + H2O + K2SO4
(4) H2Cr2O7 + H2O + O2

11. H2O2 restores the colour of old lead paintings, blackened by the action of H2S gas by :-
(1) Converting PbO2 to Pb
(2) By oxidising PbS to PbSO4
(3) Converting PbCO3 to Pb
(4) Oxidising PbSO3 to PbSO4

12. Consider the following statements :

I. Atomic hydrogen is obtained by passing hydrogen through an electric arc.
II. Hydrogen gas will not reduce heated aluminium oxide.
III. Finely divided palladium absorbs large volume of hydrogen gas.
Which of the above statements is/are correct :-
(1) I alone
(2) II alone
(3) I, II and III
(4) II, III

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Hydrogen and its compounds JEE Main Pattern

13. At absolute zero :-

(1) Only para hydrogen exists
(2) Only ortho hydrogen exists
(3) Both para and ortho hydrogen exist
(4) None

14. The reaction, H2S + H2O2 → S+ 2H2O manifests:

(1) Acidic nature of H2O2
(2) Alkaline nature of H2O2
(3) Oxidising nature of H2O2
(4) Reducing nature of H2O2

15. Heavy water has found application in atomic reactor as :-

(1) Coolant
(2) Moderator
(3) Both coolant and moderator
(4) Neither coolant nor moderator

16. Hydrogen peroxide works as :-

(1) An oxidant only
(2) A reductant only
(3) An acid only
(4) An oxidant, a reductant, and an acid

17. When zeolite (hydrated sodium aluminium silicate) is treated with hard water, the sodium ions
are exchanged with :-
(1) H+ ions
(2) Ca2+ ions
(3) ions
(4) OH– ions

18. The hardness of water is due to..........metal ions

(1) Ca2+ and Na+
(2) Mg2+ and K+
(3) Ca2+ and Mg2+
(4) Zn2+ and Ba2+

19. The formula of heavy water is :-

(1) H2O18
(2) D2O
(3) T2O
(4) H2O17

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Hydrogen and its compounds JEE Main Pattern

20. Polyphosphates are used as water softening agent because they :-

(1) Form soluble complexes with anionic species
(2) Precipitate anionic species
(3) Form soluble complexes with cationic species
(4) Precipitate cationic species.

SECTION-B : (Maximum Marks: 20)

 This section contains TEN Questions. Attempt any five Questions. First five Questions Attempt
will be considered for marking.
 The answer to each question is a NUMERICAL VALUE.
 For each question, enter the correct numerical value (If the numerical value has more than
two decimal places, truncate/round-off the value to TWO decimal places; e.g. 6.25, 7.00,
–0.33, –.30, 30.27, –127.30, if answer is 11.36777..... then both 11.36 and 11.37 will be correct).
 Answer to each question will be evaluated according to the following marking scheme:
Full Marks : +4, if ONLY the correct numerical value is entered as answer.
Zero Marks : 0 in all other cases

1. Find out the sum of protons, electrons and neutrons in the heaviest isotope of hydrogen .

2. Find out the number of following orders which are correct against the mentioned properties :
(i) H2 < D2 < T2 (Number of protons)
(ii) H2 < D2 (Bond energy)
(iii) H2 < D2 < T2 (Boiling point)
(iv) H2 < D2 < T2 (No. of neutrons)

3. How many of these reagents behave as reducing agent with H2O2 ?

S−2 ,SO3−2 , Cl2 ,BaSO4 ,Cr2O7−2

4. In how many of these process, H2 gas is released ?

(i) Na + H2O →
(ii) CaH2 + H2O →
steam
(iii) CO + H2 Fe2O3/Cr2O3

(iv) Electrolysis of fused NaH

(v) Electrolysis of acidic water
(vi) Cu + H2SO4(dil.) →

5. Mg3N2 + xH2O → 3Mg (OH)2 + 2NH3

PCl5 + yH2O → Oxyacid + 5HCl
CaH2 + zH2O → Ca (OH)2 + 2H2

determine,
(x − z)
y

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Hydrogen and its compounds JEE Main Pattern

6. How many moles of water are required for complete hydrolysis of one mole of calcium
phosphide?

7. How many of the following are saline hydrides?

NaH, MgH2, CaH2, VH0.56, Fe3H, NH3

8. When BaO2 reacts with H2SO4, products (A) and (B) are formed oxidation states of most EN
element in (A) and (B) are x and y determine, |x| + |y|.

9. How many aqueous solution of compounds cause hardness in water?

NaCl, CaCl2, CaSO4, Mg(HCO3)2, CaCO3, Mg(NO3)2

10. How many of the following elements will evolve H2 gas with NaOH?
Mg, Zn, Be, K, Al, Fe

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Hydrogen and its compounds JEE Main Pattern

Answer Key

Q. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
A. 1 3 2 4 4 4 3 3 2 3
Section-A
Q. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
A. 2 3 1 3 3 4 2 3 2 3
Q. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Section-B
A. 4 3 1 5 1 6 2 3 4 3

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Hydrogen and its compounds JEE Main Pattern

SOLUTIONS
SECTION–A
1. Ans. (1)
Zn + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2
Zn + 2NaOH → Na2ZnO2 + H2

2. Ans. (3)
Ortho and para hydrogen differ in the nature of spins of protons

3. Ans. (2)
High Temp.
C + H2O CO + H2
Water gas

CO + H2 + H2O CO2 + 2H2

Water gas steam

4. Ans. (4)
In this method calculated amount of lime is added to hard water

5. Ans. (4)
CaH2 is hydrolith

6. Ans. (4)
Heavy water (D2O) is water produced by repeated distillation and condensation

7. Ans. (3)
Ionization energy is not defined for H+, As there is zero electron in H+.

8. Ans. (3)
Chemical properties of ortho and para hydrogen are same

9. Ans. (2)
Ionic hydrides are stoichiometric compounds of dihydrogen formed with most of the s-block
elements which are highly electropositive in character.

10. Ans. (3)

K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 + 4H2O2 → 2CrO5 + K2SO4 + 5H2O

11. Ans. (2)

PbS(s) + 4H2O2 (aq.) → PbSO4(s) + 4H2O()

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Hydrogen and its compounds JEE Main Pattern

12. Ans. (3)

I. To produce atomic hydrogen, molecular hydrogen is passed through an electric arc struck
between tungsten electrodes at 3773-4273 K.
II. Aluminium oxide cannot be reduced by hydrogen even under very hot conditions because
Al is more reactive than hydrogen.
III. Finely divided palladium absorbs large volume of hydrogen gas due to its large surface
area-

13. Ans. (1)

Only para hydrogen exists at absolute zero

14. Ans. (3)

Here S2- converts into S0 by H2O2 i.e., it is oxidised by H2O2

15. Ans. (3)

Heavy water is extensively used as moderator in nuclear reactors and coolant

16. Ans. (4)

Hydrogen peroxide can work as an oxidant, a reductant and an acid

17. Ans. (2)

NaAlSiO4(s) + M2+(aq.) → M(AlSiO4)2(s) + 2Na+ (aq.)
(M=Mg, Ca)

18. Ans. (3)

Hydrogen carbonate, chloride, and sulphate of Mg2+ and Ca2+ are responsible for hardness of
water

19. Ans. (2)

Heavy water is a form of water that contains only deuterium rather than the common hydrogen

20. Ans. (3)

M2+ + Na4P6O18
2−
→ [Na2MP6O18 ]2− + 2Na+
M →Mg2 + andCa2 +

SECTION–B

1. Ans. (4)
1H3 proton → 1

electron → 1
neutron → 2

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Hydrogen and its compounds JEE Main Pattern

2. Ans. (3)
Boiling point/K
H2 → 20.39
D2 → 23.67
T2 → 25.00

3. Ans. (1)
S2− (s)+ 4H2O2(aq.) → SO24− (s)+ 4H2O( )

4. Ans. (5)
(i) Na + H2O → NaOH + H2
(ii) CaH2 + 2H2O → Ca(OH)2 + H2
C(s) + H2O(g) ⎯⎯⎯
→ CO(g) + H2(g)
1270 K
(iii)
CO(g) + H2(g) + H2O(g) ⎯⎯⎯⎯673K
Fe2O3 /Cr2O3
→ CO2(g) + 2H2(g)

(iv) NaH Na+ + H–

Cathode → Na+ + e– → Na
Anode → H– ⎯⎯
→ H+ + e–
H + H ⎯⎯
→ H2
(v) Electrolysis of acidic water
Cathode : H2
Anode : O2

5. Ans. (1)
Mg3N2 + 6H2O → 3Mg(OH)2 + 2NH3
PCl5 + 4H2O → H3PO4 + 5HCl
CaH2 + 2H2O → Ca(OH)2 + 2H2

6. Ans. (6)
Ca3P2 + 6H2O → 3Ca(OH)2 + 2PH3

7. Ans. (2)
MgH2 and BeH2 are not saline hydrides

8. Ans. (3)
BaO2.8H2O(s) + H2SO4(aq.) → BaSO4(s) + H2O2(aq.) + 8H2O(l )
Ba2+S+6 O2- H+ O-1
(-2) + (-1) = 3

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Hydrogen and its compounds JEE Main Pattern

9. Ans. (4)
Hydrogen carbonate, chloride and sulphate of Mg2+ and Ca2+ are responsible for hardness of
water

10. Ans. (3)

Zn + 2NaOH → Na2ZnO2 + H2
Be + 2NaOH → Na2BeO2 + H2
Al + 2NaOH + H2O → NaAlO2 + H2

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Hydrogen and its compounds JEE Main PYQs

1. Which one of the following processes will produce hard water :-

(1) Saturation of water with CaSO4
(2) Addition of Na2SO4 to water
(3) Saturation of water with CaCO3
(4) Saturation of water with MgCO3
[AIEEE-2003]

2. Very pure hydrogen (99.9%) can be made by which of the following processes?
(1) Reaction of salt like hydrides with water
(2) Reaction of methane with steam
(3) Mixing natural hydrocarbons of high molecular weight
(4) Electrolysis of water
[AIEEE-2012]

3. In which of the following reaction H2O2 acts as a reducing agent

(a) H2O2 + 2H+ + 2e– → 2H2O
(b) H2O2 – 2e– → O2 + 2H+
(c) H2O2 + 2e– → 2OH–
(d) H2O2 + 2OH– – 2e– → O2 + 2H2O
(1) (a), (c)
(2) (b), (d)
(3) (a), (b)
(4) (c), (d)
[JEE(Main)-2014]

4. Which of the following statements about Na2O2 is not correct ?

(1) Na2O2 oxidises Cr3+ to CrO42– in acid medium
(2) It is diamagnetic in nature
(3) It is the super oxide of sodium
(4) It is a derivative of H2O2
[JEE(Main)-2014]

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Hydrogen and it's compounds JEE Main PYQs

5. Hydrogen peroxide acts both as an oxidising and as a reducing agent depending upon the nature
of the reacting species. In which of the following cases H2O2 acts as a reducing agent in acid
medium ? :-
+7
(1) MnO4−
+4
(2) S O32−
+1 −1
(3) K I
+6
(4) Cr2 O72−
[JEE(Main)2014]

6. Permanent hardness in water cannot be cured by :

(1) Treatment with washing soda
(2) Calgon's method
(3) Boiling
(4) Ion exchange method
JEE(Main)Online-2015]

7. From the following statements regarding H2O2, choose the incorrect statement :
(1) It has to be stored in plastic or wax lined glass bottles in dark
(2) It has to be kept away from dust
(3) It can act only as an oxidizing agent
(4) It decomposes on exposure to light
JEE(Main)Online 2015]

8. In which of the following reaction, hydrogen peroxide acts as an oxidizing agent ?

(1) I2 + H2O2 + 2OH– → 2I– + 2H2O + O2
(2) HOCl + H2O2 → H3O+ + Cl– + O2
(3) PbS + 4H2O2 → PbSO4 + 4H2O
(4) 2MnO4– + 3H2O2 → 2MnO2 + 3O2 + 2H2O + 2OH–
JEE(Main)-2017]

9. Hydrogen peroxide oxidises [Fe(CN)6]4– to [Fe(CN)6]3– in acidic medium but reduces [Fe(CN)6]3–
to [Fe(CN)6]4– in alkaline medium. The other products formed are, respectively :
(1) (H2O + O2) and (H2O + OH–)
(2) H2O and (H2O + O2)
(3) H2O and (H2O + OH–)
(4) (H2O + O2) and H2O
JEE(Main) -2018]

10. The chemical nature of hydrogen peroxide is :-

(1) Oxidising and reducing agent in acidic medium, but not in basic medium.
(2) Oxidising and reducing agent in both acidic and basic medium
(3) Reducing agent in basic medium, but not in acidic medium
(4) Oxidising agent in acidic medium, but not in basic medium.
JEE(Main) -2019]

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Hydrogen and it's compounds JEE Main PYQs

11. The total number of isotopes of hydrogen and number of radioactive isotopes among them,
respectively, are :
(1) 2 and 0
(2) 3 and 2
(3) 3 and 1
(4) 2 and 1
JEE(Main) -2019]

12. The correct statements among (a) to (d) regarding H2 as a fuel are :
(a) It produces less pollutant than petrol
(b) A cylinder of compressed dihydrogen weighs more than a petrol tank producing the same
amount of energy
(c) Dihydrogen is stored in tanks of metal alloys like NaNi5
(d) On combustion, values of energy released per gram of liquid dihydrogen and LPG are 50 and
142 kJ, respectively
(1) b and d only
(2) a, b and c only
(3) b, c and d only
(4) a and c only
JEE(Main) -2019]
13. The correct statements among (a) to (d) are:
(a) saline hydrides produce H2 gas when reacted with H2O.
(b) reaction of LiAlH4 with BF3 leads to B2H6.
(c) PH3 and CH4 are electron - rich and electron-precise hydrides, respectively.
(d) HF and CH4 are called as molecular hydrides.
(1) (c) and (d) only
(2) (a), (b) and (c) only
(3) (a), (b), (c) and (d)
(4) (a), (c) and (d) only
JEE(Main) -2019]

14. In comparison to the zeolite process for the removal of permanent hardness, the synthetic resins
method is :
(1) less efficient as it exchanges only anions
(2) more efficient as it can exchange only cations
(3) less efficient as the resins cannot be regenerated
(4) more efficient as it can exchange both cations as well as anions
JEE(Main) -2020]

15. Hydrogen has three isotopes (A), (B) and (C). If the number of neutron(s) in (A), (B) and (C)
respectively, are (x), (y) and (z), the sum of (x), (y) an (z) is :
(1) 4
(2) 3
(3) 2
(4) 1
JEE(Main) -2020]

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Hydrogen and it's compounds JEE Main PYQs

16. Among the statements (a) - (d), the correct ones are -
(a) Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide gives dioxygen
(b) Like hydrogen peroxide, compounds, such as KClO3, Pb(NO3)2 and NaNO3when heated
liberated dioxygen
(c) 2-Ethylanthraquinone is useful for the industrial preparation of hydrogen peroxide.
(d) Hydrogen peroxide is used for the manufacture of sodium perborate
(1) (a), (b) and (c) only
(2) (a) and (c) only
(3) (a), (b), (c) and (d)
(4) (a), (c) and (d) only
JEE(Main) -2020]

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Hydrogen and it's compounds JEE Main PYQs

Answer Key

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Answer 1 4 2 3 1 3 3 3 2 2
Question 11 12 13 14 15 16
Answer 3 2 3 3 2 3

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Hydrogen and it's compounds JEE Main PYQs

Solutions
1. Ans. (1)
Presence of calcium and magnesium salts in the form of hydrogen carbonate chloride and
sulphate in water makes water hard.

2. Ans. (4)
Very pure hydrogen (99.9%) can be made by electrolysis of water H2 gas is obtained at anode.

3. Ans. (2)
+1 −1 +1 −2
(A) H2 O2 + 2H+ + 2e− → 2H2 O
−1 (o)
(B) H2 O2 − 2e− → O 2 + 2H+
+1 −1 −2
(C) H2 O2 + 2e− → 2OH−
+1 −1 −2 o −2
(D) H2 O2 + 2OH− − 2e− → O2 + 2H2 O

4. Ans. (3)
Super oxide of sodium is NaO2.
1
Oxidation state of oxygen = −
2

5. Ans. (1)
+7 −1 o
MnO4− + H2 O2 + H+ → Mn2+ + H2O−2 + O2
H2O2 → H2O + (O)
+6
SO3 + H+ + (O ) → H2 S O4

6. Ans. (3)
Temporary hardness in water is cured by boiling of water

7. Ans. (3)
Hydrogen peroxide acts both as oxidising and as a reducing agent depending upon the nature of
the reacting species

8. Ans. (3)
+2 +2
PbS+ 4H2O2−1 ⎯⎯
→PbSO4−2 + 4H2O−2

9. Ans. (2)
[Fe(CN)6 ]4− + H2O2 + 2H+ →[Fe(CN)6 ]3− + 2H2O
[Fe(CN)6 ]3− + H2O2 + 2OH− →[Fe(CN)6 ]4− + O2 + 2H2O

10. Ans. (2)

H2O2 can act both as oxidising and reducing agent in both acidic and basic medium.

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Hydrogen and it's compounds JEE Main PYQs

11. Ans. (3)

Total number of isotopes of hydrogen = 3 (Protium, Deuterium, Tritium)
Radioactive isotope is tritium

12. Ans. (2)

On combustion values of energy released per gram of liquid dihydrogen and LPG are 142 and
50KJ respectively.

13. Ans. (3)

NaH + H2O → NaOH + H2
LiAlH4 + BF3 → B2H6 + LiF + AlF3
H
.. |
P C
| |
HH H HH H

14. Ans. (3)

The synthetic resins used in this method can not be regenerated. So, new resin is used every time
hence, it is a less effective method.

15. Ans. (2)

Isotopes of Hydrogen : Protium Deuterium Tritium
Number of neutrons : 0 1 2
Sum of neutron in all three isotopes = 3

16. Ans. (3)

(a) 2H2O2 ⎯⎯
→ 2H2O + O2
(b) Pb(NO3)2 → PbO + NO2 + O2
KClO3 → KCl + O2
NaNO3 → NaNO2 + O2
O OH
C2H6 C2H6
(c) + H2
+ H2O2
O2
O OH
(d) H3BO3 + H2O2 + NaOH ⎯⎯
→ Na2 [B2(O2)2 (OH)4]

HO O —O OH
Na2 B B
HO O —O OH

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