1 LỚP CHUYÊN ANH MIỄN PHÍ – CHUYÊN ANH TUTORIALS

DAY 4 – GUIDED CLOZE

How well do you sleep?

=Whereas (trong khi, thể hiện sự đối nghịch)
Do you need (1)________ silence to sleep well at night? While some people can sleep through
a great deal of noise, others are woken up by the (2)________ sound. It appears that as we
sleep, our brains produce rapid pulses, or waves, called 'sleep spindles'. Research has
(3)________ that our ability to sleep soundly may (4)________ on the number of sleep spindles
we produce. Research reveals/shows/demonstrates that: nghiên cứu thể hiện rằng
sleep soundly = sleep well relative clause
Scientists conducted a three-day study on 12 volunteers, all of whom (5)________ themselves
as good sleepers. On the first night, the scientists (6)________ the volunteers sleep in silence.
On the following nights, however, they were subjected to various noises, ranging from the
sound of a (7)________ tap to jet engine roars. describe oneself as: nghĩ mình là (1 kiểu người gì đó)
be subjected to: tiếp xúc với
Measurements of brain activity showed that the participants who reacted least to the noise were
the ones who produced more sleep spindles, (8)________ on the quiet night. Iit is hoped that
this discovery will (9)________ to new ways to help people who have difficulty sleeping.
1: a. whole b. complete c. full (tiếng động) d. entire
2: a. lightest b. finest c. slightest d. weakest
3: a. exposed b. revealed c. displayed d. uncovered
4: a. depend b. involve c. rest d. base
5: a. assured b. declared c. claimed d. described
6: a. permitted b. agreed c. let d. allowed
7: a. pouring b. running c. streaming d. flowing
8: a. even b. precisely c. still d. exactly
9: a. head b. take c. guide d. lead
running tap: vòi nước chảy
complete silence (collocation): sự im lặng hoàn toàn

let SB V0 even: (dùng để nhấn mạnh) kể cả (khi, nếu)

allow SB to V0
even when, even if, even though

range from sth to sth: từ cái gì đó đến cái gì đó

lead to: dẫn tới
2 LỚP CHUYÊN ANH MIỄN PHÍ – CHUYÊN ANH TUTORIALS

Flowers from a 32,000-year-old seed!

We may not be able to (1)________ dinosaurs back to life yet, but how about a flower? In 2012,
flowering plants native to Siberia, in Russia, were grown from 32,000 year-old seeds,
(2)________ the previous record-holder by 30,000 years. Scientists found a number of seeds,
probably buried by an ice-age squirrel, by the (3)________ of the river Kolyma. The seeds,
which were (4)________ encased in ice, were dug up from 38 meters below the permafrost.
Some of them had been (5)________, possibly by the squirrel itself, but others had the
(6)________ to generate new plants. permanent (adj): mãi mãi
grow sth
The scientists extracted plant tissue from the frozen seeds, and successfully germinated the
plants. They grew, flowered, and after a year created seeds of their own. They were
(7)________ to each other but with different flower shapes from the modern (8)________ of
the same species. Experts say these results (9)________ that any number of extinct plant
species could now be found and grown again. bring sth back to somewhere: mang cái gì đó trở lại đâu đó
1: a. get b. bring c. call d. draw
2: a. succeeding b. gaining c. beating d. winning
3: a. borders b. margins c. limits d. banks
4: a. absolutely b. entirely c. properly d. utterly
5: a. hurt b. damaged (giống vật) c. injured d. harmed
6: a. expectation b. likelihood c. potential d. possibility
7: a. identical b. same c. matching d. alike
8: a. version b. type c. format kiểu chữ d. style phong cách
9: a. determine b. point c. indicate d. direct

expectation: kì vọng native to somewhere: (giống cây, vật) sống ở đâu đó, quen với môi
trường ở đâu đó
be identical TO: giống với beat the record/record-holder: phá kỉ lục, đánh bại người giữ kỉ lục
bank: bờ sông
indicate that: cho thấy rằng
encase: bao phủ properly: đúng cách
(dùng cho biểu đồ, nghiên cứu, kết quả,...)

have the potential to do sth: có tiềm năng làm cái gì đó

3 LỚP CHUYÊN ANH MIỄN PHÍ – CHUYÊN ANH TUTORIALS

Mary Heath
Female pilot Mary Heath was the original Queen of the Skies, one of the best-known women
in the world during the (1)________ age of aviation. She was the first woman in Britain to gain
a
a commercial pilot’s licence, the first to (2)________ parachute jump and the first British
women’s javelin champion. She scandalised 1920s’ British society by marrying three times (at
the (3)________ of her fame she wed politician Sir James Heath – her second husband, 45
years her senior). golden age: thời kì vàng aviation: hàng không javelin: môn thể thao ném lao

In 1928, aged 31, she became the first pilot to fly an open-cockpit plane, solo, from South
Africa to Egypt, (4)________ 9,000 miles in three months. It was a triumph. Lady Heath was
(5)________ as the nation’s sweetheart and called ‘Lady Icarus’ by the press. However, her life
was (6)________ tragically short. Only a year later, she (7)________ a horrific accident at the
National Air Show in Ohio in the USA, when her plane crashed through the roof of a building.
Her health was never the (8)________ again, and she died in May 1939. make a jump: có 1 cú nhảy
1: a. golden b. sweet c. bright d. shiny horrific: kinh hoàng
2: a. put b. hold c. take d. make
3: a. crest b. height c. fullest d. top
4: a. covering b. stretching c. crossing d. ranging
5: a. exclaimed b. declared c. hailed d. quoted
6: a. cut b. left c. stopped d. brought
7: a. undercut b. suffered c. received d. underwent
8: a. like b. equal c. better d. same
triumph = win: 1 chiến thắng

scandalize (verb): tạo scandal

cover (10 kilometers): kéo dài (1 quãng đường)
press (noun): báo chí => press coverage (n)
press conference (noun)
at the height of something: ở đỉnh cao của cái gì đó (at the height of success, fame)

be hailed as: được công nhận là (1 chức danh gì đó) be never the same again: không bao giờ trở lại
như cũ nữa

tragically (adv): 1 cách bi thảm be cut short: bị rút ngắn

suffer: hứng chịu (ngay lập tức, ví dụ như tai nạn, bi kịch,...)
suffer FROM: chịu đựng (thường kéo dài, ví dụ như bệnh, ung thư,...)

undergo: trải qua (1 cuộc phẫu thuật => kéo dài)

4 LỚP CHUYÊN ANH MIỄN PHÍ – CHUYÊN ANH TUTORIALS

Photo-taking impairment effect

sự cuồng, thích quá mức
Our obsession with recording every detail of our happiest moments could be damaging our
ability to remember them, according to new research. mindlessly: một cách không suy nghĩ

Dr Linda, from Fairfield University, Connecticut, described this as the ‘photo-taking

impairment effect’. She said, ‘People often whip out their cameras almost mindlessly to
(1)________ a moment, to the point that they are missing what is happening (2)________ in
front of them.’ When people rely on technology to remember for them – (3)________ on the
camera to record the event and thus not needing to (4)________ to it fully themselves – it can
have a negative (5)________ on how well they remember their experiences. whip out: lấy ra
In Dr Linda’s experiment, a group of university students were (6)________ on a tour of a
museum and asked to either photograph or try to remember objects on display. The next day
each student’s memory was tested. The results showed that people were less (7)________ in
recognising the objects they had photographed (8)________ with those they had only looked
at. to the point that: tới cái mức mà capture: bắt lấy 1 khoảnh khắc (bằng camera)

1: a. seize b. grasp c. capture d. snatch

2: a. quite b. right c. merely d. barely
3: a. counting b. settling c. assuming d. swearing
4: a. engage b. apply c. attend d. dedicate
5: a. result b. aspect c. extent d. impact impact/effect ON
6: a. steered b. run c. led d. conveyed
7: a. accurate b. faithful c. exact d. factual
8: a. measured b. compared c. matched d. confronted

right in front of: ngay trước mặt count/rely/depend/bank on: phụ thuộc vào
attend to sth: chú ý tới cái gì đó => attention (n): sự chú ý
on display: được trưng bày
be led on a tour: được dẫn đi đâu đó, đi 1 chuyến đi
accurate: chính xác (đưa ra quyết định, nói về con người)
=> (in)accuracy

less/more______ in comparison to / compared with/to

5 LỚP CHUYÊN ANH MIỄN PHÍ – CHUYÊN ANH TUTORIALS

bear a resemblance to: giống với cái gì đó

predecessor: tiền bối, thế hệ đi trước = resemble
The bicycle
The ‘safety bicycle’ of the late 19th century (1)________ a much closer resemblance to a
modern bike than its predecessors. The ‘Penny Farthing', which gained its name due to its giant
front wheel, its rather tiny rear wheel, and their comparative sizes being similar to the penny
and farthing coins in the UK at the time, was for all (2)________ and purposes a vehicle
designed for racing. A brave rider would perch at the top of the 150cm-high front wheel. This
device had in turn (3)________ Pierre Lallemont's ‘Velocipede’, a vehicle that featured a rotary
crank mechanism to turn the wheels, (4)________ to his American patent in 1866. However, it
still lacked a chain drive and a ‘true’ gearing system, and, rather worryingly, any kind of brake.
đối lập (1 cái này chỉ cho 1 nhóm người // cái còn lại cho mọi người) phanh xe
(5)________ the Penny Farthing had been ridden almost exclusively by daring young men, the
safety bike could be used by anyone and quite a scandal was (6)________ up by one newspaper
around the time of the bike's commercial launch when it reported on young women riding the
bikes, unchaperoned, around the city of New York. What is more – these trailblazing ladies had
also dared to wear trousers – a (7)________ outrage in some parts of society. In fact, Susan B.
Antony, a 19th-century women’s activist, claimed that bicycling had done more to emancipate
giải phóng (khỏi xiềng xích, nói về
women than any one thing in the world. outrage = shock: cú sốc nô lệ//phụ nữ)

The bicycle has continued to be an understated symbol of innovation and evolution, if nothing
else (8)________ the way to ease of movement for many, and in an undoubtedly không có nghi
ngờ gì cả
environmentally friendly way. understated: bị xem nhẹ

1: a. takes b. gives c. bears d. makes

2: a. intends b. intents c. insights d. intakes
3: a. superseded b. circumvented c. overcome d. overhauled
4: a. according b. owing c. prior d. due
5: a. However b. Whereas While c. Whenever d. Since
6: a. stirred b. twisted c. mixed d. shaken
7: a. doubtless b. veritable c. factual d. genuine
8: a. beginning b. starting c. opening d. launching

stir up: khơi mào (1 vấn đề nào đó, 1 scandal nào đó)
patent: bằng sáng chế

for all intents and purposes: in every practical sense

a problem crops up: perch: ngồi (ở ngay mép, ngay rìa) exclusively: một cách độc quyền, chỉ dành riêng cho
1 vấn đề nổi lên (bất chợt) ai đó

unchaperoned: không được đồng hành, in turn: lần lượt, vì vậy, do đó veritable (adj): (dùng để nhấn mạnh) thực sự là 1 cái gì
kèm cặp đó
supersede: vượt mặt, cao cấp hơn, trội hơn

circumvent: lảng tránh (1 vấn đề nào đó), nói vòng vòng để né vấn đề

trailblazing (adj): tiên phong => trailblazer (noun): người tiên phong

open the way to: mở đường tới cái gì đó

environmentally friendly: thân thiện với môi trường