GROUP 1
Fundamental unit of life
parts and
functions of cell
ANIMAL AND PLANT
ANIMAL
table of 01 02
contents:
nucleus Ribosomes
03 04
Mitochondria Endoplasmic Reticulum
05 06
Golgi Apparatus Lysosomes
07 08
Cytoplasm Cell Membrane
PLant
01 Chloroplasts 02 Cell Wall
03 Vacuole
Cell nucleus
The nucleus is the control center of the
cell and houses all of the cell's genetic
information, Usually a cell has a single
nucleus that contains all of its DNA
molecules, but some (such as skeletal
muscle cells) have more than one
nucleus.
The Nucleus protects the cell's DNA
while controlling all other cellular
activities, such as cell devision, growth
,protein production, and cell death.
Ribosome
Ribosomes are found both in
prokaryotes and eukaryotes,
ribosomes are the site of protein
synthesis.
Ribosomes are located in the
cytoplasm and the rough
endoplasmic reticulum.
Mitochondria
Known as the 'powerhouse' of eukaryotic
cells, the mitochondria are the sites for
cellular respiration.
They harness energy by breaking down
food molecules to make adenosine
triphosphate or ATP, which is the main
carrier of energy in cells.
ENDOPLASMIC
RETICULUM
The endoplasmic reticulum can either
be smooth or rough, and in general its
function is to produce proteins for the
rest of the cell to function.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Protein Synthesis, Protein Folding and
Modification and Quality Control.
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Lipid and Steroid Synthesis,
Detoxification and Calcium Ion storage
and Release
Golgi apparatus
The Golgi apparatus is an organelle
found in eukaryotic cells that is
involved in processing, modifying,
and packaging proteins and lipids.
It plays a crucial role in cellular
transportation and secretion.
Lysosomes
Lysosomes are involved with various
cell processes. They break down
excess or worn-out cell parts. They
may be used to destroy invading
viruses and bacteria.
When the lysosomes don't function
properly, toxic materials build up.
This, in turn, causes problems for the
cell, leading to tissue damage and
debilitating symptoms affecting
many parts of the body.
Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm is a jelly-like substance that
fills the inside of a cell. It is a semi-
transparent fluid that contains various
organelles, such as the nucleus,
mitochondria, and ribosomes.
Cytoplasm plays a key role in supporting
the structure of the cell and facilitating
various cellular processes, such as
metabolism, protein synthesis, and cell
division
Cell Membrane
(AKA THE PLASMA MEMBRANE)
All cells are surrounded by a cell
membrane , which consists a
semipermeable phospholipid bilayer.
The cell membrane controls which
substance enter and leave the cell , and
also separates the interior of the cell from
its external environment.
PLANT CELL PARTS
Chloroplasts
The chloroplast is a light-driven energy
factory, but besides this primary mission,
it perceives signals from the surrounding
environment to adjust plant
development.
As such, chloroplasts are responsible for
the biosynthesis of active compounds
such as amino acids, phytohormones,
nucleotides, vitamins, lipids, and
secondary metabolites.
Cell Wall
Plant cells are surrounded by a tough
structure called the cell wall, which is
found outside of the cell membrane and
is mainly made of cellulose.The cell wall
supports and protects plant cells ,giving
them their characteristics rectangular or
box-like shape.
Vacuole
The vacuole is an important component
of plant and fungal cells. It plays several
key roles in cellular processes. One of its
main functions is storing water and
maintaining turgor pressure, which
helps provide structural support to plant
cells.
Additionally, vacuoles can store
nutrients, waste products, and
pigments. They also contribute to the
detoxification of harmful substances
within the cell
Thank you!
