DIRECTING FUNCTION IN MANAGEMENT

1) Directing
Directing is an activity carried out by the leader to guide, direct, regulate all
activities that have been given the task of carrying out business activities. The directing
function is the most important of all management functions, the directing function can be
carried out to realize the company's goals.
2) Human Behavior
The art of management determines a leader in fostering cooperation and
influencing subordinates to obey the orders given. Thus, it is very important to
understand human factors and behavior
Elton Mayo proposed the period of human behavior

1. Human problems can only be solved humanely by using the basics and tools of
humanity.
2. Morale has a greater role and influence on employee productivity.
3. Good and fair treatment of employees has a greater impact on productivity than the
level of wages.

3) Motivation

Motivation or encouragement in management is only aimed at human resources in

general and subordinates in particular.

According to experts

1) Edwin B. Flippo

Motivation is a skill in directing organizational employees to want to work

successfully, so that the wishes of employees are achieved while achieving
organizational goals.

2) G.R. Terry
Motivation is the desire contained in the individual that stimulates him to
take actions.

Every job has motives (needs) and expects satisfaction from work results such as:

a. Physical and safety needs

b. Social needs
c. Egoistic needs

The tiered human needs are:

1. Physiological needs (physical needs) are the most basic human needs. For
example: clothing, food and shelter.
2. Security of safety is the need for a sense of security for his soul, free from
anxiety, free from pressure/threats.
3. Affiliation or acceptance (social needs) is the need for someone to join a
certain group to become a member of a group, either a work group or office
or community group.
4. Esteem or status is the need for appreciation/public views, achievements
and recognition of other parties.
5. Self-actualization is a person's need to express or show his potential, his
abilities and ideas.
There are several ways to motivate employees, including:
1) Provide decent wages.
A decent wage can increase an employee's satisfaction, so that his
passion for work also increases. But it must be remembered, not always
an increase in wages / salaries can increase morale. To a certain extent,
an increase in wages can actually loosen a person's enthusiasm, because
he is already satisfied with his income, even though he works casually
the working hours are not full. As a result, giving a higher salary/wages
will cause employees to work fewer hours.
2) Providing incentives
To get direct results, employees can be given incentives, namely
providing additional income to employees who have provided
achievements as expected, or their work exceeds the target.
3) Pay attention to self-esteem
High wages and incentives do not guarantee employees can be
happy, if their self-esteem does not get the attention it deserves. So it
should be noted that an employee does not feel that his self-esteem has
been trampled on.
4) Meeting spiritual needs
Needs related to religious issues, beliefs or traditions that are still
firmly entrenched in the community and in the hearts of employees must
receive attention. If these needs are not considered, it will cause
employees to be less enthusiastic about work.
For example: In a company a place of worship is made in
accordance with the beliefs and religions embraced by its employees.
5) Meet the need to participate
A worker will work more enthusiastically if he is included in each
stage of the work. Therefore, he should be given the opportunity to
participate, so that he feels valued. Hiring a subordinate is not good if
you rely solely on the command system.
6) Placing workers in the right place
Placement of workers according to their talents, interests and
abilities is a very good motivation. Errors in placing employees will
cause mistakes in the work, which in turn harms the organization. If
there is work to be done in groups, they must be able to work together.
Employees who are less able to cooperate should be transferred to
another section.
7) Create a sense of security in the future.
To be able to guarantee a sense of security in the future (old age)
a pension program is needed. In addition, it can also provide
opportunities for employees to buy shares in the company, so that later
they will also own the company.
8) Pay attention to the work environment.
A comfortable, cool, clean, beautiful and neat work environment is
certainly more able to increase work enthusiasm if it is certainly more
able to increase work enthusiasm when compared to a crowded, hot,
dusty, dark work environment and so on.
9) Provide opportunities for advancement.
Leaders must be able to observe employees who excel, show
loyalty so that they can be promoted or placed in a better place.
10) Creating healthy competition.
With healthy competition, it will spur employees to compete for
more than others. However, care must be taken not to allow the created
competition to have negative consequences, which will cause far greater
losses than the gains.
Motivation has two forms:
 Positive motivation
A positive encouragement means that if employees can produce
achievements above standard performance, then the employee is given
incentives in the form of prizes.

 Negative motivation
That is the encouragement of subordinates with the threat of
punishment, meaning that if their performance is less than the standard
performance, they will be punished, while if their performance is above
the standard nothing is given.
4) LEADERSHIP
A leader must have the ability to generate emotional and rational forces in his
followers. In fact, leadership needs to be more emotional than intellectual or rational.
Each leader must carry out all management functions, meaning to lead all human
resources and other resources.
A leader must pay attention to two things, namely: "internal environment and
external investment".
The internal environment is the entire company which includes employees,
production activities, administration, finance, good relations between employees and
between superiors and subordinates.
External investment are things outside that affect the company, namely the state
of the economy, technology and government policies.
Company leaders must realize that their goals can only be achieved properly if
there is good cooperation between the internal and external environment and this
requires a social cooperation system approach or "Cooperative social system approach"
5) COMMUNICATION AND HUMAN RELATION

Communication is important in management to convey orders, information and

news and reports, as well as in establishing relationships between one person and another.

The essence of communication is that ideas, news, information, messages

communicated can be understood and interpreted the same by other people (receivers).
Therefore, someone who wants to communicate effectively should learn communication.

Communication functions:

a. Instructive: giving instructions, orders from superiors to subordinates.

b. Informative: convey information or news.
c. Influencing: giving advice or advice.
d. Evaluative: reporting from subordinates to superiors.

Communication elements:

e. Giver: messenger, idea.

f. Message: information, ideas conveyed
g. Channel: channel / tool used to communicate.
h. Receiver: receiver of information.
i. Feedback: reaction / feedback from the receiver.
Leaders in the management process always use communication to govern and
coordinate, therefore the role of communication will determine the success or failure of a
manager in his leadership.