11 Biology – Revision – initially refer to your notes for accuracy then repeat without notes
Recall key points concisely and accurately
Think up possible questions and answer them
Do the Practice Exam– see Moodle
Other options – test recall with flash cards, test recall with game cards, do Kahoots quizzes, draw
own concept maps, test recall of terms (glossary)
BIODIVERSITY
Biodiversity – define and use formulae (SDI, D, S, evenness, % cover measures)
Abiotic factors (examples, zones of tolerance optimal physiological stress; limit distribution and abundance]
Species interactions [S, P, C, M, C, C, P, A; examples; affect distribution and abundance; predator prey cycle]
Competition for resources – intra and interspecific
Ecological niche – define, example
Competitive exclusion principle
Calculations – SDI, D, Species Richness (Menhinick Index)
CLASSIFICATION
Linnaean classification – features (e.g. hierarchical broad to specific), taxa sequence (DKPCOFGS), binomial
nomenclature
Methods of reproduction – asexual (vegetative propagation, fragmentation, parthenogenesis), sexual
K vs r strategists (Few expensive vs Lots of cheap offspring)
Clade – define and identify
Identify common ancestors on cladograms (nodes); most recent ancestor
Biological Species definition and limitations
Phylogenetic Species definition and limitations
Infertile hybrid example
Microhabitat – define, examples
Ecosystem – define, example
Ecoregion – define, example
Classify and name an ecosystem using data (e.g. Specht’s, dominant species or Holdridge)
Explain importance of classifying ecosystems for management (identification, communication, use,
conservation)
Process of stratified sampling (P, SS, ST, MB, DP, DA) – learn an answer
ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION
Energy transfer and transformation (incl. radiation, reflection, absorption)
Energy transfer efficiency calculations
Matter transfer and transformation examples from cycles (biomass - define)
Water Cycle
Carbon Cycle
Nitrogen Cycle – denitrifying, nitrifying etc. conversions + importance of bacteria
Photosynthesis/respiration equations (include #ATP)
Energy, number and biomass pyramids – upright and inverted examples
Calculate energy transfer efficiency
Analyse energy flow diagrams (input and outputs) (net and gross productivity)
Keystone species – define, examples
POPULATION
Carrying capacity (K) – define and estimate from graph
Population Limiting Factors – abiotic and biotic
Distribution patterns – clumped, even (uniform), random
Predator – prey cycles
Exponential J curve (boom and bust, limited resources)
Logistic S curve (slow, rapid, plateau - environmental resistance)
initial−final
Population growth rate equation: × 100 %
initial
Population change equation: b+ i−d−e
M×n
Lincoln Index equation:
m
Density dependent factors
Density independent factors
ECOSYSTEM CHANGE
Ecological succession (pioneer, climax, sere)
Primary vs Secondary succession
Pioneer species attributes
Fossil record - past abiotic and biotic
Predict spatial/temporal successional changes from data (biomass, biodiversity, interactions)
Predict impact of human activity (overexploitation, habitat destruction etc) on magnitude, duration and
speed of ecosystem change
Explain cause (e g deforestation) and consequences (magnitude, duration, speed of change) for one case
e.g. habitat destruction
