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Basic English: Greetings & Introductions

This document is a basic English teaching guide covering greetings, farewells, personal information, the alphabet, personal pronouns, and the verb 'to be'. It includes examples of formal and informal interactions, as well as practice exercises for students. The content is structured to help learners understand and use essential English phrases and grammar.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
26 views34 pages

Basic English: Greetings & Introductions

This document is a basic English teaching guide covering greetings, farewells, personal information, the alphabet, personal pronouns, and the verb 'to be'. It includes examples of formal and informal interactions, as well as practice exercises for students. The content is structured to help learners understand and use essential English phrases and grammar.

Uploaded by

angon1404
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

BASIC ENGLISH

Teacher:
Licda. Sandra Acuña Salas
UNIT 1

GREETINGS
FAREWELLS
PERSONAL INFORMATION
The Alphabet
Personal Pronouns
VERB BE
GREETINGS
FORMAL GREETINGSINFORMAL
•Good morning •Morning
•Good afternoon •Afternoon
•Good evening •Evening
•Hello •Hi-hey
•How’s it going? •What’s up?
I´m fine nothing much
•How are you?
I’m good
•How are you all?
•How are you today?
•How’re you doing?
•How do you do?
How are you? - How do you do? -
How’s it going?- How’re you doing?

I’m = I am…

•Fine, good, well, ok


•Bad, not well
•Very good, very well
•Pretty good, quite well
•Not very well, not very good
•So so
•Terrible, really bad, tired, sick
•I am hanging in there=negative
EXAMPLE:

A: Good morning
B: Good morning
A: How’re you doing?
B: I’m well
FAREWELLS
Formal Farewells Informal Farewells

• Good bye • Bye


• Good night • Bye bye
• Have a nice day. • See you.
• See you later.
• See you tomorrow.
• So long.
• See you then.
• Have a nice day
• Have a nice one
• Take care
EXAMPLE:

A: Good evening
B: good evening
A: how are you, today?
B:I’m sick
A:take care
B: bye bye
INTRODUCTIONS

• Formal Introduction • Informal Introduction

• I’d like to introduce you • This is _____.


to _____ .

•Nice to meet you.


➢Nice to meet you, too.

•Nice meeting you.


➢Nice meeting you, too.
PERSONAL
INFORMATION
1. What’s your name?
My name is Sandra / it’s Sandra
2. Where do you live?
I live in Heredia
3. What do you do?
I’m a teacher
4. How old are you?
I’m 34.
5. Do you have any children?
Yes, I do / no, I don’t
6. What’s your marital status?
I’m married /single/ divorced/ widow/
widower / civil union
7. How many children do you have?
I have 2 children
I have 1 child.
I don’t have any children
8. Where are you from?
I’m from Costa Rica
10. Do you work?
Yes, I do
No, I don´t
11. Where do you work?
I work in a company
12. Do you study?
Yes. I do
No, I don’t
Practice #1
A. Good morning, class.
B. _____________________
A. How’re you doing?
B. _____________________
A. What’s your name?
B. ______________________
A. It’s nice to meet you.
B. Nice to meet you, too.
A. Where do you live?
B. ______________________
A. Bye bye.
B. .______________________
THE ALPHABET
A (ei) B (bi) C (ci) D(di)
E (i) F (ef) G (yi) H (éich)
I (ai) J (yei) K (kei) L (el)
M (em) N (en) O (ou) P (pi)
Q (kiú) R (ar) S (es) T (ti)
U (iu) V (vi) W (dábol iu)
X (ex) Y (uai) Z (zi)
HOW DO YOU SPELL …?
*Spell: deletrear

• How do you spell your name?


➢A–L–L–A–N
➢D – A – Y – A – N
➢C – A – R – L – O – S

• How do you spell …?


TITLES
• Mr. (Mister): Single and married men.
• Mrs. (Misis): Married women.
• Miss (mis): Single women.
• Ms. (mes): Single or married women.
PERSONAL PRONOUNS
SHE (SHI) ELLA
HE (JI) ÈL
IT (IT) COSA
ANIMAL {
SINGULAR
YOU (IU) USTED
USTEDES
WE (WI) NOSOTROS
THEY (DEI) ELLOS
COSAS\ANIMALES {
PLURAL
I (AI) YO
SHE IS MY SISTER

HE IS ANGRY

WE ARE GOOD FRIENDS


PRACTICE 1
• MY MOTHER ________________________
• JUAN AND I ________________________
• MY UNCLE ________________________
• MY CATS _________________________
• TERESA AND MARY __________________
• THE BLUE PEN _______________________
• HER SISTER __________________________
• THE DOG __________________________
• MY DAD____________________________________
VERB BE
SER – ESTAR

is – are - am
VERB BE (SER O ESTAR)
• I am (Yo soy / yo estoy)
• He is (Él es / él está)
• She is (Ella es / ella está)
• It is (Él o ella es / él o ella está)
• We are (nosotros somos/ nosotros estamos)
• You are (ustedes son / ustedes están)
• They are (ellos o ellas son/ ellos o ellas están)
HE
SHE IT
IS
WE
YOU THEY

ARE
I AM
SIMPLE PRESENT WITH TO BE
• Structure: S + Be + Complement

For example:
I am in the park. / I’m in the park. (I am = I’m)

You are a student. / You’re a student.


(You are=You’re)

Carlos is at the beach. / He is at the beach. /


He’s at the beach. (He is = He’s)
PRACTICE 2
• JUAN __________ MY FATHER.
• I _______ AT THE BUS STOP.
• PETER AND KATTY __________ IN THE PARK.
• MY TEACHER _________ IN THE SCHOOL.
• SONIA AND I __________ FRIENDS.
• I _______ A TEACHER.
• JOSHUA _______ IS A MECHANIC.
NEGATIVE

•IS NOT=ISN’T

•ARE NOT= AREN’T

•AM NOT
SHE IS NOT MY STUDENT.

HE ISN’T HER BOYFRIEND.

THEY AREN’T IN THE PARK.

WE ARE NOT NEIGHBORS.

I AM NOT SUSSY.
CONTRACTIONS
• SHE IS = she’s
• He is= he’s
• It is = it’s
• They are = they’re
• We are = we’re
• You are = you’re
• I am = I’m
• Is not = isn’t
• Are not = aren’t
• Am not
PRACTICE 3
• OLD - I - YEARS - AM - 24

• ARE - VENEZUELA - FROM - WE

• IS - AN - ENGINEER - JHON

• MY - ANTHONY - A - NAME - STUDENT - IS -


I’M - AND
YES \NO QUESTIONS
• LUIS IS MY FRIEND. =SENTENCE

• BE+PRONOUN +COMPLEMENT? = YES\NO


QUESTION

• IS LUIS MY FRIEND?
YES, HE IS.
NO, HE ISN’T.
• ARE YOU MY CLASSMATE?
YES, I AM.
NO, I AM NOT.
• IS JUAN IN THE PARK?
YES, HE IS.
NO, HE ISN’T.
• ARE THEY GREAT STUDENTS?
YES, THEY ARE.
NO, THEY AREN’T.
• ARE YOU FRIENDS?
YES, WE ARE.
NO, WE AREN’T.
PRATICE 4
• ARE JANE AND ALICE SISTERS?

• IS MARIA HIS SISTER?

• ARE YOU 25 YEARS OLD?

• ARE THEY DIVORCED?

• IS YOUR MOTHER’S NAME SANDRA?

Common questions

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Asking 'How do you spell your name?' is important for ensuring accuracy and respect in communication, especially when dealing with diverse cultural names that may have different spellings. Such precision is crucial in professional interactions and official documentation .

Singular personal pronouns in English are 'I,' 'he,' 'she,' and 'it,' whereas plural pronouns include 'we,' 'you,' and 'they.' 'You' can be both singular and plural depending on the context .

Knowing both formal and informal farewells is important for tailoring your communication to different social situations, maintaining proper etiquette, and showing respect. For instance, 'Goodbye' or 'Have a nice day' are more formal farewells appropriate for professional settings, whereas 'Bye' or 'See you later' are informal and fit casual settings .

Titles such as 'Mr.,' 'Mrs.,' 'Miss,' and 'Ms.' are used based on marital status and gender. 'Mr.' is for both single and married men, 'Mrs.' for married women, 'Miss' for single women, and 'Ms.' can be used regardless of marital status, often to avoid specifying whether a woman is married .

For foreign English speakers, mastering the use of the verb 'to be' is crucial as it is foundational to constructing grammatically correct sentences in English. It affects the clarity of meaning in both personal identification and stating conditions or locations. Misuse can lead to misunderstandings and affect communication effectiveness .

Formal greetings include phrases like 'Good morning,' 'Good afternoon,' and 'Good evening,' while informal greetings include 'Hi,' 'Hey,' and 'What’s up?' Formal greetings are typically used in professional or official settings, whereas informal greetings are used among friends and in casual conversations .

The phrase 'I’m hanging in there' is appropriate in informal contexts where someone is inquiring about your well-being and you want to convey a sense of coping despite difficulties. It implies that things are challenging but manageable and is often used in casual conversations among friends .

Yes/no questions using the verb 'to be' are structured by placing the verb before the pronoun, followed by the complement. For instance, 'Luis is my friend' becomes 'Is Luis my friend?' with possible answers being 'Yes, he is' or 'No, he isn’t' .

Contractions are used in the verb 'to be' to shorten sentences and make speech more fluid and natural. For example, 'I am' becomes 'I’m,' 'He is' becomes 'He’s,' and 'We are' becomes 'We’re.' They aid in making language more conversational in both spoken and written forms .

In the simple present tense, the verb 'to be' is conjugated as 'am' for 'I,' 'is' for singular third-person pronouns 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' and 'are' for 'you,' 'we,' and 'they.' For example, 'I am,' 'He is,' 'They are' .

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