CONTEMP.-REVIEWER AK.M 2.
Promoting Human Rights
3.Providing Humanitarian Assistance
In globalized society, we observe a greater flow of 4.Facilitating International Cooperation
capitals, goods, services, and people. This is supported WORLD BANK - These institutions provides loans
by developments and modernization of transport, to middle income countries and even private
communication, and financial services in the world. sectors in developing countries to create markets
and improve local economies.
INTERSTATE SYSTEM INCLUDES OTHER MEMBERS LIKE: the international
System of unequally powerful and competing Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IRDB),
states in which no single state is capable of International Development Association (IDA),
imposing control on all others. These states are in International Finance Corporation (IFC), and
Interactions with one another in a set of shifting Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA).
alliance and wars and changes in relative power of INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND (IMF) - Looks
states upsets any temporary set of alliances, at the stability of the international monetary
leading to a restructuring of the balance of power. system by monitoring global economy, lends to
GLOBAL INSTERSTATE SYSTEM countries , and provides policy and technical
institutional arrangement of governance that advisory functions to members.
addresses regional or globalized issues that go WOLRD TRADE ORGANIZATION - Regulates
beyond the scope of a nation- state. international trades, ensures smooth flow of trade,
STATE and provides a forum for negotiations for trade
An independent political entity with clear agreement among countries and regions of the
geographic boundaries world
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION - Responsible for
ELEMENTS OF THE STATE e.g VATICAN CITY global researchers on medicines and vaccines
PEOPLE - as of 2020 it has the population of 201 including the World Health Report and Survey
people. ORGANIZATION FOR ECONOMIC COOPERATION
TERRITORY - an area outside the boundary of AND DEVELOPMENT ( OECD) - member countries
western rome. aim to stimulate economic progress and world
GOVERNMENT - it is governed by absolute trade by providing a platform to compare policy
monarchy with the pope at its head. experiences and identify good practices in
SOVEREIGNTY domestic and international economic policies
INTERNAL - created in 1929 to provide a territorial INTERNATIONAL LABOR ORGANIZATION - Deals
identity for the holy see in Rome. with the labor problems and international labor
EXTERNAL - state of Vatican city is a recognized standards and social protection for workers.
national territory under international law. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United
Nations (FAO) - to defeat hunger, eliminate food
EFFECTS OF GLOBALIZATION ON GOVERNMENTS insecurity and malnutrition, and increase resilience
POSITIVE of livelihoods and food.
Attract major global investors in the community UNESCO - Contributes to peace and security by
Create more jobs for local people promoting International collaboration through
Economic Growth educational, scientific, and cultural reforms.
Cultural Exchange International Civil Aviation Organization ( ICAO) -
NEGATIVE regulations of International air transport
Loss of Sovereignty Interternational Maritime Organization (IMO) -
Economic Vulnerability Shipping and prevention of pollution at sea
Inequality International Telecommunication Union ( ITU) -
Regulatory Challenges Developing standards on ICT
The World Intellectual Property
INSTITUTIONS THAT GOVERN GLOBALIZATION Organization(WIPO) - International intellectual
UNITED NATION - purposes are to maintain property rights standards
international peace and security, develop friendly
relations among nations, achieve international GLOBALISM - ideology based on the belief that flow of
cooperation, and be a centre for harmonizing the people, goods and in formation should flow freely
actions of nations. across national borders
ROLES: NATIONALISM - defined as political, economic, and
1. Maintaining International Peace cultural cooperation between nations
MARKET INTEGRATION TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATION - provide individual
process by which economies are being more foreign market investment to have their own
interdependent and interconnected in terms of operations.
commodity flows including externalities and
spillover of impacts CONTEMPORARY GLOBAL GOVERNANCE
development are due to increasing market GLOBAL GOVERNANCE- Collective efforts to identify,
integration, which has two kinds: understand, and address worldwide problems that go
Horizontal integration- happens when a firm gains beyond the problem-solving capacities of states.
control of other firms performing similar marketing ROLE OF STATE AMIDST GLOBALIZATION
functions at the same level in the marketing sequence. regulating and overseeing international activities
Vertical integration - happens when one company to ensure fairness, promoting trade and
owns the operations and products from one stage to investment, and protecting domestic interest when
the other along the supply chain. needed.
MARKET - a means by which the exchange of goods and International Organizations - the term is commonly
services takes place as a result of buyers and sellers used to refer to international intergovernmental
being in contact with one Another. organizations or groups that are primarily made up of
member-states.
3 TYPES OF MARKET INTEGRATION POWERS OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
HORIZONTAL INTEGRATION - process of a company 1. have the power of classification.
increasing production of goods or services at the same 2.have the power to fix meanings.
part of the supply chain. 3.have the power to diffuse norms.
E. G Coca-Cola Acquiring Juice Brands. As part of their
Horizontal Integration strategy, Coca-Cola acquired del NON STATE ACTOR- UNITED NATION
Valle in 2007. This was one of the main Mexican juice To develop friendly relations among nations based
companies, with the objective of expanding its on respect for the principle of equal rights and self-
beverage portfolio mainly in Latin America. determination of people.
VERTICAL INTEGRATION - business strategy in which a 5 BRANCHES OF UNITED NATIONS
company controls multiple stages of its production 1. UN General Assembly
process and supply chain, minimizing or eliminating the - Deliberate, policumaking, and representative organ.
need for outside entities. 2. UN security Council
2 TYPES -can authorize the deployment of UN member states’
1. FORWARD INTEGRATION - expanding a company's militaries, can mandate a cease-fire during conflicts,
activities to include the direct distribution of its and can enforce penalties on countries
products. 3. UN International Court of Justice
2. BACKWARD INTEGRATION - company buys another - in accordance with international law, legal disputes y
company that supplies the products or services needed submitted to it by states and to give advisory opinions.
for production. 4. Economic and Social Council
CONGLOMERATION - two businesses in different -principal body for cooperation, policy review, policy
industries merge. dialogue, and recommendation for social and
GLOBAL CORPORATIONS - private institutions that environmental issues.
produce goods and services for a more expanded 5. The Secretariat
market. Usually at the reach of the region of the world. -supports the UN bodies administratively
Major players in globalization and the modern CHALLENGES OF UNITED NATION
capitalist in the market. Not a world government
Modern global corporation Commonly referred to as : If the states refuse to cooperate the influence of
MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS - provide central the UN can be severely circumscribes
decisions
GLOBAL NORTH - may refer to countries that are
geographically in the northern hemisphere or to
countries that are developed.
DEVELOPED SOCIETIES OF EUROPE AND NORTH
AMERICA , CHARACTERISED BY ESTABLISHED
DEMOCRACY , WELATH, TECHNOLOGICAL
ADVANCEMENT, DOMINANCE OF THE WORLD
POLITICS ETC.
GLOBAL SOUTH - may refer to countries that are
geographically in the southern hemisphere or to
countries that are developing.
characterized by low-income, dense population,
poor infrastructure, often political or cultural
marginalization.
Latin America and Africa. These countries lack
resources that are essential for it to develop at the
same rate as others. Unfortunately, countries in
the Global South suffer from poverty, lack of
human rights, and the depletion and abuse of
natural resources.
TWO MAJOR TRADE ORGANIZATION IN THE LATIN
AMERICAS
Pacific Alliance - GOAL: PARTICIPATORY INTEGRATION
FOR FREE MOBILITY IN TRADE
Mercosur - GOAL: COMPETITIVE INTEGRATION OF
NATIONAL ECONOMIES INTO INTERNATIONAL MARKET.
