NORTH LUZON PHILIPPINES STATE COLLEGE
LITERACY TRAINING SERVICE 2021-2022
Module 7 The Teacher and the Learner
Learning Objectives:
At the end of the lesson you shall have:
a) enumerated the characteristics of an efficient and effective teacher;
b) explained the importance of Code of Ethics for School Officials and Teachers.
Discussion
THE TEACHER
Characteristics of an Effective and Efficient Teacher
The teacher must possess the following characteristics in order to become an effective and
efficient teacher. A teacher is considered effective when she can attain the objectives set for
the day or attain the desired result while efficient means a competent teacher, one who works
properly, producing nearly as much as work as she can.
An effective teacher likes and enjoys teaching. This means that the teacher is proud of her
profession and that she loves and enjoys her job.
She has a mastery of the subject matter. A teacher cannot teach well if she has not mastered
the lessons she is teaching. This is based on the principle that a teacher cannot give what she
doesn’t have.
She has the necessary self-confidence and trust in what she can do. The teacher believes in
herself, her capabilities that she can teach well.
She has the mastery of the methods and tools of teaching. The teacher must know how to
teach. She should be knowledgeable of the different methods of teaching and how to use them
appropriately.
She has the mastery of the medium of instruction and art of communication.
She should know how to develop her personality.
She should also have a mastery of lesson planning and subject matter organization.
She should be healthy.
She should grow professionally.
She should maintain harmonious relationship with her colleagues, the non-teaching
personnel, administrators and the community as a whole.
The Learner
The learner is the primordial concern in the educative process. The biological equipment of
the learner is the basis of teaching and learning. The child’s hereditary traits are the capital with which
COLLEGE OF
TEACHER
EDUCATION 1
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NORTH LUZON PHILIPPINES STATE COLLEGE
LITERACY TRAINING SERVICE 2021-2022
education must work. It is necessary to study his capacities, and the rest of his personality traits so
that the teacher can think of ways and means in enhancing his ability to assimilate learning.
Development Periods
The Biological and Psychological development of the Learner
1. Prenatal period (conception to birth). This period is characterized by the formation of all the parts
of the human body such as the internal organs, skeletal bones, flesh, etc.
2. Period of Infancy or babyhood (birth to 2 years). At this stage, the baby learns to control his
muscles. This is predominantly characterized by the beginning of the basic and physiological
behaviour patterns such as; rolling, crawling, sitting, standing, walking, talking, laughing, taking solid
food, and elimination of wastes, learning sex differences relating emotionally with parents, kin and
others, and the like.
3. Early childhood (2 to 6 years). The development is characterized first by growth of control over the
environment. It is the period, which is considered as pre-school age because parents are already
enrolling their child to kindergarten. With our present educational system, age six is already
considered for grade one.
4. Late Childhood (6 or 7 to 11 years). This is the period for elementary grades. The skills he learns at
home and in school are put into practice. He learns the subject taught in the school such as: reading,
writing, arithmetic, language and social studies. He continues to socialize with peers. He is aware of
what is right and wrong. He begins to be attracted with the opposite sex.
5. Puberty (12 or 13 to 14 or 15 years). In this period, changes in physical and physiological aspects in
both sexes take place very fast. This is a stage wherein the urge for sex starts. The growth of pubic
hair for boys and girls start, growth of breasts of girls can already be seen, and also the growth of hair
in the arms and legs of boys begin.
6. Early Adolescence (period from puberty up to seventeen years). In this period, there is rapid sex
maturation. Some children who are not properly guided by the parents get married at this stage. There
is continuous change of voice, thinking and feeling.
7. Late Adolescence (period from 18-21 years). The youth are now preparing for their future by
attending their professional and vocational careers and some are already seeking for job. The process
of development of intellectual and social skills continues.
8. Early Adulthood (21-40 years). It is in this stage where adults may pursue higher studies. This
period is considered as the productive years of their lives.
9. Middle age (40-65 years). This is the period of late adulthood. This is the stage where the person
has already attained the peak of his aspirations in his life by having a family and home of his own,
lucrative employment and successful business ventures, achievements or even political affiliations.
10. Old Age (starts at age 65). This is the stage where a person feels some ailments that are
characterized by old age such as: arthritis, forgetfulness, deafness, failing eyesight, baldness and
senility.
Factors Influencing Development
According to Siruno (2000) development means the progressive series of changes of an
orderly, coherent type toward the goal of maturity.
Maturation is the development of traits which are potentially present within the individual
brought by heredity endowment.
COLLEGE OF
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EDUCATION 2
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NORTH LUZON PHILIPPINES STATE COLLEGE
LITERACY TRAINING SERVICE 2021-2022
Learning is the result of grasping knowledge from the different sources.
1. Intelligence. This refers to the mental ability of the child. Children with high intelligence progress
and grow faster than those with low intelligence.
2. Sex. Sex determines societal roles. It is expected that males tend to become aggressive, fearless,
and capable of doing hard work.
3. Glands of internal secretion. The secretion of the glands affects both the pre-natal and post- natal
development.
4. Nutrition. Nutrition refers to the amount of food as well as the vitamins, protein, calcium, etc.
content are essential.
5. Fresh air and sunlight. These factors are essential to the health condition and the maturing age of
the child.
6. Injuries and disease. The child’s development could be retarded by the injuries and disease such as;
head injury, toxic poisons from diseases and drugs, bacterial poisons from disease brought by
tonsillitis, typhoid fever.
7. Race. It is found out through researches that children of Mediterranean races develop faster than
those children of the countries of North Europe.
8. Culture. Differences in culture do not affect social and motor responses.
9. Ordinal Position in the Family. The eldest child gets matured at an early age, because he has to
attend to his younger siblings.
COLLEGE OF
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EDUCATION 3
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NORTH LUZON PHILIPPINES STATE COLLEGE
LITERACY TRAINING SERVICE 2021-2022
Evaluation
Answer the following:
1. Why teaching is considered the noblest profession.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2. Is the teacher allowed to court his student?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3. Explain briefly the disciplinary action on the violation of the Code of Ethics for School
Officials and Teachers.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
4. Discuss briefly the hereunder responsibilities of the teacher to the following:
a. State
b. Community
c. Profession
d. Teaching community
e. Higher authority
f. Learners
g. Parents
h. Business
i. As a person
COLLEGE OF
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EDUCATION 4
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NORTH LUZON PHILIPPINES STATE COLLEGE
LITERACY TRAINING SERVICE 2021-2022
References
Dela Cruz, S.G., Lazo, E.D., Mapue, P.M. (2005). National Development via NSTP (LTS I).
Metro Manila: Lorimar Publishing Co., Inc.
Labuegen, F., Vidal, C.J., Ramos, A., Moralde, R.P., Placer, R., Rendorio, E. ((2012)
Understanding the national service training program: A modular work text topics for NSTP 1,
Mutya Publishing House, Inc.
COLLEGE OF
TEACHER
EDUCATION 5
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