Razeyah Rezayee
Standard 3:
tandard 3 is about the organization of content in a way that will interest students and equally
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affected their learning. Teachers ensure that lessons are aligned with state standards, linked to
the real world, and modified for students with special educational needs. They incorporate
different subjects to help students develop critical thinking skills and incorporate inclusive,
evidence-based teaching and learning materials and technology for all learners.
Instructional Design:
his explains how teachers teach. Direct instruction is a systematic, teacher-directed method,
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and drill and practice are learning strategies for rehearsing and remembering information and
skills. Lectures are quick, but they are dull, question-and-answer, and discussions involve
students; thus, they think and participate. Mental modeling is useful for problem solving, and
inquiry-based and discovery learning is learning by doing. It helps in the development of
teamwork and social skills but should be accompanied by proper directions. Each of the
methods has its advantages, and it is clear that some of them are most effective when used in
combination to make the lesson both enjoyable and productive.
Universal Design for Learning – An Introduction:
niversal Design for Learning (UDL) is a way of teaching that aims to enable all learners to
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learn and be successful. UDL was originated by CAST and follows three principles:
engagement (students should be able to choose and be interested in the task), representation
(the content should be presented in different ways, including text, audio, and visuals) and action
& expression (students should be able to demonstrate what they have learned). UDL
addresses the needs and cultural background of the students, thus ensuring that every child in
the classroom has every chance to be successful.
Bloom’s Taxonomy:
loom’s Taxonomy is a tool that was developed to help teachers when writing objectives and
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assessments as it is divided into levels of thinking skills from lower to higher order. It has six
levels: Remembering (reproducing facts), Understanding (defining concepts), Applying (using
knowledge in real life), Analyzing (looking for patterns), Evaluating (making judgments) and
Creating (coming up with new ideas). The taxonomy ensures that students progress from the
lower order thinking skills of recalling information to the higher order thinking skills. The revised
version by Krathwohl & Anderson (2001) is more student oriented and thus makes it easier for
teachers to determine the level of cognitive learning and develop a learning plan that is
progressive and balanced for all the levels of cognitive skills.